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Objective: To investigate the clinical value and effect of spinal nerve medial branch ablation through transforaminal endoscopic in treatment of lumbar zygapophysial joint pain. Methods: From 2015.01 to 2017.01, 92 patients diagnosed as lumbar zygapophysial joint pain were included in the research. 36 patients were treated by spinal nerve medial branch ablation through transforaminal endoscopic, while 56 patients received conservative treatment. The visual analogue scale(VAS)and Japanese Orthopedics Association(JOA)scores before treatment, 1, 6 and 12 months after treatment were recorded and analyzed. The MacNab scores were recorded and analyzed 12 months after treatment. Results: The VAS and JOA scores of surgical treatment group showed significant improvement compared with that before operation(P<0.05), and there were no significant difference at each time point after surgery. The VAS and JOA scores of conservative treatment group in showed significant improved at 1 months after treatment compared with that before treatment(P<0.05), but there were no significant difference at each time after treatment compared with pretreatment. The VAS and JOA scores of surgical treatment group showed significant improvement compared with conservative treatment group at each time after treatment(P<0.05). The MacNab scores of surgical treatment group(94.44%)was significantly higher than that of conservative treatment group(33.33%). Conclusions: The spinal nerve branches ablation under transforaminal endoscopic is an effective and safe minimally invasive spine surgery technique with important clinical value in the treatment of lumbar zygapophysial joint pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]