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A marked decrease of klotho expression was observed in the kidney of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (STZ rats) showing diabetic nephropathy. It has been documented that klotho is the target gene of PPARγ. However, the effect of PPARγ agonist on klotho expression in kidney of STZ rats remains obscure. Thus, we used rosiglitazone (TZD) as PPARγ agonist to investigate the effect on renal dysfunction in STZ rats. Treatment of TZD reversed the lower levels of PPARγ, klotho, and FGFR1 expressions in kidneys of STZ rats without the correction of hyperglycemia. Also, renal functions and structural defeats were improved by TZD treatment. Taken together, oral administration of TZD may improve STZ-induced diabetic nephropathy due to restoration of the expression of klotho axis through an increase in PPARγ expression without changing blood glucose in rats., (© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.)

The excretion of the anticancer drug, adriamycin (ADR) was investigated in dogs. Its plasma half-life was found to be 8.4 hrs. 1. ADR was excreted in the bile against concentration gradient. The biliary clearance ratio between ADR and creatinine was ranged from 30-100. 2. Intra-arterial injection studies showed that ADR was both reabsorbed and secreted by the renal tubules. Stop-flow studies indicated that the secretion of ADR was localized at the proximal tubular section. 3. The tubular secretion of ADR is probably by an organic base secretory mechanism. Acidification of the urine would augment the urinary excretion of ADR and alkalinization reduces it. Probenecid has little effect on ADR excretion.