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Globally, the cybersecurity workforce changes tremendous challenges. Shortages in specialised cybersecurity staff members essentially puts organisations at risk. New graduates can face difficulties in entering the cybersecurity domain due to a lack of experience and knowledge. However, with the advent of newer techniques for knowledge development, we find that learning factories offer a fresh perspective. Learning factories provide a mechanism to remove the barriers in the field of cybersecurity and cultivate a nurturing training environment. This paper looks at the modernisation of traditional training by covering the application of learning factories in the cybersecurity field. It aims to show how knowledge can be geared into more practical schemes to empower participants and expose them to critical cybersecurity skills. Through the paper, it will be demonstrated that learning factories can be used for real-world learning and information sharing. Learning factories embody the principles of knowledge sharing and promotes more efficient knowledge management. With the use of nominated tools and technologies cyber security learning factories can help measure the effectiveness of worker training as well provide for consistent facilitated training. Overall, learning factories can help to transform training and build knowledge application. Learning factories may be set up to tackle real industry challenges and are particularly useful in the field of cybersecurity. Using learning factories there is an opportunity to advance multi-dimensional cybersecurity skills and develop innovation in the field. Due to the added advantages of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) being virtually accessible, there is the added benefits of agility, responsiveness and increased engagement. Using a variety of modes, cybersecurity learning factories can combine the techniques of gamification, videos, multi-media and simulation. All of this provided an augmented and enriched experience for participants. Learning factories are a low-cost solution to replicating working environments thus assisting in skills development. Through the application of learning factories, a skilled workforce can be developed and cultivated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Knowledge processes, such as knowledge creation, sharing and application, enable knowledge production that increases innovation and superior organizational performance. Knowledge processes are ultimately and fundamentally conducted -- or not engaged in -- by the individuals. Hence, knowledge production is disrupted if individuals are prevented from using their knowledge production potential. One potential factor that causes disruption in knowledge production is the lack of autonomy. As autonomy means self-governance and independency, it enables independent and unique knowledge processing by the individual, and thereby supports both individual and collective level knowledge production. Despite the importance of the role of autonomy in knowledge production, there is no research-based knowledge of which knowledge process have been studied from the perspective of autonomy, and what has been left unexplored. This research clarifies the research literature by finding out which knowledge processes have been studied from the point of view of autonomy. Also, what has been found concerning the relationship between autonomy and knowledge processes is considered. The research was conducted as a systematic literature review supplemented by qualitative content analysis in which the articles up the year 2022 from databases Scopus and Web of Science were reviewed. The most notable finding of this study is the lack of research between autonomy and knowledge identification and the paucity of research between autonomy and knowledge internalization. This is a significant finding since knowledge identification affect what knowledge is processed and produced in the organization. Internalizations in turn affects knowledge-based orientation and knowledge production in the organizational environment. This paper contributes to the organizational research literature by summing up the existing research on the interface of autonomy and knowledge processes and provides a refined understanding on the central role of autonomy in the effective implementation of knowledge processes, as well as avenues for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a practical seven‐layer model that provides a holistic framework for creation an optimal foundation for organizational knowledge management (KM). The research corpus consists of three data collection tools; In the physical field we conducted personal interviews and a focus groups with 52 KM professionals. In the online arena we conducted a web ethnography, in which we surveyed tens of thousands of posts and comments which were posted in two virtual KM groups on the Facebook social network. The research is based on the qualitative‐constructivist paradigm. The data were analyzed according to the thematic analysis method, relying on the grounded theory approach. The proposed conceptual framework contributes to the empirical knowledge of the KM field, and may stand to guide practitioners in successful implementation of KM practices in organizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today's public administration is increasingly dealing with wicked problems, involving high levels of complexity and uncertainty. Wicked problems, such as combating climate change, ask for multistakeholder approaches and the interweaving of diverse types of knowledge. Currently, however, public administration mainly works with Knowledge Management (KM): effectively using and producing in-house knowledge and developing organizational competences. To improve governmental responses to wicked problems, this paper proposes a shift in the public sector towards Knowledge Governance (KG), thereby expanding the practices of KM. The transdisciplinary field of KG focuses on structures and techniques that influence the processes of sharing and creating knowledge and the implications of types of knowledge on policy. A KG approach has proven to be more effective for addressing wicked problems through multilevel governance and system innovation. The objective of this paper is threefold. First, to summarize the state-of-the-art scholarship on KM and KG in a comparative perspective. Second, to showcase boundary organizations in public administration as an example of KG. And third, to discuss three critical factors for successful KG in public administration: 1. Establishing an institutional culture focused on system thinking and knowledge creation; 2. Reconceptualizing the concept of knowledge and address its inherit power imbalances; and 3. Enhancing active and meaningful multi-actor participation in public decision-making processes. In conclusion, we recommend boundary organizations, working on the knowledge-policy interface, for dealing with wicked problems and enhancing a paradigm shift towards KG. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The work focuses on the aspects of knowledge management that could be beneficial in dealing with cybersecurity issues, specifically targeting common users with a basic knowledge in that area. To understand the connection, the paper briefly introduces knowledge management itself, capturing the essential information. The work explains how technological innovation changes the value of intangible assets that are closely related to cybersecurity, followed by the description of threats in the cybersecurity field, characterizing its categories, and giving current examples. The importance and potential benefits of knowledge management are often overlooked, making it much harder for many organizations to deal with various types of threats. The work presents how valuable knowledge management can be and how to use it to deal with the problem of avoiding and mitigating cybersecurity threats with their consequences, depicting the cycle of knowledge management, and describing its individual parts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the academic literature and applied practice, there is no ‘one size fits all’ model of knowledge management (KM), contributing to the persistent dilemma of how practitioners introduce KM in organisations. The multiple definitions and perspectives in the field have varied implications for KM implementation. Further, the organisational context plays a key role in shaping an organisation’s KM strategy and how it is implemented. The literature points to the need for an integrated effort for effective KM implementation, recognising the need to simultaneously account for organisational strategy, culture and infrastructure, and multiple networks of knowledge. Knowledge audits have been cited as a critical first step in designing and implementing KM. However, the current knowledge audit methodologies predominantly adopt a systematic, snapshot and fragmented approach to inquiry conducted by external consultants. This appears to be inconsistent with the need for integrated KM, considering the interconnectedness between multiple factors or dimensions for effective KM implementation. Further, an isolated, snapshot evaluation of the context would be insufficient to study and design practice in organisations marked by complex system dynamics. This paper builds on Sohal, Ragsdell and Hislop’s (2017) work-in-progress paper that proposed a KM audit methodology for conducting a systemic inquiry in a case study organisation, aimed to enhance sustainability of KM. The study was conducted in a high-performance sport organisation, identified as knowledge intensive and public sector, and characterised by complex system dynamics. The study adopted an action research approach to contribute to theoretical and practical knowledge as well as the lead author’s (LA) own learning, which in turn was instrumental in the evolution of the methodology. This paper discusses the implementation of the methodology as well as LA’s reflections and learning, highlighting specific revisions to the methodology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the notion of engaged scholarship was articulated and debated (Van de Ven, 2007, McKelvey, 2006, Van De Ven and Johnson, 2006b, Van De Ven and Johnson, 2006a) it has received increased scholarly attention, informed debates questioning the role of the university in society, and how universities produce relevant knowledge for and with society. While questions are raised about how an engaged scholarship lens might meaningfully improve academic-industry relationships, less attention has focused on the characteristics of engagement that can illustrate why one form of relationship in practice is more “engaged” compared to another. The engaged scholarship lens distances itself from efforts to theorise a knowledge transfer solution to narrowing conceptualised divides between academic and industry. Using this distinction as a foundation for characterising how we might improve such relationships, this paper compares and contrasts different solutions to better explore how knowledge is disseminated within and across academic-industry boundaries. To do so we draw upon knowledge transfer literature and relationship marketing’s understanding of inter-organisational relationships. We further explore the implications this approach might have for the role of the university and its ability to produce knowledge for and with society (Gibbons et al 1994). We draw upon the activities of the newly formed Technological University of Dublin (TU Dublin) as it attempts to position itself as a truly “engaged university”. The challenges in restructuring and repositioning TU Dublin to achieve this status focuses on its support for engaged research, community engagement and widening participation activities within the context of its organisational redesign initiative (2019-2022). This paper concludes by providing insights into how we can improve meaningful engagement. The implications of a transfer solution to academic-industry relationships for redesign is compared to a solution based on engaged scholarship. How either solution draws on aspects of knowledge management is discussed. We advocate for a deeper understanding of knowledge management based on engaged scholarship principles and illustrate how it differs from a knowledge management perspective based on assumptions of transfer in a context of organisational redesign. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, competition is more among supply chains (SCs) than between individual firms. So, knowledge is a critical resource that has to be managed properly not only in single companies but also across SCs. Managing knowledge within a SC can help companies to promote better use of resources and achieve better value for customers. From a knowledge management (KM) perspective, this implies a shift of focus, from traditional intra-organizational KM practices to inter-organizational KM. However, on this issue, the current KM literature is very varied, and studies have taken completely different directions. There is a lack even of basic definitions and classifications, as is the case of the notion of KM practice and its application to the case of SCs. The existing literature surveys(for example, BhosaleandKant, 2016, Pérez-Salazaret al., 2019, CerchioneandEsposito, 2016)provide fragmented views, and a unified vision or perspective on this topic has not emerged so far.This study proposes a systematic approachtothe KM literature on supply chains. A systematic literature review was performed, and a descriptive analysis of the selected papers was presented to show the most importantly covered or uncovered topics in KM-SC aspect. More than 800 papers indexed in international citational databases (i.e. Scopus and WoS) published in the last 20 years were selected and analyzed, and their content classified. Some of the points that emerged are particularly important: a) the definitionsand classifications of KM practices that are or can be adopted in SCs, which proves to be a problematic issue in the literature; b) the main processes that are detected for KM in SCs, and those that, although important in principle, are still understudied; and c) the importance and trend of researches in the inter-organizational KM practices in SCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper puts forward a systematic mapping study of Knowledge Management (KM) utilized in the public sector over the last decade (2009 to 2019), with the purpose to gain insight into the contemporary research trends in KM in Public Administration (PA). 6 Databases were used to select the most relevant works based on set keywords. We aimed at investigating works from an engineering perspective, targeting mainly research done using artificial intelligence techniques. This study followed a three-phase process: 1) planning, in which inclusion/exclusion criteria are defined, and research questions are formulated, 2) documenting, in which, the search is conducted and relevant papers are selected 3) selecting, in which the selection is carried out and the outcomes are analysed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several initiatives have been taken by the research community to address carbon emission in construction and infrastructure development. One such initiative is the Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities (ZEN Centre) in Norway. ZEN's goal is to develop solutions for future buildings and neighbourhoods with no greenhouse gas emissions and thereby contribute to a low carbon society. ZEN is an eight-year initiative from 2016 to 2024. The study related to this paper is connected the ZEN initiative. The study is about identifying drivers of success and failures when it comes to public private collaboration in a zero-emission context. Based on the identified success factors and barriers, a model with the following five interconnected themes are developed: (1) Supportive public policy, (2) Stakeholder management, (3) Creation of a common ground for understanding, (4) Knowledge sharing and learning, and (5) Uncertainty management. While the first and the second theme deal with strategic and tactical levels respectively, the last three themes address the operational level. This paper presents the model and considers primarily the last three themes with a major focus on learning and knowledge sharing. Narrative literature study was applied as a research method in this work. The model that this paper presents is one of several ways to understand, structure and simplify the reality of public private collaboration in the context of zero emission neighbourhood. This model can be useful as a framework to identify measures (steps, concrete actions, etc.) to address issues related to the five themes in a given organizational context. Focusing adequately on these five themes can contribute to successful public private collaboration in the context of zero emission neighbourhood. This paper elaborates the last three themes that address the operational level depicted in the model. As a key part of the elaboration, this paper also looks at the connection between creating common understanding, knowledge management and uncertainty management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Knowledge management (KM) is no longer the new kid on the block. The term has been in use for over 30 years, it has been an established field of study for over 25, and this is the 21st ECKM. But how much has KM changed in that time? This paper considers that question by briefly comparing articles dated 1999 in the Web of Science database with those in 2019, and then looking in depth at practical case studies of KM published in 2019 according to that same database. It is common knowledge that the technology available has improved vastly during KM’s history, but how has this impacted on other aspects of KM? Major themes from the earliest days of KM, such as repositories and communities of practice, are still highly visible in the literature. The approach taken in this paper is to use a people-processes-technology framework, separate the business processes from the knowledge processes that support them, and examine the linkages between the three elements of the people-processes-technology framework for both types of process. Current research shows processes to be the most studied of the three elements, especially the link whereby people help to design and then operate processes. The technological advances that have had most effect on KM are in technologies for general application. This is in contrast to the focus of technology research in KM in the 1990s, which had been on specific technologies for KM. Whether the latest technologies for artificial intelligence and analytics are general or specific to KM is a moot point, and probably depends on the background of the person you ask. The weakest current linkages are clearly those in which people should be helping to design the technology in use. Analytics developments in particular are as likely to be inflicted on the users/customers as to be designed by them. Artificial intelligence developments for KM in 2019 do not even include practical case studies, which is worrying. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate and environmental concerns have been increasingly gaining attention and this attention has led to create energy efficient solutions in several sectors. The building construction sector is not an exemption in this regard. Energy efficient solutions are applied not only in new buildings, but also in existing buildings as refurbishment/renovation projects. Energy efficient building renovation has become one of the notable aspects in the building construction sector in Europe, and it reflects – at least, to a certain extent – on the preferences that the general public has, and on business organizations' efforts to devise strategies for achieving their competitive advantage. European Commission acknowledges the challenges of increasing the rate, quality and effectiveness of energy efficient renovation of existing buildings. In this regard, it points out the need to replicate best practices and learn from lessons. This paper is based on a study that aims to identify lessons learned and best practices in projects that focus on energy efficient renovation of dwellings. This paper, which is a kind of a summary of this study, describes major categories of topics under which best practices and lesson learned in various projects (that focus on energy efficient renovation of dwellings) can be placed/categorized. In other words, this paper presents major areas of best practices and lessons learned in dwelling renovation projects. The major areas are: decision support systems, cost related aspects, user/owner behaviour, and future energy use. A complete description of best practices and lessons learned are not provided here, since the description is too lengthy to accommodate within the page limitation. Structured literature review is applied as a research method. This paper is connected to an EU project called REZBUILD. This project focuses on developing solutions that support decision making and planning for accomplishing near zero-emission in renovation of dwellings. One of the tasks in this project is to collect existing knowledge on better energy efficient solutions for near zero-emission buildings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a model to describe and understand the storytelling maturity of knowledge organizations. As more organizations turn to storytelling as a resource to transfer knowledge, develop skills and foster organizational engagement, it becomes increasingly necessary to have a tool at hand that would help knowledge management (KM) professionals gauge the state of storytelling development in their organizations. The model proposed is ideal for novice KM professionals tasked with developing storytelling initiatives, or, experienced practitioners seeking to integrate storytelling as part of a robust KM strategy. To create this model, the author reviewed, analyzed and based its approach on the life cycle theory and other models of KM and organizational maturity. The paper continues with a description and discussion of the five levels of storytelling maturity. These levels (incipient, intermittent, intermediate, rising and consolidated) offer the users a diagnostic tool to conduct gap analyses to better understand the storytelling environment of an organization, predict and identify the corresponding needs, and propose solutions that strengthen a given KM strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Increasingly smart, the new product-service systems aim to provide more context-aware, personalised and adaptable services. Even more, based on machine-generated data, machine learning, and Big Data analytics, new smart services have on one side to outperform the human judgment, but on the other side to extend and improve human expertise and understanding for the context and the end-user' experiences. In this context, the present research aims to investigate how knowledge management approaches can enhance the design and delivery of context-aware smart services, especially for design of adaptable and personalised video games for learning. In its first part, the paper provides a short analysis of the smart services, revealing their main characteristics and outlining the specifics of their design and implementation. Then, a summary of knowledge management approaches determines the main knowledge-building processes in smart services design and delivery. Next, these approaches are applied in implementation of smart services into an educational video game platform. Finally, the paper discusses and critically assesses how the adoption of better knowledge management processes will add value to the practical implementation of smart services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is crucial for the technological development of most areas of human economic activity. Appropriate ICT can positively influence the development of intellectual capital, knowledge management, enhancement of purely medical technologies, and the financial autonomy of health care units. The article aims to present and verify the model determining the impact of financial autonomy and the orientation of hospital managers on ICT strategy on the quality of medical services, and the development of intellectual capital of medical personnel. The research model was developed based on empirical studies conducted in Polish hospitals. This is the first study of its kind in Poland. Theoretical constructs of the model have been developed for the aforementioned phenomena. These constructs and their mutual relationships are the basis of the research model developed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). A survey was conducted among managers of Polish hospitals and used to create SEM measurement models. The survey was developed based on subject-based literature focused on similar research models and interviews with managers of Polish hospitals. The estimation and correctness of the model parameters were assessed using the partial least squares structural equation modeling (SEM-PLS) methodology. The hypotheses proposed in the paper have been acknowledged. The model meets the required quality criteria, and all model parameters are statistically significant. The appropriate use of ICT and the financial autonomy of Polish hospitals positively affect the development of intellectual capital and the quality of services provided. The research findings may be helpful for the knowledge management of hospital personnel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Technology is one of the most important factors that knowledge Management (KM) should be kept aligned with, in order to keep itself powerful and useful. Cloud Computing is known as one of the latest innovations in modern technology. In this paper, we study the impact of the Cloud Computing on organizational KM process. Our study is based on existing KM works involving Cloud Computing. The KM process model adopted in this paper is based on several KM process models proposed in the literature. We stand out a KM process that derives benefits and common points from existing proposals. The derived KM process includes the following sub processes: Knowledge Spotting, Knowledge Acquisition, Knowledge Formalization, Knowledge Sharing, Knowledge Utilization, Knowledge Update and Organizational Environment related sub process. We then analyze existing KM works involving Cloud Computing against the defined KM process. Some KM sub processes are few addressed within a Cloud Computing environment namely the Knowledge Spotting, the knowledge utilization and the Organizational Environment related sub processes. Afterwards, we distinguish the KM process features in a Cloud Computing Environment basically knowledge user oriented and dispersion of KM process activities, actors (knowledge holders, knowledge consumers like employees, domain experts, deciders etc.) and resources (organization's information systems, cloud resources etc.). Finally, we propose a KM approach based on Cloud Computing paradigm. It's a Framework to achieve a KM infrastructure using Cloud Computing technology and taking into account all the KM sub processes. Our approach includes the requirements and constraints of each KM sub process activities within Cloud Computing environment. It is mainly based on knowledge engineering. The proposed approach is a distributed KM approach, service oriented approach, and both explicit and tacit knowledge oriented approach. The main components of the proposed Frameworks are presented including the knowledge cloud services base and the knowledge models related to KM sub processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Innovation is an organizational capacity to obtain competitive advantage. Knowledge sharing is the exchange of experience, skills, tacit and explicit knowledge between employees. A successful factor that leads to innovation is knowledge sharing. In the innovation context, knowledge sharing is the exchange of expertise oriented to create or improve products and services of value. The method employed in this study was a systematic review, covering knowledge sharing and innovation publications from 1973, when the first paper relating both topics was found, up to 2017. Two types of reports are presented. The first one is about the historical production of articles of knowledge sharing and innovation between the studied period and the second one is about the seminal articles in the relationship between these two topics. It is also presented the most representative papers identified by citation network and social network analysis. There were found four periods of the relationship innovation and knowledge sharing: embryonic, emergent, growth young and growth highest. The relationship between knowledge sharing and innovation is still growing taking as indicator the number of published papers by year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we will focus on the interaction between innovation as a process and knowledge transfer and management. We use a model with three drivers of innovations, communication, competence and culture, and these drivers influence innovative behaviour which again kicks off the innovation. The empirical part of the paper builds on data collection at two aquaculture firms, one in Norway and one in Chile, where we have focused on the links between the innovation process and knowledge transfer and management, and how this can be built into the production and managerial system. First, we discuss what characterises knowledge flows and how this can be related to innovative initiatives, competence and culture. Second, we discuss how innovative ideas can transform into actual innovations. Third, we discuss how innovations are integrated in the production procedures and how this challenges knowledge management. We find, as do most studies, a link between successful knowledge management and innovations, but this link does not have the same structure in Norway and Chile. Differences in communication patterns, innovative behaviour and cultural characteristics are the most important factors to explain the differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Paper presents the results of research aiming to identify the barriers that hinder effective knowledge sharing (KS) among the participants of business retraining and upgrading programs (FBE - Further Business Education) and to devise methods of overcoming such barriers. Knowledge sharing is understood as a process, in which FBE learners create new knowledge in collaboration with each other by exchanging their explicit and implicit knowledge. Participants in such programs have a number of distinctive features, which determine the special quality of the KS processes within this type of community of practice (CoP). Quite often, they are the leading specialists in particular management issues and have unique knowledge and experience. As highly professional individuals, they detect and respond to the most acute problems arising in business activities, which is a powerful incentive for them to keep learning. The empirical base of the research is formed by the survey of participants in FBE programs at Lomonosov Moscow State University and interviews with directors of the leading Russian business schools, conducted in 2017-2018. The research has shown that the existing potential of collaborative generating of new knowledge through active exchange of explicit and implicit knowledge is far from being fully realized although favourable conditions for effective KS are created. The Paper analyses the main KS hindering barriers, which may rise owing to teachers' insufficient skills in managing expert group discussions and teacher-centered habits, as well as learners' lack of openness or reciprocity, their competing priority and other factors. Overcoming such barriers is facilitated by the introduction of team qualification projects instead of individual graduation work and by the increase in the share of educational interactions aimed at small groups of learners, rather than individual participants. This, however, gives rise to new problems, among which is the contradiction between the group format of the studying process and individual approach to knowledge assessment that dominates the system of control. It is suggested that KS can be promoted by the development of tools that will help synchronize the knowledge exchange processes in the corporate and educational contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper discusses human-technology relationship in the Industry 4.0 environment. The combination of information technology with operational technology creates a cyber-physical environment that brings new challenges and requirements on management and management systems including different aspects of work with knowledge and knowledge management. Human-technology interaction represents an interesting factor of Industry 4.0. The aviation industry is the field where Industry 4.0 started many years before the term was officially formulated. The idea to equip aircrafts with intelligent systems that help pilots to operate them safely changed planes from relatively simply engines to complicated systems and transformed them to cyber-physical environment typical for Industry 4.0; a highly qualified human with a huge portion of tacit knowledge meets and cooperates with fast operating technology based on sophisticated information system (explicit knowledge). The objective of the paper is to explore this relationship between human (tacit and explicit) and technical (explicit) factor in Industry 4.0 aviation environment. To do so, we use examples of situations (cases) when cooperation between both systems failed; the objective is to explain the role of human and technology protagonists and their relationship and role in the development and solution of a problem situation, and capture lesson learned applicable to different Industry 4 environments. As the aviation industry is very sensitive to mistakes, accidents are investigated to prevent them in future and results of investigations are published. Examples of situations (cases) come from this secondary data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sustainability and energy efficiency are topics that have gained much attention recently in many industries, including building and construction. Many national and international research projects have aimed at both developing technology and efficiently using existing technology over the course of last twenty years. Yet, the industry is lagging far behind other sectors with regards to putting available technology to good use. One important reason for this is the gulf that exists between the research as expressed in the scientific literature and the practice-oriented world of building construction and rehabilitation. This paper describes an application of two methods for conducting literature review and collecting experiences from real-world application in order to efficiently synthesize knowledge from "both worlds". The methods are: structured literature review (SLR) of scientific articles and narrative literature review (NLR) of recommended, practical solutions. In this paper, (1) central characteristics of these methods are presented, (2) Usage of these methods is described, and (3) how these methods can be seen from the perspective of knowledge management / acquisition is discussed. As examples, few findings obtained from SLR and NLR are provided in order to complement the whole discussion. This paper aims to make two major contributions to research and practice: The first contribution is that it addresses certain methodological issues related to gathering knowledge from both the scientific realm and practice. The other contribution is developing a knowledge base: The process through which the two literature review methods are applied, will result in a collection of knowledge / "best practices" regarding construction and renovation of energy efficient buildings. This knowledge will then be shared with others, and hence contribute to accomplish greater benefits. This paper looks at one of the aspects of "best practices" - namely, key performance indicators (KPIs). This paper is connected to an EU-project called "Rezbuild", which focuses on developing decision and planning support for accomplishing near zero-emission in refurbishment of dwellings. One of the tasks in this project is to collect existing knowledge on better energy efficient solutions for near zero-emission buildings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Projects provide opportunities for combining various types of knowledge bases and expertise. Sharing knowledge and best practices through projects can improve an organization's ability to make the learning organizational, and become a learning organization. Earlier research studies show that, though the positive effects of knowledge sharing are recognized, it is still challenging to implement inter-project knowledge sharing and harvest the desired benefits from it. There is increasing focus on leveraging learning and reusing knowledge across projects. The need to focus on learning and knowledge sharing is important for organizations in the public sector too. Several researchers indicate that progression of projectification of public policies, public organizations, and individuals working in public sphere has an impact on actions undertaken for delivery of public services. As social, economic, political and technological changes happen in a faster pace, there is a need for public sector organizations to become more effective and efficient in order to deal successfully with the changes and address the emerging challenges timely. The focus of this paper is on inter-project learning processes in public organizations. This paper is based on a brief literature study and a case study of two public organizations, concerning public sector project management and project knowledge management. The research question that we ask is: What characterizes processes of inter-project knowledge sharing in public organizations? The research is of preliminary character. It is our first attempt to address the issue of inter-project learning in public organizations in our collaborative endeavor - collaboration between researchers from Poland and Norway. Therefore, we illustrate our deliberations with limited data - a case study of two public organizations: Trondheim Municipality (Norway) and Municipality of Kraków (Poland). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to study China's endeavors to become a global innovation powerhouse on a par with the developed industrial nations. This will mainly depend on its extensive and sophisticated innovation ecosystem. The paper proposes that when this ecosystem is taken in conjunction with the Belt and Road initiative, there will be a strong potential to create a super extended knowledge network that will propel China's cutting edge innovative prowess to unprecedented levels. The paper explores the role of policies in boosting innovation in China as it is striving to become an innovation-driven economy and how these policies are promoting innovation in Science and Technology. On conducting interviews with industry experts in innovation ecosystems, the results indicated the most significant key components and aspects for China's move towards attaining a successful innovation ecosystem. A case study of the existing knowledge ecosystem was analyzed in order to understand the present state of how china is building up its innovation ecosystem in order to achieve a global competitive edge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Generational traits generally have mixed impact on work activities. From previous research we have a very scattered picture of the impact of generational differences in the workplace context. This paper investigates how generational differences influence the knowledge-sharing behaviour in organizations. Interviews were conducted in two Finnish organisations. Our analysis shows that when it comes to values and priorities in relation to knowledge sharing, there are no differences between younger and older employees. However, the interviews revealed nuances between generations, which explain why generational differences are not so decisive. It was found that professional age is a more important factor when describing differences between employees’ attitudes to knowledge sharing. Furthermore, the organizations’ socialization process plays an important role in overriding generation differences in knowledge sharing. Finally, the interviews underlined that a flexible approach to IT is increasingly important for work tasks in all age groups and generational differences do not matter to a large extent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Hand in hand with the growing importance of the concept of open innovation, firms are increasingly forced to look for new external knowledge that would support their innovation. Cooperation with various partners across the public and private sectors is thus one of the key determinants of successful innovation nowadays. However, concepts aimed at sharing knowledge and creating innovation together may not always be successful, specifically within Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries. For example, in comparison with Western countries. It is due to the fact, that CEE countries have undergone different historical developments and are often burdened by insufficient absorption capacity. Therefore, this paper analyses the importance of cooperation with various partners on firms´ process innovation within CEE countries, as a crucial source of firms´ external knowledge. Especially, we focus on the Czech Republic, Slovak Republic, and Estonia. In comparison with previous studies, we propose two step approach, while we firstly examine influence of various types of cooperation on firm’s innovation in each country. In the second step, use aggregate datasets of firms across selected CEE counties and perform the same analyses. As a data source, we are using the latest available Community Innovation Survey provided by Eurostat. The results of our study show that cooperation with other enterprises within enterprise group and cooperation with suppliers of equipment, materials, components, or software have a significant positive impact on Czech and Slovak firms as well as on the aggregated dataset of CEE countries. On the other hand, Estonian firms benefit from cooperation with competitors or other enterprises in sector and with universities or other higher education institutes. Surprisingly, we show that in the case of Estonia, cooperation with consultants or commercial labs has a negative influence on firms´ process innovation. Moreover, results for aggregated datasets of CEE counties has proved a negative effect of cooperation with government, public or private research institutes and with universities or other higher education institutes on firms´ process innovation. Based on these results, we propose several implications for innovating firms´ in each country as well as for other CEE countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The theme of the research is topical in the present situation of intellectual capital (IC) management at the higher education establishment (HEE) in Latvia. The object of the present research is the formation of an IC at the HEE. The subject of the research is a comparative analysis of the efficiency of the involvement of academic staff and students in the formation of IC at the HEE of Latvia before the economic crisis, during the economic crisis, and after the economic crisis. The objective of the research is to study the involvement of academic staff and students in the formation of IC at the HEE in Latvia from the year 2007 till the year 2014. The tasks are advanced in order to reach the objective: to study the IC formation at the university; to identify the concept of the efficiency of the involvement academic staff and students in the formation of IC, to calculate their main indicators; to carry out a comparative analysis of indicators characterizing the efficiency of the involvement academic staff and students in the formation of IC at the HEE in Latvia. Research methods are used in the paper are content analysis, economic analysis, economic experiment. The research period is from the year 2007 until the year 2020, separate themes have been studied for a shorter period of time or by way of comparison. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the authors explore learning schools and their relevance to e-learning. The work shows that to raise awareness about alternative approaches to e-learning, about their advantages and problems it is necessary to initiate an interest in the development of new e-learning models. The authors support the idea of choosing appropriate learning strategies and focus on e-learning. Namely, the development of appropriate educational materials, the achievement of a variety of educational goals, the maintenance of student motivation, the promotion of interaction, and the elimination of individual differences. In this work, the authors presented the developmental plan for e-learning. First, it is proposed to include contextual education through the systematic use of professional context. It will allow to facilitate the transfer of learning to real-life situations and to facilitate deep processing through learning strategies that require learners to apply, analyze, synthesize and evaluate information. Secondly, the elements of learning models can be combined in different ways, under different circumstances, for different purposes. It is necessary to adapt learning conditions to new and changing conditions of digital era. The article is based on authors many years’ experience working on electronic online platform. This on-line platform (CAMPUS) was developed and implemented in the learning process at the University. The materials of lectures and seminars are uploaded and available electronically at this platform. During training, the students generate their own content in the form of blogs. Presentations, case studies, preparation for exams and chat with tutor and other students are available online. Group discussions are initiated by tutors. Such feedback is formed after the end of each training module. Students are also taught the skill of finding and using the material in open sources. The result is the creation of students ready to learn from each other at anytime and anywhere. As a result of the implementation and continuous improvement, the tutor’s role is changing. The benefits of e-learning are obvious. This is an electronically accessible academic support that greatly facilitates the learning process.Paper also consider the transformation in knowledge management connected to all mentioned above and possible ways of the development of education environment and knowledge management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dynamic nature of the business environment has made innovation a necessity. Firms that are innovative continuously reinvent themselves and keep abreast with developments in the external environment and deliver value to their clients. They are able to come up with new products and services and are in a better position to fill niches and gain a competitive edge over rivals. The aim of this paper was to establish how the telecommunication industry is creating innovation strategies to enhance their competitive position which also poses as the major research question. The researcher focused on the city of Erbil in Northern Iraq and specifically on Korak Telecommunications Company. The study presented both the theoretical and empirical aspect. A survey was conducted for this purpose and the information obtained from employees and management of Korak Telecommunications Company through questionnaires. The data was analyzed quantitatively through statistical packages of Social Sciences. The study revealed that innovation was closely linked with competitive advantage. The study explored marketing innovation, process innovation, product innovation and organization innovation. Of these innovation strategies, only organization innovation was found to have a negative relationship with competitive advantage. The study revealed that employees were reluctant to adopt set policies and the organization lacked the necessary structures to inspire innovation. Among the recommendations, the researcher urged the organization to communicate with employees and involve them in critical decisions like restructuring; educating them on how and why this is necessary to ensure that when decisions are being implemented they will be more readily accepted. The study also revealed marketing innovation to be the most important innovation strategy as it contributed more than 40% to competitive advantage in the innovation, product innovation, process innovation, marketing innovation, organization innovation competitive advantage, organizational performance regression analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The2019 United Nation’s (UN) report on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) that are outlined in the 2030 Agenda, states that progress toward these goals istoo slow (UN, 2019), acknowledgingthe challengeof developing the needed, complex models that addresseconomic, social and environmental aspects simultaneously.This paper explores potential underlying reasons for said slow progress from a change management as well as knowledge management perspective, focusing on Small and Medium Size Enterprises (SMEs),and employing a multiple-case analysis. The objective is to understandhow SMEs’approach towardssustainability alignswithexisting change management frameworks specific tosustainability (Dunphy, Griffiths, and Benn, 2003; Doppelt, 2003; Lueneburger and Goleman, 2010; Sloan, Klingenberg, Rider, 2013) and if and how sustainability knowledgemanagement practices differ from prevailing KM practices in SMEs. The study isworking from the proposition that as firms advance towards sustainability, they also develop processes for its knowledge management, while firms that are behind are in need of such processes. The findings are then mirrored to a proposed threestep process for sustainability knowledge management(“Define, Collect, Act”, DCA) that attempts to capture its systemic nature(Klingenberg and Rothberg, forthcoming).Furthermore, thisresearch endeavoursto bring increased clarity to what is meant by“sustainability knowledge”in a business context. While the results are thus far limited, this research tentatively confirms itsproposition. The DCA process appears to be present in a firm that is very advanced towards sustainability, and maytherefore be a useful framework for other SMEs that are less advanced in their sustainability knowledge in order to accelerate knowledge acquisition and deployment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

“Onboarding” is one way of facilitating training for newcomers in order to get them socialized and trained for the job in question. Getting newcomers “up to speed” and reducing turnover is cost saving for a company. In this paper, we showcase how this has been done in a company in Norway. This organization suffered from high turnover and a lengthy training period for newcomers. Theory on socio-cultural learning, organizational culture, and knowledge management has enlightened our study. In order to display the interplay between organizational socialization and learning at work, we will present our findings on the development of an onboarding initiative. In particular, we dive into the subtleties of the border between formal structures of the onboarding and the informal best practices. Tacit knowledge conveyed through the informal best practices can be transferred and adapted through conversation and behaviour. The data material is collected through qualitative in-depth interviews over a period of three years. The onboarding is not only contributing towards higher effectiveness and less turnover, but also developing, and continuously improving, learning structures in the organization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]