26 results on '"međuratno razdoblje"'
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2. The female Body between Consumer culture and Traditional Roles: Redefining Gender Patterns through the Interwar Croatian Women's Press.
- Author
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Blagojević, Mirjam Vida
- Subjects
CONSUMERISM ,GENDER role ,CONSUMER culture theory ,INTERWAR Period (1918-1939) ,MODERNITY ,ECONOMIC development ,FREEDOM of the press - Abstract
Copyright of Journal of the Institute of Croatian History / Radovi Zavoda za Hrvatsku Povijest is the property of Zavod za Hrvatsku Povijest, Filozofski Fakultet and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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3. PANTIES, HEARTS AND FOXTROTS: TRANSLATIONS OF POPULAR SONGS WITHIN THE CROATIAN RECORD INDUSTRY IN THE INTERWAR PERIOD.
- Author
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VUKOBRATOVIĆ, JELKA
- Subjects
- *
POPULAR music , *SOUND recording industry , *INTERWAR Period (1918-1939) , *WORLD War II , *CABARET music , *UNDERWEAR - Abstract
This article brings insight into the production of popular music in the early domestic record industry in Croatia, focusing on the period between the two world wars and on the treatment of foreign songs in local musicians’ translation and adaptation. The translators of foreign songs which were produced by the Edison Bell Penkala record company belonged to the Zagreb cabaret scene and their performances of the songs reflected both the western trends as well as their professional image and cultural background. The occurrence of »panties«, »hearts« and »foxtrots« on early Croatian records point to types of treatment of popular music templates offering different levels of domestication and foreignization within the local popular music production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Promjene na obalnom dijelu Kaštel Novoga i Kaštel Staroga (u kontekstu velike konjunkture u drugoj polovini 19. stoljeća i razvoja turizma u međuratnome razdoblju).
- Author
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Domazet, Mladenko
- Subjects
INTERNATIONAL markets ,MIDDLE Ages ,INTERWAR Period (1918-1939) ,COASTAL development ,SUPERFICIALITY ,WINE tasting ,SHIP models - Abstract
Copyright of Journal of the Institute of Croatian History / Radovi Zavoda za Hrvatsku Povijest is the property of Zavod za Hrvatsku Povijest, Filozofski Fakultet and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. PRIKAZ SAMOUBOJSTAVA U DNEVNOM TISKU U DALMACIJI IZMEĐU DVA SVJETSKA RATA.
- Author
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Mišur, Ivo
- Subjects
- *
WORLD War II , *SUICIDE , *REPORTERS & reporting , *DEAD , *SUICIDE victims - Abstract
The paper analyzed texts of newspaper reports of suicides in Dalmatia that occurred in the period between the two world wars. Words used in headlines were analyzed separately. Suicides were statistically analyzed according to age, gender, method, location, and monthly distribution. Most of the cases were reported during May and June. During 1936 and 1937, there was a rapid increase of suicides in media coverage. There is no evidence that the number of suicides really increased during these years. Statistics show the existence of gender preferences for certain suicide methods. The morning was the most common time of day for suicide in Dalmatia. Newspapers were inappropriate according to today’s WHO instructions. Texts were full of details, the romanticization of suicide and violation of deceased person’s privacy. Results of the research showed that news reports did not cause mass suicide imitations. However, there are cases of individual imitations. In some micro-locations (smaller settlements and their surroundings), there is evidence that some cases were influenced by earlier suicides. However, the time period between original and imitated cases varies from few weeks to ten years. This shows that time is not variable in imitations performed in micro-locations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Bruno Angheben i crkva Sv. Romualda i Svih svetih u Rijeci: prilog istraživanju i valorizaciji.
- Author
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Barković, Julija Lozzi
- Subjects
ART historians ,DECISION making ,SAINTS ,CROATS ,LANDSCAPES - Abstract
Copyright of Ars Adriatica is the property of Sveuciliste u Zadru (University of Zadar) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Vizija budućnosti na tragu prošlosti – transferi političkih ideja na primjeru intelektualnog i revolucionarnog rada Augusta Cesarca.
- Author
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Bakšić, Lucija
- Subjects
WORLD War I ,ANARCHISM ,SOCIAL democracy ,KNOWLEDGE transfer ,INTELLECTUALS ,PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation - Abstract
Copyright of Journal of the Institute of Croatian History / Radovi Zavoda za Hrvatsku Povijest is the property of Zavod za Hrvatsku Povijest, Filozofski Fakultet and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Cooperation in the Field of Public Health and Medicine: Instances of Expert and Knowledge Mobility between Vienna, Zagreb and the Far East.
- Author
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Dugac, Željko
- Subjects
- *
PUBLIC health , *HISTORY of public health , *WORLD War II , *WORLD health , *KNOWLEDGE transfer - Abstract
In this essay the transfer of knowledge and experts between Vienna, Zagreb, inter-war China and the USSR will be analysed through the collaboration between two well-known interwar public health reformers, Austrian Julius Tandler and Croat Andrija Štampar. In the 1930s, they worked in China under the auspices of the League of Nations Health Organization and developed intensive cooperation in the field of public health. Based on the diary records of Andrija Štampar and the preserved archival correspondence, their personal and professional contacts were analysed. The main interest was the exchange of experiences and opinions, as well as their observations about the people and ideas they encountered and the situations in which they found themselves. This essay also tries to shed some light on the milieu in which the notions of public health and social medicine advanced, as well as the multiple external factors which influenced those developments. However, the opportunities for constructive work in the field of public health grew increasingly slim in the political constellation of the time. The League of Nations was losing its power and its health organisation followed suit. The local resistance to foreign influences in China was becoming progressively intense. The ever more severe unrest led the world into World War II and pushed the establishment of an international public health order to the margins for some time to come. However, what remained in memory was a flow of ideas and experiences which was formed in Central and Southeastern Europe and which subsequently tried to make their way far to the East and develop not only local but also general and international qualities. Many of these ideas became the basis for a new world-wide public health system that developed after World War II. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. KNJIŽNIČNA DJELATNOST U VARAŽDINU IZMEĐU DVAJU SVJETSKIH RATOVA.
- Author
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ŽUPANIĆ, SANJA
- Abstract
Copyright of Radovi Zavoda za znanstveni rad Varazdin is the property of Institute for Scientific Work in Varazdin, Croatian Academy of Sciences & Arts and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Security and Intelligence Conditions at the Italian-Yugoslav Border: the Example of Sušak (1929-1941)
- Author
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Krajinović, Ilija and Šute, Ivica
- Subjects
granica ,vojska ,Fascism ,espionage ,HUMANISTIČKE ZNANOSTI. Povijest. Hrvatska i svjetska moderna i suvremena povijest ,smuggling ,Jugoslavija ,interwar period ,Yugoslavia ,fašizam ,Rijeka ,Italy ,Italija ,border ,army ,Sušak ,međuratno razdoblje ,špijunaža ,krijumčarenje ,HUMANISTIC SCIENCES. History. Croatian and World Modern and Contemporary History - Abstract
Ovaj diplomski rad bavi se prilikama koje su prevladavale na talijansko-jugoslavenskoj granici u razdoblju od 1929. do 1941. godine na području Rijeke i Sušaka. To se razdoblje podudara s vremenom kada je bivša država bila preimenovana u Kraljevinu Jugoslaviju. Budući da su Kraljevine Italija i Jugoslavija većinu međuratnog vremena bile u zategnutim diplomatskim odnosima, može se pretpostaviti da su aktivnosti i potreba kontrole državne granice bile na visokoj razini. To je zahtijevalo posebnu pažnju u obrambenoj i sigurnosno-obavještajnoj politici u obje države na području Rijeke i Sušaka. Istraživanje je provedeno kroz perspektivu mikrohistorije, odnosno povijesti svakodnevice. Kako bi učvrstila svoje teritorijalno proširenje, Kraljevina Italija vodila je aktivnu obrambenu politiku uz granicu s Jugoslavijom. Obrambena politika uključivala je organizaciju i ulaganje u vojsku, obrambene utvrde uz granicu te česte vojne manevre. Druga točka bila je obavještajni i protuobavještajni rad Italije i Jugoslavije. Obje Kraljevine ulagale su mnogo financijskih sredstava u špijunažu i sprječavanje strane neprijateljske špijunaže. Unatoč velikom naporu da se osigura granica, ipak postoje podatci o ilegalnim prelascima raznih ljudi preko granice. Neki od najčešće navođenih prebjega bile su istarske izbjeglice, protivnici političkih režima, kako u Italiji (antifašisti), tako i u Jugoslaviji (ustaše, komunisti i dr.). Ilegalni prelasci granice uključivali su i krijumčare koji su nelegalno prenosili trgovačku robu, zabranjene knjige i novine, ljude, oružje, streljivo itd. Ipak, građani gradova Rijeke i Sušaka morali su živjeti svoj život. Mnogi ljudi s prebivalištem uz granicu imali su svoju pograničnu kartu, koja nije mogla biti izdana za sve ljude. Pogranične karte izdavane su najčešće trgovcima, školarcima i radnicima koji su morali prelaziti granicu kako bi došli na posao. Kako bi objasnili situaciju na granici Kraljevine Italije i Jugoslavije bit će riječi o životu građana Rijeke i Sušaka te njihove okolice. Povijesna dokumentacija koja je korištena za potrebe istraživanja ovog diplomskog rada nalazi se u Hrvatskom državnom arhivu u Zagrebu. This master's thesis deals with the conditions that prevailed at the Italian-Yugoslav border in the period from 1929 to 1941 in the area of Rijeka and Sušak. This period coincides with the time when the former country was renamed the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. Since the Kingdoms of Italy and Yugoslavia were in strained diplomatic relations for most of the interwar period, it can be assumed that the activities and the need to control the state border were at a high level. This required special attention in defense, security and intelligence policy in both countries in the area of Rijeka and Sušak. The research was conducted through the perspective of microhistory, that is, the history of everyday life. In order to consolidate its territorial expansion, the Kingdom of Italy conducted an active defense policy along the border with Yugoslavia. The defense policy included the organization and investment in the army, defensive fortifications and frequent military maneuvers along the border. The second point was the intelligence and counterintelligence work of Italy and Yugoslavia. Both Kingdoms invested a great deal of financial resources in espionage and the prevention of foreign enemy espionage. Despite the great effort to secure the border, there are still data on the illegal crossings of various people across the border. Some of the most frequently mentioned defectors were Istrian refugees, opponents of political regimes, both in Italy (anti-fascists) and in Yugoslavia (Ustashas, communists, etc.). Illegal border crossings included smugglers who illegally transported trade goods, banned books and newspapers, people, weapons, ammunition, etc. Nevertheless, the citizens of the cities of Rijeka and Sušak had to live their lives. Many people living near the border had their own border card, which could not be issued to all people. Border cards were issued mostly to merchants, schoolchildren and workers who had to cross the border to get to work. The life of the citizens of Rijeka and Sušak and their surroundings will be discussed in order to explain the situation at the border between the Kingdom of Italy and Yugoslavia. The historical documentation that was used for the purpose of writing this master's thesis is located in the Croatian State Archives in Zagreb.
- Published
- 2022
11. GRADSKA PALAÈA U RIJECI NATJEÈAJNI PROJEKTI, 1939.
- Author
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Lozzi-Barković, Julija
- Subjects
- *
DOCUMENTATION , *BUILDING layout , *CAPITULATIONS , *STANDARDS - Abstract
This article aims to present the archival documentation related to the state competition for the new layout and extension of the city palace in Rijeka from the late 1930s. However, the proposed solutions were never implemented due to the outbreak of the war and capitulation of Italy. The article gives insight into public competitions in the Kingdom of Italy and specifically in Rijeka under the Italian rule between the two World Wars as well as into the competition procedures and regulations harmonized with international standards. It also presents the renowned authors who took part in the competition and whose required political eligibility does not undermine the quality of their projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
12. The Motif of Café in Croatian Art until the End of 1930s
- Author
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Antolović, Monica and Magaš Bilandžić, Lovorka
- Subjects
Caricatures ,zagrebačke kavane ,HUMANISTIC SCIENCES. History of Art. History and Theory of the Fine Arts, Architecture, Urbanism and Visual Communications ,kavana ,Culture ,karikatura ,prijelaz iz 19. u 20. stoljeće ,hrvatska moderna umjetnost ,Café ,Interwar period ,časopisi ,kultura ,Croatian Modern Art ,međuratno razdoblje ,HUMANISTIČKE ZNANOSTI. Povijest umjetnosti. Povijest i teorija likovnih umjetnosti, arhitekture, urbanizma i vizualnih komunikacija ,Zagreb Cafés ,Early 20th Century ,Magazines - Abstract
U ovom diplomskom radu obrađuju se djela hrvatske umjetnosti stvorena u prvim desetljećima 20. stoljeća u kojima se pojavljuje motiv kavane. U prvom dijelu rada daje se povijesni pregled nastanka i značaja kavane kao društvene institucije na početku 20. stoljeća te njezina prihvaćanja u okviru pojedinih europskih kultura. Poseban naglasak stavljen je na zagrebačke kavane zbog važnosti tog grada kao tadašnjega dominantnog žarišta kulture. Likovna djela koja se analiziraju u diplomskom radu kategorizirana su na temelju zajedničke tematske osnove te se ujedno takvom tipologijom detaljnije pojašnjavaju određeni kulturološki fenomeni koji argumentiraju glavnu tezu. U nastavku analiziraju se umjetnički radovi u kojima se kroz motiv kavane odražava moderna svakodnevica u vidu kavanske atmosfere, aktera te u kontekstu sa simbolički srodnim motivom ulice. Unutar poglavlja pojašnjena je veza karikature i motiva deriviranih iz kavanskog svijeta, a obrađuju se karikature i ilustracije objavljene u časopisima Šišmiš, Koprive, Ilustrovani list i Svijet. Zatim se predstavljaju tematske cjeline oprečnih kavanskih fenomena samoće i društvenosti. U okviru tih tematskih cjelina, fenomen kavane analizira se kroz različite kategorije: Prostor kavane i ulica, kavanska svakodnevnica, atmosfera zagrebačkih kavana, akteri zagrebačkih kavana, čitači, umjetnici, mislioci, urbana melankolija, dame u kavani, muška društvenost u kavani, muško-ženski odnosi u kavani, kavanske zabave te usporedba s motivom krčme i kabareta. Unutar navedenih kategorija analiziraju se djela Milana Steinera, Miroslava Kraljevića, Omera Mujadžića, Otona Postružnika, Vjekoslava Paraća, Mencija Cl. Crnčića, Marijana Trepšea i drugih. Ovi su autori svojim individualnim stilovima zabilježili motiv kavane kao važnog djela svakodnevice i mjesta koje je sa svojom slojevitošću ostavilo traga u kulturi i umjetnosti onog doba. This thesis examines various works of Croatian art created in the first decades of the 20th century containing the motif of a coffee shop – a café. The first part of the thesis gives a historic overview of the establishment and overall significance of cafés as social institutions at the beginning of the 20th century, but also their acceptance within certain European cultures. A particular accent is placed upon such cafés in Zagreb, because of this city's relevance at the time as a hotspot of cultural growth. The artworks analysed in this paper are categorized according to a common thematic basis and, through such typology, certain cultural phenomena that contend the main thesis are additionally clarified. Further sections of this thesis analyse the works which mirror the modern day–to–day life in a café setting, the people immersed in it, as well as the symbolically intertwined motif of the street. Within the following chapters, the relation between caricatures and motifs derived from the world existing inside the cafés is clarified and, in addition to that, caricatures and illustrations published in magazines Šišmiš, Koprive, Ilustrovani list and Svijet, are analysed in detail. Moreover, the contrasting thematic units of solitude and sociability occurring within the cafés are evaluated. In regards to these thematic units, the café phenomenon is analysed through various categories: the space of streets and cafés, cafés' inside life, the atmosphere of Zagreb's cafés and the people who savour it, readers, artists, thinkers, urban melancholics, female café – goers, men's social circles, the relationships between men and women in the cafés, café parties and the comparison between a tavern and a cabaret. Within those categories, the works of Milan Steiner, Miroslav Kraljević, Omer Mujadžić, Oton Postružnik, Vjekoslav Parać, Menci Cl. Crnčić, Marijan Trepše and others are being interpreted. These authors, with their individual styles, have documented the notion of the café as a crucial part of everyday life, but also as a place whose many layers have left a permanent mark upon the culture and art of the period.
- Published
- 2022
13. Maritime Dubrovnik 1918. – 1941
- Author
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Dujmić, Daniel, Benić Penava, Marija, and Kozličić, Mithad
- Subjects
udc:94(497.5)(043.3) ,monarhistička Jugoslavija ,maritime affairs ,HUMANISTIC SCIENCES. History ,HUMANISTIČKE ZNANOSTI. Povijest ,Interwar period ,Dubrovnik ,pomorstvo ,gospodarstvo ,međuratno razdoblje ,economy ,monarchist Yugoslavia ,Povijest Hrvatske ,History of Croatia - Abstract
U doktorskom radu analizira se razvoj dubrovačkog pomorstva u razdoblju monarhističke Jugoslavije te njegova povezanost i utjecaj na dubrovačko gospodarstvo. Razvoj pomorstva promatran je u djelovanju dubrovačkih pomorskih poduzeća, dubrovačke luke Gruž i pomorskih obrazovnih institucija u Dubrovniku (dubrovačke pomorske škole „Nautike“ i Pomorske vojne akademije). Istraživanje je temeljeno na arhivskom gradivu pohranjenom u Državnom arhivu u Dubrovniku, Hrvatskom državnom arhivu u Zagrebu, Arhivu Jugoslavije u Beogradu, onodobnom tisku i relevantnoj literaturi. Dubrovačko pomorstvo je i prije Prvog svjetskog rata imalo značajnu ulogu u gospodarstvu Dubrovnika, a tu je ulogu zadržalo i tijekom međuratnog razdoblja. Međutim, u okvirima monarhističke Jugoslavije uvjeti za razvitak pomorstva bili su nepovoljni s obzirom na nerazumijevanje i nezainteresiranost najviših državnih i političkih krugova za pomorska pitanja. Pored toga, i prilike na globalnoj razini imale su negativan učinak na pomorstvo jer je međuratno razdoblje obilježeno razdobljem Velike gospodarske krize (1929. - 1933.) a kriza u svjetskom brodarstvu započela je neposredno nakon Prvog svjetskog rata i trajala je sve do razdoblja konjunkture, neposredno pred Drugi svjetski rat. Dubrovačka pomorska poduzeća su kao glavni nositelj pomorskih aktivnosti poslovala unutar navedenih okvira te su svojim razvojem pridonijela ukupnom razvoju pomorstva tadašnje države. Poduzeća koja su se isticala uspješnim poslovanjem (Dubrovačka parobrodska plovidba i Jugoslavenski Lloyd) bila su ona koja su uživala potporu vladajućih krugova te su za njihov razvitak djelom zaslužne i državne subvencije. Unatoč svemu, dubrovačko pomorstvo tijekom međuratnog razdoblja bilo je jedan od temelja dubrovačkog gospodarstva zapošljavanjem znatnog broja radno sposobnog stanovništva i ulaganjem kapitala stečenog u pomorstvu u ostale gospodarske djelatnosti. Pomorstvo je ujedno pridonijelo i razvoju dubrovačkog turizma, prije svega kruzing turizma koji se kao specifičan oblik turizma etablirao upravo tijekom međuratnog razdoblja i ostao značajan segment turističke ponude Dubrovnika u 21. stoljeću. The dissertation presents an analysis of the development of maritime affairs in Dubrovnik during monarchist Yugoslavia, as well as their connection to and influence on the economy of Dubrovnik. The development of maritime affairs is considered through the operation of Dubrovnik’s shipping companies, the Port of Gruž, and maritime educational institutions in Dubrovnik (the Nautical School of Dubrovnik “Nautika” and the Naval Academy of Dubrovnik). The research is based on archival material found in the National Archives in Dubrovnik, the Croatian State Archives in Zagreb, and the Archives of Yugoslavia in Belgrade, along with material found in contemporary press and relevant literature. Even before World War I, as well as during the Interwar period, maritime affairs had a significant role in the economy of Dubrovnik. However, the conditions for the development of maritime affairs within the context of monarchist Yugoslavia were unfavourable given the lack of understanding and the disinterest of the highest government and political circles regarding maritime affairs. Furthermore, global circumstances also had a negative impact on maritime affairs; the Interwar period was marked by the Great Depression (1929–1933), while global maritime transport saw its own crisis starting immediately after World War I and lasting until the period of conjuncture preceding World War II. Dubrovnik’s shipping companies established themselves as prominent actors within the local framework, and their contribution to the overall national maritime development was significant. Companies noted for their success in business (Dubrovačka parobrodska plovidba and Jugoslavenski Lloyd) enjoyed the support of the ruling establishment, and the extent of their development can partly be attributed to state subsidies. In spite of all circumstances, maritime affairs were a foundational element of the economy of Dubrovnik during the Interwar period due to their significant impact on the employment rate of the working-age population and the investment of the shipping industry capital in other segments of the economy. Maritime affairs also contributed to the development of tourism in Dubrovnik, primarily with cruise tourism establishing itself as a specific form during the Interwar period and remaining an important part of tourism in 21st century Dubrovnik.
- Published
- 2022
14. Hanns Wagula i turistički plakat u Hrvatskoj između dvaju svjetskih ratova.
- Author
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Bilandžić, Lovorka Magaš
- Subjects
TRAVEL posters ,GRAPHIC design ,WAR - Abstract
Copyright of Journal of the Institute of Art History is the property of Radovi Instituta za Povijest Umjetnosti and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2016
15. LIBRARIES IN VARAŽDIN BETWEEN THE TWO WORLD WARS
- Author
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Sanja Županić
- Subjects
Varaždin ,međuratno razdoblje ,knjižnica ,čitaonica ,kultura ,prosvjećivanje ,General Medicine ,interwar period ,libraries ,reading rooms ,culture ,enlightenment - Abstract
U Varaždinu je između dvaju svjetskih ratova postojala intenzivna knjižnična djelatnost. Većina značajnijih knjižnica bila je zatvorenog tipa, a djelovale su u sklopu različitih varaždinskih društava. Društva Narodna čitaonica, Jugoslavensko akademsko društvo „Tomislav“ i Radničko prosvjetno-kulturno društvo „Sloboda“ u međuratnom razdoblju imali su knjižnice te su putem knjiga, novina, časopisa, predavanja i ostalih aktivnosti marljivo radili na širenju kulture i prosvjećivanju Varaždinaca. Kako bi knjige, novine te časopisi postali dostupni i širim društvenim slojevima, početkom 1919. godine osnovana je Gradska pučka knjižnica zahvaljujući inicijativi Gradskoga poglavarstva, Narodne čitaonice i Jugoslavenskog akademskog društva „Tomislav“. Štoviše, neko vrijeme nakon završetka II. svjetskog rata upravo je ujedinjenjem knjižne imovine međuratne Gradske pučke knjižnice, Narodne čitaonice i Radničkog kulturno-umjetničkog društva „Sloboda“ nastala nova institucija imena Knjižnica i čitaonica „Sloboda“., In Varaždin, the period between the two world wars was marked by intense activities involving libraries. The majority of significant libraries were closed stack libraries functioning within various Varaždin societies. During the interwar period the National Reading Room, Yugoslav Academic Society “Tomislav” and Workers’ Educational and Cultural Society “Sloboda” had their own libraries, and through books, newspapers, magazines, lectures and other activities they worked diligently on broadening the culture and education in Varaždin. In order to make books, newspapers and magazines accessible to all society layers the Public Town Library was founded at the beginning of the 19th century due to the initiative of the Town Government, National Reading Room and Yugoslav Academic Society “Tomislav”. Moreover, some time after the end of the Second World War library items belonging to the Public Town Library, National Reading Room and Workers’ Educational and Cultural Society “Sloboda” functioning in the interwar period, were merged for the purpose of founding a new institution named Library and Reading Room “Sloboda”.
- Published
- 2019
16. Tourism in Opatija between the Two World Wars
- Author
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Barić, Jelena and Bratanić, Mateo
- Subjects
Opatija/Abbazia, Italija, turizam, fašizam, međuratno razdoblje, XX. stoljeće ,turizam ,interwar period ,20th century ,fašizam ,HUMANISTIC SCIENCES. History ,HUMANISTIČKE ZNANOSTI. Povijest ,Tourism ,Italy ,udc:338.48(043.3) ,Italija ,Opatija/Abbazia ,fascism ,međuratno razdoblje ,XX. stoljeće - Abstract
U doktorskom radu analizira se turistička djelatnost Opatije tijekom međuratnog razdoblja i pod talijanskom upravom te utjecaj fašističke politike na njezin razvoj. Istraživanje je provedeno na temelju kritičke analize arhivskoga gradiva fondova u Državnom arhivu u Rijeci, Muzeju turizma u Opatiji, onovremenih tiskovina i novije literature koja se dotiče navedene problematike. Po završetku Prvog svjetskog rata pokreću se pregovori oko stvaranja novih državnih granica. Stoljetno nadmetanje talijanske i hrvatske strane za područje istočne obale Jadrana ogledalo se u pregovorima oko Istre, dijela otoka i dalmatinskog područja. Međutim, tajnim ugovorima 1915. godine i pobjedom Antante Italija je priskrbila dijelove istočne jadranske obale. Bez obzira na većinsko slavensko stanovništvo na tim područjima, odlučeno je da će se pripojiti Kraljevini Italiji. Jedno od novoosvojenih talijanskih područja bilo je i područje opatijske općine. Kao mondeno zimsko lječilište i odmaralište srednjoeuropske aristokracije, Opatija je predstavljala jedno od najprosperitetnijih područja Austro-Ugarske Monarhije. Često su je posjećivali srednjoeuropski bogati vlasnici plemićkih i kraljevskih titula, stoga se etablirala kao drugo najpoznatije europsko lječilište. Nakon 1918. godine i raspada Monarhije područje je dospjelo unutar talijanskih granica, što je značilo izmjene u upravi, migraciju stanovništva, izjednačavanje s talijanskim zakonodavstvom, promjenu uporabnog jezika te imena stanovništva i naziva mjesta. Budući da je turizam i prije Prvog svjetskog rata bio vodeća privreda opatijskog područja, njegova obnova nastavila se i tijekom talijanske uprave. Početno slabo ulaganje u razvoj opatijskog turizma i slab promet domaćih i stranih posjetitelja bili su posljedica složenih i nepovoljnih društveno-političkih i gospodarskih uvjeta u poslijeratnim godinama te je opće stanje razvoja i poslovanja opatijske rivijere bilo iznimno loše. Sredinom 1920-ih godina, zahvaljujući poboljšanoj situaciji na europskom kontinentu te postupnom gospodarskom oporavku zemalja iz kojih su dolazili strani turisti, povećava se broj ulaganja, inicijativa i propagandnih aktivnosti u cilju razvoja opatijske turističke privrede. Opatijski turizam slijedio je odrednice tadašnjeg talijanskog turizma na koji je utjecala i fašistička vlast. Opatija je zamišljena kao novo turističko odredište talijanskog stanovništva. Usporedno s time radilo se na jačanju talijanskog identiteta Opatije obilježavanjem najvećih talijanskih proslava, svečanosti i važnih datuma fašističkog kalendara. Poticalo se naseljavanje talijanskog stanovništva kao i izravnije povezivanje sa starim talijanskim pokrajinama. Mnoge pogodnosti i projekti fašističke vlasti, poput uvođenja narodnih vlakova, brojnih popusta i zalaganja pomoćnih fašističkih organizacija, odnosile su se i na opatijsko područje i trebale su povećati domaći turistički promet. No statistički podaci tijekom međuratnog razdoblja ukazuju na veći broj stranih posjetitelja u odnosu na talijanske turiste, što potvrđuje činjenicu da je Opatija, unatoč brojnim mjerama fašističke vlade, ostala međunarodno turističko odredište. Sustav je dozvoljavao takav razvoj situacije jer su strane valute bile značajne za razvoj područja i oporavak državnoga gospodarstva i navedeno ukazuje na ambivalentnost turističke politike unutar fašističkog političkog sustava. Lokalna vlast nastojala je raznim projektima oživjeti opatijsku rivijeru te propagandnim aktivnostima i planiranjem raznolikih manifestacija povećati turistički promet mjesta, dok su se potezi središnje vlasti prema opatijskom turizmu ogledali u povremenoj financijskoj pomoći, pokretanju raznih inicijativa za povećanje turističkog prometa na područja istočne talijanske granice te organiziranju različitih državnih i međunarodnih skupova. Zakonska regulativa koja se odnosila na turizam ograničavala je financijske mogućnosti turističke uprave, a posebno negativne konotacije na opatijski turizam imalo je donošenje protužidovskih zakona krajem tridesetih godina jer su Opatiju u velikom broju posjećivali strani turisti židovske vjeroispovijesti i u samom su gradu živjele židovske obitelji koje su dale veliki doprinos razvoju opatijskog turizma. Unatoč brojnim izazovima, nepovoljnoj gospodarskoj i političkoj situaciji te nedostatku financijskih ulaganja i potpore središnje vlasti, promišljali su se obnova i daljnji napredak opatijskog turizma. Fašistička je vlast svojim vrijednostima i zakonodavstvom utjecala na smjer opatijskog turizma, iako su se smjernice mijenjale radi gospodarskih potreba i zahtjeva. This doctoral thesis contains an analysis of tourism activities in Opatija during the interwar period and under Italian governance, as well as the effect of fascist politics on the city's development. The research conducted was based on a critical analysis of archival materials in the State Archives in Rijeka, the Croatian Museum of Tourism in Opatija, periodicals from that era and more recent literature pertaining to the subject matter. At the end of World War I negotiations had started about creating new country borders. The struggle between Italy and Croatia for the eastern coast of the Adriatic had been going on for a century and continued with negotiations regarding Istria, a number of islands and parts of Dalmatia. However, through secret contracts from 1915 and the victory of the Triple Entente, Italy took possession of parts of the eastern Adriatic coast. Regardless of the majority Slavic population in the area, the decision was made to annex the territory to the Kingdom of Italy. One of the newly conquered Italian territories was the Municipality of Opatija. As a fashionable winter spa and vacation spot for Central European aristocracy, Opatija represented one of the most prosperous parts of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. It was often visited by rich Central European nobility and royalty, so it became renowned as the second most famous European spa resort. After 1918 and the fall of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the territory fell within Italian borders which meant changes in management, population migration, adjustment to Italian laws, change of the language in use, changes in citizen and toponym names. As tourism had already been the leading economic activity of the Opatija region before World War I, its revitalisation also continued during Italian governance. The initial low investments in the development of tourism in Opatija, as well as low traffic by domestic and foreign guests was the results of complex and unfavourable socio-political and economic conditions in the post-war years. The general state of development and business of the Opatija Riviera was also particularly poor. In the mid 1920s, thanks to the improvement of the situation in Europe and the gradual economic recovery of countries from which foreign tourists had been arriving, the amount of investments, initiatives and marketing activities with the purpose of developing tourism in Opatija had increased. Tourism in Opatija followed the guidelines of Italian tourism at the time which was under the influence of the fascist government. Opatija was envisioned as a new tourist destination for Italians. At the same time, the Italian identity of Opatija was strengthened by marking the most important Italian celebrations, ceremonies and important dates in the fascist calendar. Italian immigration was encouraged, as well as more direct connections with old Italian regions. Many benefits and projects of the fascist government, such as the introduction of national trains, numerous subsidies and intercessions by adjunct fascist organisations, also pertained to the area of Opatija and was supposed to increase domestic tourism traffic. Statistical data of the interwar period, however, suggests a greater number of foreign than Italian visitors, which confirms that Opatija remained an international tourist destination regardless of the measures taken by the fascist government. The system allowed such a situation to develop as foreign currency was significant for the development of the area and the recovery of the national economy. This additional points towards an ambivalence in tourism policies within the fascist political regime. Local government used various projects in an attempt to revitalize the Opatija Riviera, conducted propaganda activities and planned diverse festivals to increase tourism traffic in the city, while the central government's contributions to tourism in Opatija were noted as occasional financial aid, establishing different initiatives to increase tourism traffic on the eastern border of Italy, as well as hosting many state and international assemblies. The legal framework pertaining to tourism limited the financial options of the tourism management, and particularly negative connotations struck tourism in Opatija following the enactment of anti-Semitic laws at the end of the 1930s as Opatija was visited by a large number of foreign Jewish tourists. Additionally, there were Jewish families living in Opatija who greatly contributed to the development of its tourism. Despite many challenges, an unfavourable economic and political situation, as well as a lack of financial investments and support from the central government, the revitalisation and further improvement of tourism in Opatija was nevertheless considered. The values and legislation of the fascist government impacted the direction of tourism in Opatija, although the guidelines changed in accordance with economic needs and demands.
- Published
- 2021
17. Likovna i izlagačka djelatnost u međuratnom razdoblju na području Rijeke
- Author
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Gržinić, Graziella and Mlikota, Antonija
- Subjects
likovna scena ,exhibition activity ,izlagačka djelatnost ,HUMANISTIC SCIENCES. History of Art. History and Theory of the Fine Arts, Architecture, Urbanism and Visual Communications ,interwar period ,međuratno razdoblje ,Galerija moderne umjetnosti Rijeka ,HUMANISTIČKE ZNANOSTI. Povijest umjetnosti. Povijest i teorija likovnih umjetnosti, arhitekture, urbanizma i vizualnih komunikacija ,Gallery of Modern Art Rijeka ,art scene ,Rijeka - Abstract
Okosnica rada temelji se na likovnoj i izlagačkoj djelatnosti u Rijeci, u razdoblju između dva svjetska rata, odnosno u periodu od 1919. i dolaska G. D´Annunzija u grad do 1939. godine i početka Drugog svjetskog rata. Ovaj je period nerazdvojiv od svojeg povijesnog konteksta koji je u neposrednim poratnim godinama bio obilježen brojnim turbulencijama u kojima glavnu ulogu igra karizmatska osoba pjesnika-vojnika Gabriela D´Annunzija. Za njim u Rijeku dolaze i brojni avanturisti, ekscentrici te umjetnici-futuristi koji, iako ne ostavljaju značajne likovne radove, obilježavaju kratki i burni riječki futuristički trenutak. Za razliku od ovog kaotičnog razdoblja, aneksijom Rijeke Italiji 1924. godine situacija u gradu se vidno smiruje, što je uz osnivanje Umjetničkog sindikata značilo pozitivni poticaj za razvoj organizirane likovne i izlagačke djelatnosti. Likovna scena se u svakom smislu budi, a dolaskom mladih umjetnika s raznih europskih studija, dobiva novu avangardnu struju, pored već postojećih tradicionalista. Među njima se svakako istakla avangardna četvorka – R. Venucci, L. de Gauss, M. Arnold i M. Raicich koji su uzdrmali tadašnju likovnu scenu. Usporedno s likovnim, događa se i izlagački uzlet, kada se pod organizacijom Umjetničkog sindikata Kvarnera organiziraju sindikalne izložbe, ali i međuprovincijalne, državne i međunarodne. Na taj su način umjetnici dobili mogućnost prepoznavanja i na široj likovnoj sceni od one riječke, a publika mogućnost upoznavanja sa suvremenim likovnim tendencijama. Najveći problem koji je pratio izlagačku djelatnost bio je specijalizirani izložbeni prostor kojeg Rijeka nije posjedovala, a iako je postojala inicijativa za osnivanjem Galerije moderne umjetnosti koja bi sakupljala i izlagala djela riječkih i talijanskih umjetnika, ona nije provedena u djelo. The framework of the work is based on art and exhibition activities in Rijeka, in the period between the two world wars, i.e. in the period from 1919. and the arrival of D´Annunzio in the city until 1939. and the beginning of the Second World War. This period is inseparable from its historical context, which in the immediate postwar years was marked by numerous turbulences in which the main role is played by the charismatic person of the poet-soldier Gabriele D´Annunzio. He was followed in Rijeka by numerous adventurers, eccentrics and futurist artists who, although they do not leave significant works of art, mark a short and turbulent futuristic moment in Rijeka. In contrast to this chaotic period, with the Italian annexation in 1924., the situation in the city visibly calmed down, which with the establishment of the Art Union meant a positive stimulus for the development of organized art and exhibition activities. The art scene is awakening in every sense, and with the arrival of young artists from various European studies, it is gaining a new, avant-garde current, in addition to the already existing traditionalists. Among them, certainly stood out the avant-garde quartet – R. Venucci, L. de Gauss, M. Arnold and M. Raicich, who shook up the art scene at the time. Along with art, there is an exhibition ascent, when under the organization of the Art Union of Kvarner are organized union exhibitions, but also interprovincial, national and international ones. In this way, artists were given the opportunity to be recognized on a larger art scene than the one in Rijeka, and the audience was given the opportunity to get acquainted with contemporary art tendencies. The biggest problem that accompanied the exhibition activity was the specialized exhibition space that Rijeka did not own, and although there was an initiative to establish a Gallery of Modern Art that would collect and exhibit works by Rijeka and Italian artists, it was not implemented.
- Published
- 2020
18. Italian communist party in the interwar Pula
- Author
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Revelante, Stefano and Milovan Delić, Iva
- Subjects
HUMANISTIČKE ZNANOSTI. Povijest. Hrvatska i svjetska moderna i suvremena povijest ,interwar period ,CPI ,komunizam ,fašizam ,fascism ,međuratno razdoblje ,Pula ,communism ,HUMANISTIC SCIENCES. History. Croatian and World Modern and Contemporary History ,KPI - Abstract
Diplomski rad, temeljen na induktivno-istraživačkom pristupu, analizira razvoj komunističke ideologije u kontekstu međuratnog razdoblja na području Pule kao dijela Julijske Krajine. Radi boljeg razumijevanja ideologije, prati se raniji povijesni razvoj socijalizma, prvo teorijski među intelektualcima-ideolozima, a kasnije praktički među radničkom klasom, sve do rascjepa zbog neslaganja između liberalnog i ekstremnog krila partije. Vrlo brz industrijski razvoj grada na kraju 19. stoljeća drastično mijenja ekonomski identitet grada. Odredbe konferencija u St. Germainu i Trianonu na kraju Prvog svjetskog rata predstavljaju drugu veliku promjenu za Pulu, ovaj put političkoteritorijalnu. Naizgled, socijalizam prevladava u prvim godinama međuraća, što je vidljivo u takozvanom „Biennio Rosso“. Međutim, brzi rast kroz terorističke aktivnosti fašizma retorikom objedinjenom u sintagmi „vittoria mutilata“ i pasivnost socijalista, dovode prvo do slabljenja i rascjepa komunista a na koncu do komadanja preostalih socijalista na području Pule u sklopu Italije. Dok su socijalisti u krizi, fašisti jačaju iz dana u dan. Podržani od strane kraljevske vlasti, zasljepljenje mržnjom prema socijalistima, fašisti uspijevaju prvo kroz teror, potom i zauzimanjem vlasti pa na koncu tranzicijom iz parlamentarne monarhije u diktatorski režim 1926. godine kroz takozvani paket zakona „Leggi fascistissime“ ostvariti svoje zacrtane ciljeve. Od 1927. godine komunisti ilegalno djeluju i pokušavaju uzdići radničke mase ali i ruralno seljaštvo te ih motivirati na borbu protiv režima. Komunisti Pule uporno se bore sve do kraja 1937. godine, kada je uhićen cijeli tadašnji partijski kadar. Prvi dio istraživanja obuhvaća povijesni kontekst i opisuje povijesno-političke promjene značajne za Pulu. Drugi dio prati razvoj ekstremnog krila socijalista u prvim godinama međuratnog razdoblja kroz tri razine; nacionalno-internacionalnu, regionalnu te naposljetku gradsku, koja je u stanovitom smislu središnji dio ovoga rada. Treći dio oslanja se na na isti model te prikazuje prve godine KPI, od početka 1922. do kraja parlamentarizma 1926. godine. Četvrti dio nastavlja sa najbitnijim događajima u režimskom razdoblju sve do 1938. godine. Zaključno poglavlje pokazuje kako je čitav kontekst borbe veći od samog rodnog kraja, spominjući sudjelovanje Puljana u Španjolskom građanskom ratu u borbi protiv "falangista". The thesis, based on an inductive research approach, analyses the development of communist ideology in the context of the interwar period in the area of Pula as part of the Julian Region. For a better understanding of the ideology, the earlier historical development of socialism is followed first theoretically among intellectuals and later practically among the working class, all the way to the rift due to disagreements between the liberal and extreme wing of the party. The very rapid industrial development of the city at the end of the 19th century drastically changed the economic identity of the city. Provisions of the conferences in St. Germain and Triannon at the end of the First World War represent another major change for Pula, this time in a political-territorial way. While the socialists are in crisis, the fascists are getting stronger by the day. Supported by the royal government, blinded by hatred of the Socialists, the fascists succeeded first through terror, then by seizing power and finally by transitioning Italy from a parliamentary monarchy to a dictatorial regime in 1926 through the so-called “Leggi fascistissime” law package. From 1927 onwards, the Communists acted illegally and tried to uplift the bourgeois working masses but also the rural peasantry against the regime. The communists of Pula fought persistently until the end of 1937, when the entire party cadre was arrested. The first part of the research covers the development, i.e. a kind of introduction, describes the historical context and the already mentioned changes for Pula. The second part follows the development of the extreme wing of the Socialists in the first years of the interwar period through three levels, national-international of Italy, regional of Julian Region and urban of Pula, which is the central part of this paper. Furthermore, the third part goes on the same model and shows the first years of the CPI, from the beginning of 1922 until the end of parliamentarism in 1926. The fourth part continues with the events in the regime period until 1938. The last chapter shows that the context of the struggle is larger than the one of homeland itself, that is, the participation of some communists from Pula in the Spanish Civil War fighting against the Falangists.
- Published
- 2020
19. Prikaz svakodnevnog života na Labinštini u razdoblju fašističke diktature
- Author
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Dobrić, Lara, Orlić, Mila, Dukovski, Darko, and Roknić Bežanić, Andrea
- Subjects
Interwar period ,Labin ,Istra ,fascism ,fašizam ,međuratno razdoblje ,identitet ,identity - Abstract
Fašistički je režim ostavio dubok trag na istarskom poluotoku i na samom istarskom čovjeku. Ovaj diplomski rad bavi se analizom svakodnevnog života na području Labinštine između dva svjetska rata, te načinima putem kojih je režim kao takav utjecao na stanovništvo. Uz pomoć analizirane stručne literature (knjiga i članaka), arhivske građe, periodike i obavljenih intervjua prikazat će se razvoj kulturalnog, socijalnog i gospodarskog životnog procesa, uzimajući u obzir nasilnu talijanizaciju, koja je uslijedila nakon 1918. godine, i njen utjecaj na lokalno stanovništvo. Rad se dotiče i tema nacionalnih i kulturnih identiteta, njihovih fluidnosti te „nacionalne indiferentnosti“ lokalnog stanovništva., Il regime fascista ha lasciato un segno profondo nella storia della penisola istriana e sugli istriani stessi. Questa tesi di laurea analizza la vita quotidiana nei dintorni della città d'Albona tra le due guerre mondiali e l'influenza del regime fascista sul popolo istriano. Attraverso l'analisi della bibliografia (libri e articoli), materiale d'archivio, periodici e interviste svolte, la presente ricerca si focalizza sullo sviluppo culturale, sociale ed economico, prendendo in considerazione l'italianizzazione violenta che seguì dopo il 1918 e l’impatto che ha lasciato sulla popolazione locale. La ricerca si occupa anche dei temi delle identità nazionali e culturali e della loro fluidità, ma anche dell’„indifferenza nazionale“ della popolazione locale., The fascist regime lefta deep impact on the Istrian peninsula and the Istrianman himself. This thesis deals with the analysis of everyday life in the town of Labin/Albona and it's surrounding area betweenthetwoWorld Wars, and the ways in which the regime as such affected the population. With the help of analyzed professional literature (books and articles), archive material, periodicals and interviews, the development of cultural, social and economic life process will be presented, taking into consideration teh violent Italianization that followed after 1918 and what mark it left on the local population.The paper also touches on the topic of national and cultural identities, their fluidity and „national indifference“ of the local population.
- Published
- 2020
20. City Palace in Rijeka; Competition Projects, 1939
- Author
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Julija Lozzi-Barković
- Subjects
Urban Studies ,Physics ,city palace ,interwar period ,competition projects ,Rijeka ,1939 ,Visual Arts and Performing Arts ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Architecture ,gradska palača ,međuratno razdoblje ,natječajni projekti ,Humanities - Abstract
Članak sveobuhvatno prezentira arhivsku dokumentaciju vezanu za državni natječaj za građevinsku sistematizaciju gradske palače u Rijeci s kraja tridesetih godina 20. stoljeća, kojeg rezultati zbog početka rata i kapitulacije Italije nisu ostvareni. U radu se govori o načinu funkcioniranja javnih natječaja u Kraljevini Italiji, odnosno Rijeci koja je u međuratno doba pod talijanskom upravom, zatim o natječajnoj proceduri i propozicijama usklaðenim s meðunarodnim kriterijima, te o participaciji značajnih autorskih imena na nacionalnoj (talijanskoj) razini, kojih uvjetovana politička podobnost ne umanjuje kvalitetu njihovih projektnih rješenja., This article aims to present the archival documentation related to the state competition for the new layout and extension of the city palace in Rijeka from the late 1930s. However, the proposed solutions were never implemented due to the outbreak of the war and capitulation of Italy. The article gives insight into public competitions in the Kingdom of Italy and specifically in Rijeka under the Italian rule between the two World Wars as well as into the competition procedures and regulations harmonized with international standards. It also presents the renowned authors who took part in the competition and whose required political eligibility does not undermine the quality of their projects.
- Published
- 2017
21. Habsburg Monarchy in the Memoirs of Austrian Writers (Summary)
- Author
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Kristina Hlopec
- Subjects
Austro-Hungarian Monarchy ,interwar period ,literature ,Robert Musil ,Joseph Roth ,Stefan Zweig ,Austro-Ugarska Monarhija ,međuratno razdoblje ,književnost - Abstract
Književnici Robert Musil, Joseph Roth i Stefan Zweig u svojim su djelima probudili sjećanja na Austro-Ugarsku Monarhiju nekoliko desetljeća nakon njenog raspada. Radi se o fikcionalnim djelima, no njihovi tekstovi prožeti su reminiscencijama koje nam nude uvid u razmatranja intelektualaca o bivšoj Monarhiji, u okviru burnog međuratnog vremena koje je uslijedilo nakon njena pada. U svojim će djelima, koristeći ironiju, podrugljivost, vlastito iskustvo i nostalgične osjećaje, ući u sve pore Monarhije i sagledati ju iz originalnih kutova koristeći metode koje će svoj odraz naći i u historiografskim djelima., In their works, writers Robert Musil, Joseph Roth and Stefan Zweig have brought back memories of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy several decades after its dissolution, during the tumultuous period between the two wars. Even though fiction, their texts are imbued with images of the past that offer us insight into the intellectuals’ view of the former Monarchy. By using irony, nostalgia and their own experience, they thoroughly examined the Monarchy and shed a new light on it; in turn, their methods will be used in historiography books.
- Published
- 2019
22. Suradnja u području javnog zdravlja i medicine: primjeri transera znanja i stručnjaka između Beča, Zagreba i Dalekog istoka
- Author
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Željko Dugac
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Julius Tandler ,Andrija Štampar ,China ,interwar period ,history of medicine ,history of public health ,Public health ,Political science ,Field (Bourdieu) ,medicine ,General Medicine ,Kina ,međuratno razdoblje ,povijest medicine ,povijest javnog zdravstva ,Public administration ,Far East - Abstract
In this essay the transfer of knowledge and experts between Vienna, Zagreb, inter-war China and the USSR will be analysed through the collaboration between two well-known interwar public health reformers, Aus- trian Julius Tandler and Croat Andrija Štampar. In the 1930s, they worked in China under the auspices of the League of Nations Health Organization and developed intensive cooperation in the field of public health. Based on the diary records of Andrija Štampar and the preserved archival correspondence, their personal and professional contacts were analysed. The main interest was the exchange of experiences and opinions, as well as their observations about the people and ideas they encountered and the situations in which they found themselves. This essay also tries to shed some light on the milieu in which the notions of public health and social medicine advanced, as well as the multiple external factors which influenced those developments. However, the opportunities for constructive work in the field of public health grew increasingly slim in the political constellation of the time. The League of Nations was losing its power and its health organisation followed suit. The local resistance to foreign influences in China was becoming progressively intense. The ever more severe unrest led the world into World War II and pushed the establishment of an international public health order to the margins for some time to come. However, what remained in memory was a flow of ideas and experiences which was formed in Central and Southeastern Europe and which subsequently tried to make their way far to the East and develop not only local but also general and international qualities. Many of these ideas became the basis for a new world-wide public health system that developed after World War II., U ovom su radu predstavljeni transfer znanja i stručnjaka između Beča, Zagreba, međuratne Kine i SSSR-a kroz suradnju dvaju poznatih međuratnih reformatora javnog zdravstva, Austrijanca Juliusa Tandlera i Hrvata Andrije Štampara. Ta su dva javnozdravstvena stručnjaka 1930-tih radili u Kini pod pokroviteljstvom Zdravstvene organizacije Lige naroda i razvijali intenzivnu suradnju u području javnog zdravstva i medicinske nastave. Na temelju dnevničkih zapisa Andrije Štampara i sačuvane arhivske korespondencije analizirani su njihovi osobni i profesionalni kontakti. Glavno zanimanje ovog rada se veže uz razmjenu njihovih iskustava i mišljenja, kao i njihova zapažanja o ljudima i idejama s kojima su se susreli te situacijama u kojima su se našli. Ovaj rad također pokušava osvijetliti milje u kojem su se javno zdravstvene i socijalno medicinske ideje razvijale kao i vanjske čimbenika, nevezane uz samu struku, koji su utjecali na njih. Krajem 30-tih godina 20. stoljeća prilike za konstruktivan rad na području javnog zdravstva postajale su sve slabije a pod utjecajem tadašnje političke konstelacije i gubita utjecaja Lige naroda. Lokalni otpor stranim utjecajima u Kini postajao je sve intenzivniji. Sve oštriji nemiri vodili su svijet u Drugi svjetski rat i gurnuli uspostavljanje međunarod- nog javnozdravstvenog poretka u posve drugi plan. Međutim, ono što je ostalo u naslijeđe je bio protok ideja i iskustava koji je zahvatio ne samo lokalno područje Srednje i Jugoistočne Europe već se proširio sve do područja Dalekog istoka. Mnoge od tih ideja postale su temelj novog svjetskog javnog zdravstvenog sustava koji se razvio nakon Drugog svjetskog rata.
- Published
- 2019
23. Plakati Zagrebačkog zbora u međuratnom razdoblju (1922.-1940.): prilog povijesti hrvatskoga grafičkog dizajna.
- Author
-
Bilandžić, Lovorka Magaš
- Abstract
Copyright of Peristil is the property of Drustvo Povjesnicara Umjetnosti Hrvatske (Croatian Society of Art Historians) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
24. Filozofske teme i filozofi u časopisu Nova revija(1922. - 1941.)
- Author
-
Ivan Macut
- Subjects
Nova Revija ,Croatian philosophical heritage ,interwar period ,Petar Grabić ,Church ,Nova revija ,hrvatska filozofska baština ,međuratno razdoblje ,Crkva - Abstract
U radu istražujemo filozofske teme i filozofe koji su objavljivali svoje tekstove u časopisu ‘Nova revija’, koji je izlazio od 1922. do 1941. godine. Budući da u razdoblju između dva svjetska rata u Hrvatskoj nije postojao časopis koji bi bio namijenjen izrazito filozofiji, hrvatski su (crkveni) filozofi svoje filozofske priloge objavljivali u teološkim časopisima otvorenima i za suradnju iz filozofije te u drugim tjednicima i mjesečnicima. Ta činjenica istraživačima hrvatske filozofije uvelike otežava posao popisivanja i sustavnog analiziranja hrvatske filozofske baštine tog razdoblja. Rad je podijeljen u četiri dijela. U prvom dijelu donosimo nekoliko povijesnih bilježaka o nastanku časopisa ‘Nova revija’. Drugi dio donosi detaljnu bibliografiju svih filozofskih članaka. reći dio rada donosi kratku analizu filozofskih tekstova u nekoliko različitih kategorija, a četvrti dio biografije autora koji su svoje filozofske tekstove objavili u ‘Novoj reviji’., In this paper we research philosophical topics and philosophers who published their texts in the journal „Nova Revija”, which was published from 1922 to 1941. Since there were no journals in Croatia between the two world wars distinctly intended for philosophy, Croatian (church) philosophers published their philosophic contributions in theological magazines open for cooperation in philosophy, as well as in other weeklies and monthlies. This fact greatly aggravates the work of Croatian philosophy researchers to list and systematically analyze the Croatian philosophical heritage of that period. The paper is divided into four parts. In the first part we present a few historical notes about the emergence of the journal „Nova Revija”. The second part brings out a detailed bibliography of all philosophical articles. The third part presents a brief analysis of philosophical texts in several different categories, and the fourth part gives the biographies of the authors who published their texts in „Nova Revija”.
- Published
- 2018
25. Sergije Glumac i vizualni identitet Prve hrvatske tvornice ulja u 1930-ima
- Author
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Lovorka Magaš Bilandžić
- Subjects
graphic design ,advertising ,Sergije Glumac ,First Croatian Oil Factory ,Zagreb Red Star Oil ,the Aleksander family ,food industry ,interwar period ,grafički dizajn ,reklama ,Prva hrvatska tvornica ulja ,zagrebačko ulje Crvena zvijezda ,obitelj Aleksander ,prehrambena industrija ,međuratno razdoblje - Abstract
U članku se na osnovi arhivske dokumentacije, sačuvanih skica, plakata i ostale građe analizira razgranata i intenzivna suradnja grafičkog dizajnera Sergija Glumca s Prvom hrvatskom tvornicom ulja. Razmatra se Glumčeva značajna uloga u koordiniranju cjelokupne propagandne djelatnosti tvornice i oblikovanju njezina modernoga vizualnog identiteta te doprinos oglašavanju prehrambene industrije u Hrvatskoj tijekom međuratnog razdoblja., On the basis of archival records, correspondence and preserved sketches, posters and other material, the paper analyses the broad and intense collaboration of graphic artist and graphic and stage designer Sergije Glumac with the First Croatian Oil Factory (est. 1916) owned by the prominent Jewish family Aleksander. During the 1930s, Glumac designed the Factory’s distinct visual identity and coordinated its entire advertising activities – from product placement by means of intense advertising to designing exhibition spaces and organizing displays at important commercial exhibitions (Zagreb Fair, Ljubljana Fair). The modernity and purity of visual expression, message structuring and construction of connotative meanings distinguished his creations from the design which accompanied other oil products (e. g. Riviera, Meinl) advertised in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia during the interwar period. Glumac was familiar with international models (Réne Clarke) and successfully reinterpreted the conventional motifs used in oil-related advertising (e. g. oil pouring). His designs varied from stylized sketches with elements of avant-garde tendencies and existing modern posters to conventional solutions focused on skilful, realistic drawing and accentuated colour. He applied different marketing techniques in the creation of a product’s image, emphasized oil quality, its health advantages and good value for money. Glumac’s graphic design and his coordination of an intense several-month-long advertising campaign entitled “Cooking with oil” realized in 1934 in various forms (from conventional advertising to cinema ads and personalized approach) bear witness to the broad range of his activities and his significant contribution to Croatian food industry advertising during the interwar period.
- Published
- 2016
26. Posters of the Zagreb Fair in the Interwar Period (1922–1940) – a Contribution to the History of Croatian Graphic Design
- Author
-
Lovorka Magaš Bilandžić
- Subjects
graphic design ,poster ,interwar period ,Zagreb Fair (Zagrebački zbor) ,Kornel Becić ,Malvine Egersdorfer ,Marcel Fišer ,Zvonimir Lenard ,grafički dizajn ,plakat ,međuratno razdoblje ,Zagrebački zbor - Abstract
U radu se na osnovi arhivske i periodične građe razmatra uloga Zagrebačkog zbora u promoviranju grafičkog dizajna i reklame, donosi tipologija zborskih plakata i interpretira doprinos autorskih osobnosti koje dosad nisu bile identificirane u povijesti hrvatskoga grafičkog dizajna. Korpus poznatih plakata nadopunjuje se dosad neobjavljenim rješenjima koja se promatraju kao reprezentativni primjeri vizualne kulture svoga vremena., The Zagreb Fair (Zagrebački zbor) had a prominent role in the history of visual communications in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes / Yugoslavia in the period between the two World Wars, both on practical and theoretical level. Between 1922 and 1940 the Fair commissioned over sixty posters for its spring and autumn fairs and accompanying exhibitions, which varied from traditional, illustrative and narrative to those based on patterns characteristic of commercial events throughout Europe, or posters designed by artists who reinterpreted avant-garde language, aesthetics of Art Deco or Classicist paradigm. The process of poster commission changed over the years, and the Fair gave significant attention to visual presentation of events both in the country and abroad, assigning the decisions related to various segments of its marketing activity to the Executive Board. Posters for the Fair were designed by distinguished graphic designers of the period (S. Glumac, O. Antonini, E. Vičić, members of the Atelier Tri and others), but also students of the Royal Academy of Arts and Crafts and today forgotten graphic artists such as Kornel Becić, Marcel Fišer, Malvine Egersdorfer and Zvonimir Lenard. Becić was the author of attractive and effective designs comparable to popular iconography and Disney aesthetics, Fišer introduced features of other media (film and photography) to graphic design, while Egersdorfer and Lenard embodied Art Deco fascination with speed and movement in their respective ways. On the basis of archival records and press reports the article discusses the role of the Zagreb Fair in the promotion of graphic design and advertising, introduces a typology of the Fair’s posters and interprets the contribution of artistic personalities heretofore unidentified in the history of Croatian graphic design, increasing the corpus of known posters by unpublished designs analysed as emblematic examples of visual culture of the period.
- Published
- 2014
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