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Aims: Racial and ethnic disparities exist in gestational diabetes prevalence and risk of subsequent type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Postpartum engagement in healthy behaviours is recommended for prevention and early detection of T2DM, yet uptake is low among women from diverse cultural backgrounds. Greater understanding of factors impacting postpartum health behaviours is needed. Applying the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) and Capability, Opportunity, Motivation‐Behaviour (COM‐B) model, our aim was to synthesise barriers to and enablers of postpartum health behaviours among women from diverse cultural backgrounds with prior GDM and identify relevant intervention components. Methods: Databases, reference lists and grey literature were searched from September 2017 to April 2021. Two reviewers screened articles independently against inclusion criteria and extracted data. Using an inductive–deductive model, themes were mapped to the TDF and COM‐B model. Results: After screening 5148 citations and 139 full texts, we included 35 studies (N = 787 participants). The main ethnicities included Asian (43%), Indigenous (15%) and African (11%). Barriers and enablers focused on Capability (e.g. knowledge), Opportunity (e.g. competing demands, social support from family, friends and healthcare professionals, culturally appropriate education and resources) and Motivation (e.g. negative emotions, perceived consequences and necessity of health behaviours, social/cultural identity). Five relevant intervention functions are identified to link the barriers and enablers to evidence‐based recommendations for communications to support behaviour change. Conclusions: We provide a conceptual model to inform recommendations regarding the development of messaging and interventions to support women from diverse cultural backgrounds in engaging in healthy behaviours to reduce risk of T2DM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: Women with prior gestational diabetes have nearly 10 times the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Postpartum screening for type 2 diabetes is recommended for early diagnosis and management, yet uptake is low. This work updates a previous systematic review and advances it through the application of the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) to synthesise personal‐level factors impacting type 2 diabetes screening and the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation‐Behaviour model (COM‐B), to develop messaging recommendations for use in clinical practice and screening promotion interventions. Methods: We searched seven academic databases from September 2017 (prior review) to April 2021, reference lists and grey literature. Two reviewers independently screened articles against inclusion criteria (qualitative studies exploring factors impacting postpartum diabetes screening, any language) and extracted data. Using an inductive‐deductive model, we coded determinants to the TDF and mapped onto the COM‐B model. Results: We identified 38 eligible papers from 34 studies (N = 1291 participants). Most (71%) reported sample sizes of N ≥ 16. The ratio of barriers to enablers was three to one. Eight key TDF domains were identified. Evidence‐based recommendations include addressing knowledge, risk perception, fear of diabetes diagnosis, low prioritisation of personal health and fatalism. The risk of bias was low and confidence in findings was moderate to high. A limitation was conceptual overlap between TDF domains, which we addressed via the study procedure. Conclusions: The theoretical categorisation of determinants enables the development of messaging and interventions at the personal level, to promote women's uptake of postpartum type 2 diabetes screening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]