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Introduction. The increasing number of benign and non-cancerous tumors has resulted in the common use of NSS for the treatment of pT1 tumors. However, this kind of treatment did not reduce the number of unnecessary operations. Material and methods. Two-hundred nineteen patients with pT1 tumors treated with NSS were analyzed retrospectively. The mean time of observation was 77.9 months. The patients were divided into groups depending on tumor size and the degree of cellular differentiation of the tumor - DCTD (according to Fuhrman). Results. Statistical analysis revealed that an increase in tumor diameter accompanied a decrease in the percentage of patients with tumors staged pT1 as well as those graded G1 and G0 (according to Fuhrmann). Mean survival time also decreases. While the percentage of tumors graded G3, those staged pT3, unconventional varieties of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), local recurrence, as well as renal insufficiency all increase together with increases in tumor diameter. Conclusions. In patients with tumors up to 3 cm, the risk of surgical overtreatment increases. In patients with pT1 increases: the risk of unconventional varieties of RCC, cancerous progression, and death along with the increase in the size of the tumor and DCTD. Along with the size of pT1 tumors, a decrease in the number of benign and non-cancerous tumors as well as 5-years survival after NSS is observed. The dynamics of cancerous changes in the tumors up to 2 cm is similar to the dynamics observed in the tumors up to 3 cm, whereas those of 4 cm act similarly as the tumors of 5 cm diameter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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