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Background: There is no consensus on the most effective endovascular technique to use in patients with acute ischemic stroke due to terminal internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion. The aim of this study was to compare safety and efficacy of the aspiration technique (AT) and combined technique (CT) as first-line approach in terminal ICA occlusions., Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected databases from seven Italian stroke centers. Patients were divided into two subgroups according to the first-line approach: AT group or CT group. We followed the STROBE guidelines for cohort studies. We used Chi-square test, one-way and multivariate ANOVA analysis, together with contrast analysis and post hoc tests, logistic regression and Pearson's bivariate correlation for the statistical analyses., Results: Between January 2018 and August 2020, 353 patients were treated for a terminal ICA occlusion, with either AT or CT. CT was associated with a higher Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (TICI) 2B-3 after the first pass (51.0% vs 26.9%) and at the end of the procedure (84% vs 73.3%) and with an improved clinical outcome at discharge (modified Rankin Scale (mRs) 0-2 of 47.8% vs 34.0%) and at 3 months' follow-up (mRs 0-2 of 56.5% vs 38.9%) compared with AT., Conclusion: Thrombectomy of terminal ICA occlusions obtained using CT as first-line approach demonstrated better technical and functional outcomes in comparison with AT., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Objective: We report our preliminary experience with the Penumbra JET 7 reperfusion catheter (JET 7), a new large-bore (0.072″) aspiration catheter, in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to carotid T occlusion., Methods: Data of all eligible patients who received A Direct Aspiration First Pass Technique (ADAPT) for AIS due to carotid T occlusion at our center from March 2018 through June 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. The safety and performance of JET 7 cases and smaller large-bore catheters (LBCs) were compared., Results: JET 7 was used in 19 patients, and smaller LBCs were used in 41 patients. Median puncture to revascularization time was significantly different between the JET 7 and the smaller LBCs (16 vs. 27 min; P = 0.011). The rate of patients who received rescue therapy with a stent retriever was also significantly different between the JET 7 cases and the smaller LBCs cases (5.3% vs. 22.0%; P = 0.046). Successful revascularization (TICI ≥ 2b) was achieved in 94.7% of JET 7 cases and 75.6% of smaller LBCs cases (P = 0.148). Good functional outcome (mRS 0-2) at 90 days occurred in 63.2% of JET 7 cases and 46.3% of smaller LBCs cases (P = 0.274)., Conclusions: In this early experience, ADAPT with JET 7 could be considered as one of the possible first-line therapies in carotid T occlusion, showing good rate of vascularization and lower rate of rescue therapy in comparison with smaller LBCs., (© 2022. Italian Society of Medical Radiology.)

Background: Occlusion of the internal carotid artery (ICA), whether isolated or in the setting of a tandem lesion (TL) have a poor response to treatment with intravenous thrombolysis. Previous studies ​​have demonstrated the superiority of mechanical thrombectomy in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) following large vessel occlusion, compared to standard intravenous fibrinolysis. The aim of our study was to describe endovascular treatment (EVT) in AIS due to isolated ICA occlusion or TL., Methods: We assessed the association between 90-day outcome and clinical, demographic, imaging, and procedure data in 51 consecutive patients with acute isolated ICA occlusion or TL who underwent EVT. We evaluated baseline NIHSS and mRS, ASPECTS, type of occlusion, stent placement, use of stent retrievers and/or thromboaspiration, duration of the procedure, mTICI, postprocedural therapy and complications., Results: A favorable 90-day outcome (mRS 0-2) was achieved in 34 patients (67 %) and was significantly associated with the use of dual antiplatelet therapy after the procedure (p = 0.008), shorter procedure duration (p = 0.031), TICI 2b-3 (p < 0.001) and lack of post-procedural hemorrhagic transformation (p = 0.001). Four patients did not survive, resulting in a mortality rate of 8 %., Conclusions: Our study has shown that EVT in the treatment of AIS due to ICA occlusion is safe, and effective in determining a good functional outcome. ICA stenting led to good angiographic results and therapy with a glycoprotein IIb / IIIa inhibitor immediately after stent release did not result in a greater risk of hemorrhage. The use of post-procedural dual antiplatelet therapy was associated with favorable outcome, without a significant increase in hemorrhagic transformation., (© 2021. The Author(s).)

Cortical subarachnoid hemorrhage is an infrequent subtype of non-aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, rarely reported in watershed territories (wSAH) after carotid stenting. It has never been reported after treatment of middle cerebral artery stenosis (MCAS) that is increasingly used in selected patients, as rescue treatment of failed mechanical thrombectomy, due to recent advancements in endovascular interventions. We present a series of patients with MCAS that developed a wSAH after stenting., (© 2021. The Author(s).)