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Magnetically recyclable Cr complex was synthesized by immobilizing Cr3(CH3COO)7(OH)2 onto the surface of amino modified Fe3O4 particles. The structure of the catalyst was well characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Transmission electron microscope (TEM), Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Thermal gravity analysis (TG-ATG), Wide-angle X-ray Diffractometry (XRD) and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). The prepared catalyst showed good catalytic performance in the conversion of glucose to HMF in acidic task specific ionic liquid (TSIL). Moreover, the catalyst could be magnetically recovered and for successive six runs without significant decrease in its activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT A novel method to synthesize alkylated chitosan with [Bmim]OH basic ionic liquid as alkaline reagent is reported for the first time. Chitosan was alkalized by [Bmim]OH basic ionic liquid before it was reacted with various alkyl halides, and a series of alkylated chitosans with different carbon chain substituents were prepared. The structure of alkylated product was characterized by IR, 1H-NMR, and XRD. The reusability of the ionic liquid was also investigated, and the experimental results indicated that there was no noticeable change for the degree of substitution (DS) of alkylated chitosan after the ionic liquid was reused for three times. The antibacterial activities of the target products were investigated according their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, E. aerogenes, E. coil, S. epidermidis, and S. aureus, and the results indicated that E-CTS, B-CTS, and D-CTS could exhibit excellent antibacterial activities against P. aeruginosa, and their MIC were 128, 128, and 256 μg mL−1, respectively. Meanwhile, the antibacterial activities of alkylted chitosans were decreased with the growth of the DS or the growth of the carbon chain. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40052. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The isooctanol alcoholysis of the waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) to produce dioctyl terephthalate (DOTP) and ethylene glycol (EG) was investigated in the presence of Brönsted–Lewis acidic ionic liquid (IL). It was found that IL (3–sulfonic acid) propyltriethylammonium chloroironinate [HO 3S–(CH 2) 3–NEt 3]Cl–FeCl 3 (molar fraction of FeCl 3, x = 0.67) was an efficient catalyst. The conversion of PET was 100 %, and the yields of DOTP and EG were 97.6 % and 96.6 % respectively under moderate conditions. After easily separated from the product, IL could be reused seven times without obvious decrease in the conversion of PET and yields of DOTP and EG. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bro\nsted-Lewis acidic ionic liquids were employed for the preparation of biodiesel using waste oil as the feedstock. It was found that (3-sulfonic acid)-propyltriethylammonium chloroironinate [HO3S-(CH2)3-NEt3]Cl-FeCl3 (molar fraction of FeCl3 x = 0.67) was an efficient catalyst for the reaction, and a synergetic effect of Bro\nsted and Lewis acid sites enhanced the catalytic performance of ionic liquid (IL). Using the waste oil with 34.6 mg KOH/g acidic value, the yield of biodiesel was even more than 95% at 120 °C for 4 h. The reusability of IL was good after it was used seven times. Therefore, an efficient and environmentally friendly catalyst is provided for the synthesis of biodiesel from waste oil with high acid value by 'one-pot' method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The thermoregulated phase-separation Pd nanoparticles catalytic system were synthesized and characterized. • The prepared nanoparticle catalytic system has high stability and high dispersibility. • The catalytic system had an excellent catalytic performance and reusability for the hydrogenation of fatty acid methyl ester. Four kinds of thermoregulated ionic liquids (IL MPEG-400 , IL MPEG-600 , IL MPEG-750 and IL MPEG-1000) were synthesized and used as the stabilizer to build the thermoregulated phase-separation catalytic system containing the Pd nanoparticles catalyst. The results showed that the Pd nanoparticles exhibits high stability in the present of thermoregulated ionic liquids, and endowed the catalytic system with a good thermoregulated phase separation property, namely, the monophasic reaction combined with a biphasic separation. The nanoparticle thermoregulated catalytic system had an excellent catalytic performance for the hydrogenation of fatty acid methyl ester, and the conversions of carbonyl group and carbon-carbon double bond in fatty acid methyl ester were 97% and 91.1%, respectively, when the reaction was carried out at 210 °C for 4 h. The product was easily separated from the catalytic system and the reusability of the separated catalytic system was good. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The polymerization of α-pinene was investigated in the presence of Lewis acidic ionic liquids (ILs). The results indicated that ILs 1-(1-ethyl acetate-yl)-3-methylimidazolium chloroaluminates ([EtOCOCH2-mim]Cl-AlCl3), especially molar fraction of AlCl3 x = 0.67, had excellent catalytic performance for the polymerization of α-pinene. The yield and softening point of solid resin reached to 52.0% and 115 °C, respectively, when the polymerization was carried out at −5 °C for 4 h. IL was reused for five times without a decrease in the catalytic performance. Compared with the traditional catalyst AlCl3, IL exhibited some advantages such as simplicity and efficiency of the product isolation, higher yield and softening point of the product, and excellent reusability. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The dimerization of fatty acid methyl ester was investigated using Brönsted–Lewis acidic ionic liquids (ILs) as catalysts. It is found that IL (3-sulfonic acid)-propyl-triethylammonium chlorozincinate [HO3S–(CH2)3–NEt3]Cl–ZnCl2 (x =0.64, x: molar fraction of ZnCl2, x =moles of ZnCl2/(moles of ZnCl2 +moles of ammonium salt) was of good catalytic performance. Under the optimum conditions m(biodiesel):m(IL) 15:1, biodiesel 15g, reaction temperature 240°C, and reaction time 5h, the yield of product dimeric acid methyl ester was 96.8%. The reusability of IL was good and after it was used five times, the dimeric acid methyl ester yield was still more than 94%. Otherwise, a synergetic effect of Brönsted and Lewis acid sites enhanced the catalytic performance of the IL. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]