Search

We present in situ measurements of spectrally resolved X-ray scattering and X-ray diffraction from monocrystalline diamond samples heated with an intense pulse of heavy ions. In this way, we determine the samples' heating dynamics and their microscopic and macroscopic structural integrity over a timespan of several microseconds. Connecting the ratio of elastic to inelastic scattering with state-of-the-art density functional theory molecular dynamics simulations allows the inference of average temperatures around 1300 K, in agreement with predictions from stopping power calculations. The simultaneous diffraction measurements show no hints of any volumetric graphitization of the material, but do indicate the onset of fracture in the diamond sample. Our experiments pave the way for future studies at the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research, where a substantially increased intensity of the heavy ion beam will be available. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Early Experiments at FAIR in 2018 - 2022 suggested by the HEDgeHOB collaboration in the field of non-ideal plasma physics are discussed. Specific energies of 5-10 kJ/g, pressures of 1-2 GPa and temperatures of 1-2 eV are expected to be reached in the substance at the first experiments with a U+28 beam with the energy of 0.2 AGeV and maximal intensity 3 · 1010 per impulse. It will provide the possibility to investigate the two phase region including the critical point of several metals in HIHEX (Heavy Ion Heating and EXpansion) experiments with the plane and cylindrical geometry, realizing regimes of quasi-isochoric heating, isentropic expansion and compression when the flow strikes the target. Analysis of thermal radiation transfer will give information on the vaporization dynamics. Measurements of electrical conductivity and optical properties on the supercritical adiabat will disclose information on the insulator to metal transition under these conditions. (© 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, a new high energy proton microscopy facility PRIOR (Proton Microscope for FAIR Facility for Anti-proton and Ion Research) has been designed, constructed, and successfully commissioned at GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung (Darmstadt, Germany). As a result of the experiments with 3.5-4.5 GeV proton beams delivered by the heavy ion synchrotron SIS-18 of GSI, 30 μm spatial and 10 ns temporal resolutions of the proton microscope have been demonstrated. A new pulsed power setup for studying properties of matter under extremes has been developed for the dynamic commissioning of the PRIOR facility. This paper describes the PRIOR setup as well as the results of the first static and dynamic proton radiography experiments performed at GSI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

FAIR with its intense beams of ions and antiprotons provides outstanding and worldwide unique experimental conditions for extreme matter research in atomic and plasma physics and for application oriented research in biophysics, medical physics and materials science. The associated research programs comprise interaction of matter with highest electromagnetic fields, properties of plasmas and of solid matter under extreme pressure, density, and temperature conditions, simulation of galactic cosmic radiation, research in nanoscience and charged particle radiotherapy. A broad variety of APPA-dedicated facilities including experimental stations, storage rings, and traps, equipped with most sophisticated instrumentation will allow the APPA community to tackle new challenges. The worldwide most intense source of slow antiprotons will expand the scope of APPA related research to the exciting field of antimatter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The experiments on matter under extreme conditions of density and temperature which are proposed by the HED@FAIR plasma physics collaboration at the new accelerator facility FAIR in Darmstadt, Germany require a strong final focusing system for energetic heavy ion beams. The main components of this system are four wide-aperture quadrupoles which have to provide a millimeter-size focal spot at the target. These superconducting magnets have 33 T/m central gradient with the inner aperture diameter of 240 mm and the magnetic length of 2 m. While designing the magnets, it has turned out that the magnet's aperture shall be increased to 260 mm, and the design distance between the magnet's centers of 2.5 m cannot be kept. Therefore it was necessary to reduce the physical length of the magnets and correspondingly, to compensate the integral field gradient by increasing the current. New requirements led to the development of a new magnets geometry which is presented along with parameters of the correction system and considerations about the magnet's cooling system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]