Ixodes auritulus Neumann, 1904 Synonyms: Ixodes thoracicus Neumann, 1899 nec Koch, 1844; Ixodes auritulus auritulus Neumann, 1904 sensu Kohls & Clifford, 1966. Type-host: Unidentified bird. Other hosts: Thorn-tailed rayadito— Aphrastura spinicauda (Gmelin) (Passeriformes: Furnariidae), grass wren— Cistothorus platensis (Latham) (Passeriformes: Troglodytidae), Austral thrush— Turdus falcklandii Quoy & Gaimard (Passeriformes: Turdidae). Type-locality: Chile: Magallanes Province: Punta Arenas. Other localities: Chile: Antártica Chilena Province: Isla Navarino, Puerto Williams; Magallanes Province: Fuerte Bulnes. Type-material: 4 syntype females, Punta Arenas (~ 53°8’S, 70°55’W), Magallanes Province, Chile, Lebrun; deposited in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, France (3 females: No. 2474–83) and École Nationale de Vétérinaire, Toulouse, France (1 female), according to Arthur (1960), who mentioned that these four specimens were badly mutilated. We were not able to confirm the existence of these specimens. Other material: Two females, 24 nymphs and 35 larvae. Chile: Antártica Chilena Province: Isla Navarino (~ 55°4’S, 67°40’W): 1 female, from T. falcklandii, 19.i.1964, G. E. Watson (GEW), USNMENT 00987234; Isla Navarino, Puerto Williams (~ 54°55’S, 67°37’W): 1 nymph and 3 larvae, from T. falcklandii, 2.ii.1964, GEW, USNMENT 00987156; same locality: 1 nymph and 2 larvae, from A. spinicauda, 2.ii.1964, GEW, USNMENT 00987173; Magallanes Province: Fuerte Bulnes (~ 53°36’S, 70°55’W): 2 nymphs and 7 larvae, from A. spinicauda, 17.iv.1971, USNMENT 00987185; same locality: 1 nymph, from A. spinicauda, 17.iv.1971, USNMENT 00987175; same locality: 1 larva, from A. spinicauda, 17.iv.1971, USNMENT 00987194; same locality: 1 nymph, from A. spinicauda, 17.iv.1971, USNMENT 00987193; same locality: 1 larva, from A. spinicauda, 17.iv.1971, USNMENT 00987183; same locality: 2 nymphs and 2 larvae, from A. spinicauda, 17.iv.1971, USNMENT 00987160; same locality: 2 nymphs, from A. spinicauda, 17.iv.1971, USNMENT 00987182; same locality: 2 nymphs and 1 larva, from A. spinicauda, 17.iv.1971, USNMENT 00987171; same locality: 1 nymph and 7 larvae, from A. spinicauda, 17.iv.1971, USNMENT 00987190; same locality: 1 larva, from A. spinicauda, 17.iv.1971, USNMENT 00987179; same locality: 1 nymph, from A. spinicauda, 17.iv.1971, USNMENT 00987145; same locality: 1 nymph, from A. spinicauda, 17.iv.1971, USNMENT 00987170; same locality: 1 nymph and 3 larvae, from A. spinicauda, 17.iv.1971, USNMENT 00987178; same locality: 2 nymphs and 4 larvae, from A. spinicauda, 17.iv.1971, USNMENT 00987146; same locality: 4 nymphs and 3 larvae, from A. spinicauda, 17.iv.1971, USNMENT 00987186; Punta Arenas: 1 female and 1 nymph, from C. platensis, 16.i.1940, C. C. Sanborn, FMNH 4463077; same locality: 1 nymph, from A. spinicauda, 15.iv.1971, USNMENT 00987165. All specimens with USNMENT numbers are deposited in the USNTC, and the specimens with a FMNH number are deposited in the FMNH. Etymology: The specific name is derived from the Latin auritus meaning “having ears” and suffix - ulus meaning “small” apparently referring to palpal segment I having a distinct anterior projection. Description. Female [Based on 2 specimens; Figs. 4, 5.] Idiosoma (Fig. 4A, F) of largely engorged females broadly suboval. Scutum (Fig. 4B, C) length 1.16–1.22 (1.19; n = 2), width 1.00 (n = 2), ratio 1.16–1.22 (1.19; n = 2); lateral margins diverging for approximately 1/2 of scutal length, then slightly converging to broadly rounded posterior margin; lateral carinae absent; cervical grooves shallow reaching posterior quarter of scutal length; relatively sparse very fine punctations evenly distributed throughout scutum; very slight rugosity may be discernible in central field of scutum; setae (Fig. 4B, C) relatively sparse, very short (c. 0.04 in anterolateral margin of scutum). Alloscutum (Fig. 4A) as illustrated; setae (Fig. 4A, D, E) numerous, evenly distributed, very short in center of alloscutum: c. 0.03 and long in area medial to marginal grooves: c.0.09, setae in area medial to marginal grooves 3.14–3.67 (avg. 3.40) times longer than setae in center of alloscutum; ratio scutal length to length of setae in area medial to marginal grooves 12.55–13.20 (12.88; n = 2). Venter (Fig. 4F) as illustrated; genital aperture (Fig. 4F) medial to coxae III; genital groove (Fig. 4F) well developed; anal groove (Fig. 4F) oval with open posterior margin; ventral setae (Fig. 4F) numerous, length of preanal setae c. 0.06, evenly distributed. Spiracular plates (Fig. 5A) length 0.29–0.32 (0.31; n = 2), width 0.31 (n = 2), ratio 0.94–1.06 (1.00; n = 2); broadly suboval. Gnathosoma (Fig. 5B–D) length from palpal apices to cornual apices dorsally 0.64–0.69 (0.66; n = 2), width of basis capituli dorsally 0.53 (n = 2), ratio 1.21–1.29 (1.25; n = 2). Dorsal basis capituli (Fig. 5B) length from medial insertion of palpal segment I to cornual apices 0.23 (n = 2), ratio width to length 2.33–2.36 (2.35; n = 2), subrectangular, lateral margins slightly convex, without lateral projections, posterior margin slightly convex; cornua short, length 0.04 (n = 2), ratio total length of basis capituli, including cornua, to cornual length 6.00 (n = 2), triangular with broadly rounded apex; transversally suboval porose areas large, width 0.18–0.19 (0.18; n = 2), ratio width of basis capituli dorsally to width of porose area 2.83–3.00 (2.92; n = 2), clearly distinct, slightly indented, separated by distance of nearly 1/2 of their own width, openings discrete. Ventral basis capituli (Fig. 5C, D) pentagonal; auriculae long, length 0.07 (n = 2), ratio length of gnathosoma dorsally to length of auriculae 9.38–10.11 (9.74; n = 2), moderately narrow, nearly twice as long as wide, directed posteriorly, with moderately broadly rounded apex. Lateral surface of basis capituli concave (Fig. 5C, D). Palpi (Fig. 5B, C, E) moderately long, length dorsally (segments II and III) 0.34–0.36 (0.35; n = 2), maximum width (in dorsolateral plane) 0.14 (n = 2), ratio 2.45–2.64 (2.55; n = 2), length of medial margin of palpal segment I ventrally 0.14 (n = 2); segment I with moderately long internal projection directed anteriorly and giving L-shape to segment I dorsally and ventrally; length of internal projection ventrally from base of palpal segment II to anterior apex 0.12 (n = 2), ratio combined length of palpal segments II and III to length of internal projection on palpal segment I ventrally 2.81–3.05 (2.93; n = 2); dorsally segment I with slight transversal ridge at base and small tapering dorsoapical denticle, mesodorsal spur indistinct; segments II and III fused with indistinct or barely discernible (mostly medially) suture between them, narrow proximally and gradually widening to broadly rounded apex. Hypostome (Fig. 5C) length 0.37 (n = 1), width 0.14 (n = 1), ratio 2.59 (n = 1); base of hypostome nearly at same level as base of palpal segments II, club-shaped, widest close to mid-length; dental formula mostly 4/4, proximal rows 2/2 and then 3/3, distal rows 5/5; denticles sharply pointed; proximal part of hypostome without denticles moderate in length. Legs moderately long, slender. Coxae (Fig. 5F–H): coxae I-III with internal and external spurs, coxa IV with external spur only; external spur on coxae I-IV moderately long, narrow, narrowly rounded at apex, directed posteromedially; external spur on coxa I slightly longer than those on coxae II-IV; external spur on coxae II-IV subequal in length; internal spur on coxae I-III short, nearly subequal, narrow on coxa I and broader on coxae II and III, narrowly rounded at apex; internal spur on coxa I directed slightly posteromedially; internal spur on coxae II and III directed posteriorly; external spur on coxa I at least twice as long as internal spur; no syncoxae. Distally trochanters I-IV (Fig. 5F–H) with moderate ventral spur with narrowly rounded apex. Tarsus I length 0.71–0.83 (0.77; n = 2); tarsus IV length 0.65 (n = 2). Nymph [Based on 24 specimens; Figs. 6, 7.] Idiosoma (Fig. 6C): broadly suboval, widest close to mid-length. Scutum (Fig. 6A) length 561–672 (621 ± 26; n = 24), width 451–553 (496 ± 26; n = 24), ratio 1.15–1.38 (1.25 ± 0.06; n = 24); lateral margins diverging for approximately half of scutal length, then converging to broadly rounded posterior margin; posterolateral margins nearly straight; lateral carinae lacking; cervical grooves shallow; setae (Fig. 6A) relatively sparse, short: length in posterocentral field of scutum 9–13 (10 ± 1; n = 15), shorter than those on alloscutum, distributed as figured. Alloscutum (Fig. 6B) as illustrated; setae (Fig. 6B) numerous, evenly distributed, long in center of alloscutum: 24–34 (26 ± 2; n = 24) and in area medial to marginal grooves: 68–85 (74 ± 6; n = 24), setae in area medial to marginal grooves 2.25–3.33 (2.83 ± 0.24; n = 24) times longer than setae in center of alloscutum; ratio scutal length to length of setae in area medial to marginal grooves 7.50–9.50 (8.40 ± 0.63; n = 24). Anal groove (Fig. 6C) oval with open posterior margin; ventral setae (Fig. 6C) numerous, evenly distributed. Spiracular plates (Fig. 6D) length 128–170 (146 ± 11; n = 24), width 145–179 (159 ± 10; n = 24), ratio 0.83–1.00 (0.92 ± 0.04; n = 24), broadly oval. Gnathosoma (Fig. 7A, B) length from palpal apices to posterior margin of basis capituli ventrally 357–400 (377 ± 11; n = 21), width at dorsal cornua apices 255–281 (266 ± 9; n = 22), ratio 1.36–1.50 (1.42 ± 0.04; n = 21). Basis capituli (Fig. 7A, B): dorsally subtriangular, posterior margin slightly convex with long posterolaterally directed cornua; ventrally pentagonal; auriculae long: length 30–34 (34 ± 1; n = 22), ratio length of gnathosoma to length of auriculae 10.50–12.29 (11.17 ± 0.41; n = 21), triangular, directed posteriorly or slightly posterolaterally. Palpi (Fig. 7A, B): elongate, length dorsally (segments II and III) 162–179 (171 ± 6; n = 21), width 68–77 (72 ± 4; n = 21), ratio 2.22–2.50 (2.37 ± 0.10; n = 21); segment I well developed, with relatively long internal projection directed anteriorly and giving L-shape to segment I dorsally and ventrally; length of internal projection ventrally from base of palpal segment II to anterior apex 43–55 (46 ± 4; n = 21), ratio combined length of palpal segments II and III to length of internal projection on palpal segment I ventrally 3.09–4.20 (3.70 ± 0.30; n = 21); segments II and III fused with indistinct suture between them, narrower proximally and gradually widening to broadly rounded apex. Hypostome (Fig. 7B) length 153–186 (175 ± 8; n = 14), width 51–68 (62 ± 5; n = 14), ratio 2.62–3.44 (2.82 ± 0.22; n = 14); widest at approximately its mid-length; base of hypostome approximately at same level as base of palpal segment II; proximal portion of hypostome without denticles short, then dental formula 2/2 for approximately 3 rows and 3/3 for approximately 4–6 rows and 4/4 for 1–4 rows; apex broadly rounded with irregular smaller denticles. Legs moderately long. Coxae (Fig. 7C): coxae I-III with well-developed internal and external spurs, coxa IV with well-developed external spur and indistinct internal spur; external spur on coxae I-IV moderately long, narrow, narrowly rounded at apex, curved slightly posteromedially; external spur on coxae I-IV nearly subequal or very slightly decreasing in size from coxa I to coxa IV; internal spur on coxae I-III short, broad and narrowly rounded at apex, shorter than external spur; no syncoxae. Trochanters I-IV (Fig. 7C) with short ventral spur. Tarsus I length 374–434 (406 ± 15; n = 24); tarsus IV length 315–366 (334 ± 12; n = 24). Larva [Based on 35 specimens; Figs. 8, 9.] Idiosoma (Fig. 8B): broadly suboval, widest close to mid-length. Scutum (Fig. 9A) length 315–375 (349 ± 17; n = 9), width 345–400 (370 ± 17; n = 9), ratio 0.83–1.00 (0.95 ± 0.05; n = 9); hexagonal, lateral margins diverging for slightly more than 1/2 of scutal length, then converging to broadly rounded or nearly straight posterior margin; posterolateral margins with very slight depressions; lateral carinae absent; cervical grooves faint, shallow depressions. Setae 5 pairs, length of Sc 2 23–28 (25 ± 2; n = 9); length of Sc 3 24–28 (26 ± 1; n = 9); alloscutum (Fig. 8A) as illustrated. Dorsal setae approximately 14–18 pairs; approximately 4–6 pairs of central dorsals, length of Cd 1 28–36 (33 ± 3; n = 9), length of Cd 2 26–34 (31 ± 3; n = 9); approximately 10–13 pairs of marginal dorsals combined with supplementaries, length of Md 1 35–43 (38 ± 3; n = 9). Venter (Fig. 8B) as illustrated; anal groove indistinct anteriorly and open posteriorly. Ventral setae approximately 14–18 pairs plus 1 pair on anal valves; 3 pairs of sternals, length of St 1 29–38 (33 ± 3; n = 9); 2 pairs of preanals, length of Pa 1 31–41 (37 ± 3; n = 9), length of Pa 2 39–51 (46 ± 5; n = 9); approximately 6–10 pairs of premarginals; 3 pairs of marginal ventrals, length of Mv 1 26–34 (29 ± 3; n = 9). Gnathosoma (Fig. 9B–D): length from hypostomal apex to posterior margin of basis capituli ventrally 230–253 (241 ± 8; n = 8), width at dorsal cornual apices 158–190 (173 ± 11; n = 9); ratio 1.30–1.53 (1.38 ± 0.07; n = 8). Basis capituli (Fig. 9B–D): dorsally subtriangular, posterior margin slightly convex with long posterolaterally directed cornua; ventrally pentagonal with moderately long, triangular auriculae, directed posterolaterally. Post-hypostomal setae 2 pairs. Palpi (Fig. 9B, C): elongate, length (segments II and III) 103–110 (107 ± 3; n = 9), width 43–53 (48 ± 3; n = 9), ratio 2.00–2.47 (2.22 ± 0.15; n = 9); segment I well developed, with moderately long internal projection directed anteriorly and giving L-shape to segment I dorsally and ventrally; length of internal projection ventrally from base of palpal segment II to anterior apex 28–35 (31 ± 3; n = 9), ratio combined length of palpal segments II and III to length of internal projection on palpal segment I ventrally 3.07–3.82 (3.50 ± 0.30; n = 9); segments II and III fused, suture between them indistinct; segment I lacking setae, 10 dorsal and 3 ventral setae on segments II and III combined. Hypostome (Fig. 9C): length 98–105 (101 ± 3; n = 8), width 45–53 (46 ± 3; n = 8), ratio 2.00–2.28 (2.19 ± 0.09; n = 8); base of hypostome nearly at same level as articulation of palpal segments I and II; proximal portion without denticles short, then dental formula 1/1 for 1 row, 2/2 for approximately 3 or 4 rows and 3/3 for approximately 4–6 rows; apex broadly rounded with irregular small denticles. Legs moderately long. Coxae (Fig. 9E): coxa I with well-developed internal and external spurs, coxae II and III each with well-developed external spur and indistinct internal spur; external spur on coxae I-III moderately long, narrow, narrowly rounded at apex, curved slightly posteromedially; external spur on coxae I-III nearly subequal and usually decreasing slightly in size from coxa I to coxa III; internal spur on coxae I moderately long, broad and narrowly rounded at apex, usually slightly shorter than external spur; posteromedian angle of coxa II forming slight, broadly rounded projection; no syncoxae; coxae I and III with 3 setae each, coxa II with 2 setae. Trochanters I and II with short ventral spur; trochanter III lack of ventral spur (Fig. 9E). Tarsus I length 230–248 (237 ± 7; n = 9); tarsus III length 205–221 (214 ± 5; n = 9). Remarks. Neumann (1899) based his description on 4 females collected at Punta Arenas, Magallanes Province, Chile. According to Arthur (1960) three of those females are in the collection of the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, France and one female is at École Nationale de Vétérinaire, Toulouse, France. Unfortunately, we were unable to confirm if any of these specimens currently exist. The association of the I. auritulus female specimens we studied with the type specimens was made by analysis of the description of the latter in Arthur (1960). All the available characters as well as most of the morphometrics taken from the Arthur’s illustrations unambiguously confirmed our identification of I. auritulus. We conclude that the male of I. auritulus is undescribed. Previous descriptions of males refer either to other species (Dumbleton 1953, 1961; Gregson 1956; Arthur 1960; Wilson 1967) or to undetermined species of the I. auritulus complex (Kohls & Clifford 1966; Keirans & Clifford 1978; Furman & Loomis 1984; Onofrio et al. 2009; Lindquist et al. 2016; Nava et al. 2017). Whether any of the latter descriptions refer to true I. auritulus is yet to be determined, if possible, at all. The female of I. auritulus was described in Neumann (1899, 1904, 1911), Nuttall and Warburton (1911) and Arthur (1960). Illustrations of the female in Wilson (1967) are based on Arthur (1960) and hence Wilson’s description, is at least, partially based on I. auritulus. All other previous descriptions of females either refer entirely or partially to other species (Nuttall 1916; Cooley & Kohls 1945; Dumbleton 1953, 1961; Gregson 1956; Roberts 1970; Keirans & Clifford 1978; Furman & Loomis 1984; Barros-Battesti et al. 2003; Onofrio et al. 2009; Lindquist et al. 2016; Bermúdez et al. 2018) or to undetermined species of the I. auritulus complex (Ault 1943; Nava et al. 2017). The description of the nymph of I. auritulus in Durden and Keirans (1996) was partially based on specimens of true I. auritulus and those of I. guglielmonei n. sp. All other previous descriptions of nymphs either refer entirely or partially to other species (Nuttall 1916; Cooley & Kohls 1945; Dumbleton 1953; Gregson 1956; Arthur 1960; Roberts 1970; Furman & Loomis 1984; Lindquist et al. 2016) or to undetermined species of the I. auritulus complex (Aragão 1938; Ault 1943; Wilson 1967; Nava et al. 2017). Apparently, most of the larval description in Webb et al. (1990) was based on true I. auritulus specimens, and partially on I. robbinsi n. sp. All other previous descriptions of larvae either refer entirely or partially to other species (Nuttall 1916; Dumbleton 1953; Furman & Loomis 1984; Lindquist et al. 2016) o, Published as part of Apanaskevich, Dmitry A., Apanaskevich, Maria A., Klimov, Pavel B., Edgy, Brett M., Bermúdez, Sergio E., Labruna, Marcelo B., Korzeev, Andrei I. & Barker, Stephen C., 2022, Description of eight new species of Ixodes Latreille, 1795 (Acari: Ixodidae) and redescription of I. auritulus Neumann, 1904, parasites of birds in the Australasian, Nearctic and Neotropical Regions, pp. 1-73 in Zootaxa 5173 (1) on pages 8-19, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5173.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6966076, {"references":["Neumann, L. G. (1904) Notes sur les ixodides. II. Archives de Parasitologie, 8, 444 - 464.","Neumann, G. (1899) Revision de la famille des ixodides. Memoires de la Societe Zoologique de France, 12, 107 - 294.","Kohls, G. M. & Clifford, C. M. (1966) Three new species of Ixodes from Mexico and description of the male of I. auritulus auritulus Neumann, I. conepati Cooley and Kohls, and I. lasallei Mendez and Ortiz (Acarina: Ixodidae). Journal of Parasitology, 52, 810 - 820. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3276462","Arthur, D. R. (1960) A review of some ticks (Acarina: Ixodidae) of sea birds. Part II. The taxonomic problems associated with the Ixodes auritulus - percavatus group of species. Parasitology, 50, 199 - 226. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0031182000025294","Dumbleton, L. J. (1953) The ticks (Ixodoidea) of the New Zealand subregion. Cape Expedition Series Bulletin, 14, 5 - 35.","Dumbleton, L. J. (1961) The ticks (Acarina: Ixodoidea) of sea birds in New Zealand waters. New Zealand Journal of Science, 4, 760 - 769.","Gregson, J. D. (1956) The Ixodoidea of Canada. Canada Department Agriculture, Science Service, Entomological Division Publication 930. Canada Department Agriculture, Science Service, Entomological Division. Queen's Printer, Ottawa, 92 pp.","Wilson, N. (1967) Mesostigmata: Rhinonyssidae, Halarachnidae (nasal mites); Metastigmata: Ixodidae (ticks). Antarctic Research Series, 10, 41 - 49. https: // doi. org / 10.1029 / AR 010 p 0041","Keirans, J. E. & Clifford, C. M. (1978) The genus Ixodes in the United States: a scanning electron microscope study and key to adults. Journal of Medical Entomology, Supplement 2, 1 - 149. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jmedent / 15. suppl 2.1","Furman, D. P. & Loomis, E. C. (1984) The ticks of California (Acari: Ixodida). Bulletin of California Insect Survey, 25, 1 - 239.","Onofrio, V. C., Barros-Battesti, D. M., Labruna, M. B. & Faccini, J. L. H. (2009) Diagnoses of and illustrated key to the species of Ixodes Latreille, 1795 (Acari: Ixodidae) from Brazil. Systematic Parasitology, 72, 143 - 157. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 11230 - 008 - 9169 - z","Lindquist, E. E., Galloway, T. D., Artsob, H., Lindsay, L. R., Drebot, M., Wood, H. & Robbins, R. G. (2016) A Handbook to the Ticks of Canada (Ixodida: Ixodidae, Argasidae). Biological Survey of Canada Monograph Series No. 7. Biological Survey of Canada, Ottawa, 317 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.3752 / 9780968932186","Nava, S., Venzal, J. M., Gonzalez-Acuna, D., Martins, T. F. & Guglielmone, A. A. (2017) Ticks of the Southern Cone of America. Elsevier Academic Press, London, San Diego, Cambridge, Oxford, 348 pp.","Neumann, L. G. (1911) Ixodidae. Das Tierreich, 26, 1 - 169. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 22339","Nuttall, G. H. F. & Warburton, C. (1911) Ticks. A monograph of the Ixodoidea. Part II. The Ixodidae. Section II. Genus I. Ixodes Latreille 1795. Cambridge University Press, London, pp. 133 - 293. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 24075","Nuttall, G. H. F. (1916) Notes on ticks. IV. Relating to the genus Ixodes and including a description of three new species and two new varieties. Parasitology, 8, 294 - 337. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0031182000010623","Cooley, R. A. & Kohls, G. M. (1945) The genus Ixodes in North America. National Institute of Health Bulletin, 184, 1 - 246.","Roberts, F. H. S. (1970) Australian ticks. CSIRO, Melbourne, 267 pp.","Barros-Battesti, D. M., Arzua, M., Pichorim, M. & Keirans, J. E. (2003) Ixodes (Multidentatus) paranaensis n. sp. (Acari: Ixodidae) a parasite of Streptoprocne biscutata (Sclater, 1865) (Apodiformes: Apodidae) birds in Brazil. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 98, 93 - 102. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0074 - 02762003000100013","Bermudez, S., Apanaskevich, D. A. & Dominguez, L. (2018) Garrapatas Ixodidae de Panama. Secretaria Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion, Panama, 129 pp.","Ault, C. N. (1943) Description de nuevos ejemplares de Ixodes auritulus Neumann 1899, hallados en la Republica Argentina. Revista de Medicina Veterinaria, 25, 167 - 174.","Durden, L. A. & Keirans, J. E. (1996) Nymphs of the genus Ixodes (Acari: Ixodidae) of the United States: taxonomy, identification key, distribution, hosts, and medical / veterinary importance. Thomas Say Publication in Entomology Monographs 9. Entomological Society of America, Lanham, Maryland, 95 pp.","Aragao, H. B. (1938) Nota sobre os ixodideos da Republica Argentina. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 33, 319 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0074 - 02761938000200009","Webb, J. P., Bennett, S. G. & Challet, G. L. (1990) The larval ticks of the genus Ixodes Latreille (Acari: Ixodidae) of California. Bulletin of the Society for Vector Ecology, 15, 73 - 124.","Wilson, N. (1970) Acarina: Metastigmata: Ixodidae of South Georgia, Heard and Kerguelen. Pacific Insects Monograph, 23, 78 - 88."]}