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Objective: To examine the relationship between the time of reperfusion and neutrophil recruitment, E-selectin expression, and germ cell apoptosis in the ischemic and contralateral testis after testicular ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in a rat. Design: Laboratory study. Setting: Research laboratory in a faculty of medicine at Technion–institute of technology in Israel. Animal(s): Sixty adult Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 250–280 g. Intervention(s): Testicular IR. Main Outcome Measure(s): Testicular germ cell apoptosis was assessed by terminal deoxynucleotide transferase–mediated 2′-deoxyuridine 5′-triphosphate nick-end labeling immunohistochemical assay, using an in situ cell death detection kit. The recruitment of polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells was calculated per 100 venules. Expression of E-selectin was determined by using immunohistochemical analysis. Result(s): E-selectin expression and polymorphonuclear-cell recruitment in the contralateral testis increased significantly after 1 hour of reperfusion and then remained unchanged during the first 24–48 hours, followed by a gradual decrease. Germ cell apoptosis in the contralateral testis increased after 6 hours of reperfusion, achieved statistical significance after 24 hours, and decreased after 72 hours of reperfusion. Conclusion(s): Germ cell apoptosis in the contralateral testis increases most significantly within the first 24–48 hours, followed by a gradual decrease, after IR injury. E-selectin expression and neutrophil recruitment increases within the first 6 hours and apparently may initiate the increase in germ cell apoptosis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]