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Background/Objectives Inclusion of security in software development from the initial design phase has not been consistently addressed by the software developers. As a result there is an abundance of software systems with weak security. The objective of this study is to find out factors influencing developer\'s intention to adopt secure software development practices. Methodology: This study is based on qualitative research methodology. Interviews were conducted from the professionals working at senior positions at Malaysian software development organization. All the interviews were first transcribed, as they were digitally recorded. Then transcribed data was analyzed in a way that all frequent words or repetitive concepts were highlighted, after which many similar or relevant concepts were grouped together and categorized as themes and sub themes. Findings: The data was analyzed using the thematic analysis method. The results revealed five main themes, whereas each main theme has subthemes. These subthemes are parameters to justify the main theme. Main themes were identified in the light of the interviewee\'s response. The main results include interviewee\'s demographic characteristics, and then the main themes identified include, Adoption of SSD practices, Influencing authorities, Motivating Factors, Attitude towards SSD, Hindrances / Issues towards SSD Adoption. Sub themes included: Security Culture, Change Management, Applications of SSD, Managers, Security Expert, Training, Incentives, Security Awareness, Performance Expectancy, Facilitating Conditions, Demographic Characteristics, Need to use SSD, No clear guidelines, Strict Project Timeline, Lack of Security knowledge. The overall interview results show that secure software development practices adoption level in most part of the software industry is not up to the satisfactory level. Novelty/Applications: This research explores the factors impeding theimplementation of the best security practices, and barriers to secure software development practices adoption. This study can be used as guideline to be followed for the implementation of secure software development practices in software industry.Keywords: Secure software development adoption; organizational factors; software developer intention; security development; software security

Electronic learning (e-learning) is the new form of learning which is established with Internet and its services. Instructive institutes address the new and modern learning requirements by adopting new developments in the field. In this paper author has presented the integrated hypothesized model for e-learning success among undergraduate students in the contexts of Pakistan. The integrated model is based on Technology acceptance model (TAM) and Delone and Mclean information success (D&M IS) model to examine the effect of quality features, perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness on user’s intentions and satisfaction towards the usage of e-learning.

Information and communication technology has become the integral part of education system. Worldwide different studies are being conducted to evaluate ICT for better performance. This study focused on assessing the general adoption, acceptance and usage of the information and communication technology by the academicians at the University of Sindh, Pakistan. Though many established models are available to assess acceptance and use of ICT, for this research Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) is used with some external factor like Culture, Incentives, Perceived needs and Job Relevance. The research used mix method approach by distributing 200 survey questionnaires among the academic staff and in addition, used interview method for making survey results stronger. The results revealed that all the constructs have significant effect on academicians towards their intention to use ICT in their academic work, on other side it was also found that there is lack of ICT infrastructure as well as usability due to dependency of administrative work on manual system, Moreover lack of equipment’s found major hindrance in automated class environment.

The requirement engineering team plays a vital role in alignment of software development in accordance with intended user requirements. The requirements engineering is considered as the most social and interactive process within the software development life cycle. The strong social and collaborative nature of RE process highlights and justifies its primary dependence on personality attributes/traits of its participants like requirements analysts and product stakeholders. The induction of right persons with right personality traits for RE teams greatly affects their work performance and consequently contributes positively in the improvement of whole software development process. This article presents a method to build most effective RE teams by considering their personality traits at the time of their induction. The job descriptions and soft skills announced by software industry for hiring requirements engineers have been analyzed critically and accordingly the most suitable personality traits have been predicted using a systematic method. The devised method initially maps different soft skills required to perform different tasks during RE phase and then re-maps desired soft skills with personality traits of software engineers. The big-five (also known as five-factor) personality assessment model has traditionally been used to identify the most suitable personalities for RE teamwork due to its wide acceptance in the software engineering domain. The obtained results show that the personality traits of openness, extraversion and conscientiousness are the most suitable personality traits for requirements engineering team members to perform RE tasks. These results are very much aligned with already established findings in domain of personality assessment of software engineering roles, which advocates the accuracy of devised method.

The world has been changed by Information and Communication Technology (ICT), and many factors including new opportunities, fast-growing business, technological changes, and challenges have forced every part of the world to produce self-regulating and pre-found skilled oriented individuals. Driven by this compulsion the education institutions (EI) around the globe are integrating ICT tools and utilizing the latest technologies in order to provide quality education to their citizens. In this regard Ministry of Education (MOE) Kuwait has launched many plans and invested a lot in the implementation of technology in EIs. EIs mainly consists of Universities. While there is no comprehensive study in order to assess the adoption of ICT in the universities by all instructors and students of Kuwait as well as no empirical study have been conducted on the overall effectiveness of ICT in the EI (s). The effectiveness of any new technology depends upon acceptance and proper utilization of technology by all stakeholders. Subsequently realizing the importance of ICT availability and success in all parts of society, this research is aimed to understand, investigate, explore, and assess the ICT adoption in the universities of Kuwait. Meanwhile in order to assess the adoption and utilization of ICT by students and academicians in their daily work, the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) will be applied to measure the ICT acceptances by students and academicians. This study also aims to find out the factors and issues in order to create a model for better utilization of ICT by stakeholders in EI. The impact of this study will be on EI (s) to improve the quality of education system through effective utilization of ICT and improve the capability of students and academicians to be more effective and quality-oriented individuals.

The IoT is the latest innovation and increasingly growing area to be implemented in all areas of life especially in higher education. This has created new excitement and challenges for the academicians, this study will focus on IoT adoption and acceptance in higher educational institutes of Pakistan. The way IoT in learning environments supports educators can influence how we collaborate, communicate and operate. In this research, we focus on two aspects to investigate here. Firstly, how students are taught and; Secondly, how educational institutions can bring in IoT to improve learning. This study explores the important aspects which influence the IoT acceptance and usage in an academic setting with in higher education institutes of Pakistan. Current study lays foundation for a comprehencive framework using trusted models of technology and social psychology like Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT2). This research proposes the network analysis approach to observe the users’ behavior towards different IoT applications usage in higher education. The consideration of key deliverables that have significant effect on the acceptance of Internet of Things (IoT) in higher education institutions of Pakistan and the in-depth analysis showed that few applications are being used heavily compared to all other applications. This study provides basis for developing countries, to increase wider acceptance and use of IoT technologies in higher education to provide benefits for both students’ and faculty members.

Prior work on the technology acceptance model TAM is mainly devoted to the influence of TAM’s core motivational factors and their impact on behavioral intent toward IS acceptance. Relatively little research has focused on what specific system design characteristics motivate individuals toward IS acceptance. This article identified specific systems design factors and examined their impact on TAM’s motivational factors through the TAM. The findings will help designers to design and implement better user-accepted systems.

Contactless payment or ‘Near Field Communication has become extremely popular worldwide and does not seem to be slowing down. Pakistan has taken action in implementing this technology across the various banking, stake holding and merchant based sectors, which will be provided to their relevant consumers. Developing countries have been frontrunners in the research and implementation of NFC technology. Pakistan has recognized the vitality of this system and is making strides in their own right. Significant factors as to the delayed approval and acceptance of this mobile system will be explored in this study. UTAUT2 (unified theory of acceptance and use of technology), a widely accepted model used in technology, forms the basis of the ‘integrated framework’ research proposal. Significant factors will be determined through the use of this framework. The conceptual model which has been proposed, can be further defined by 15 factors which includes; Performance expectancy, Effort expectancy, Social influence, Facilitating expectancy, Hedonic motivation, Habit, Behavioral intention, Trust, Privacy, Cost, Security, Self- efficiency, Compatibility, Complexity and. A ‘mix mode’ survey which comprises of quantitative and qualitative methodologies in the form of online surveys will be acquired from the mobile users. AMOS and SPSS software will be used to conduct the analysis. As a beneficial factor, which has been identified in the previous research, the acceptance of this technology by individuals in the bank sectors holds relevant importance. The country and its population will both benefit from the NFC technology.

In the 21st century, education has evolved from being confined to the four walls of a classroom to a more flexible online environment using Cloud Computing (CC) technology which has brought immense technological transformation in the field of education. This technology is rapidly growing and improving the Higher Educational Institutions’ (HEIs) performance around the world, where learners can access various computer applications from remote locations through the Internet. Previous studies on cloud computing adoption have highlighted various advantages of using this technology in HEIs, mainly in the developed countries. However, in the case of developing countries like Bangladesh, lack of research on identifying factors that might influence cloud computing adoption was observed. Hence, the authors of this paper have proposed a conceptual model that identifies the factors that influence cloud computing adoption for the faculty members and students in Bangladeshi HEIs.

Electronic commerce has gained the popularity since last two decades, due to its recompenses towards the online transactions. Academicians and e-retailers eagerly want to identify the factors which affect the e-commerce success. The main intention of this study to investigate the factors which are essential to draw the net benefits of e-commerce from an individual perspective rather than the organization perspective. The proposed framework in this paper is based on Mclean and Delone 2003 IS success model along with two extra variables that are privacy and trust. In this paper, the author discussed the result of the pilot study. The authors designed the quantitative research questionnaire by adopting the items from the previous studies and conducted the pilot study to check the reliability of the questionnaire. The overall value for Cronbach's alpha was 0.89 and also the Cronbach's alpha value for individual constructs were greater than 0.7, which indicates that there is a strong relation between the items. This research engrossed on four factors that are system quality, service quality, privacy, trust, that are essential for achieving the user satisfaction which in turn leads to achieve the e-commerce net benefits. In addition to service quality and system quality, trust and privacy are the important factors that affect the net benefits through user satisfaction, hence the modified version of Delone and Mclean IS success model from an individual perspective is proposed.

Electronic Learning (e-learning) is considered as an innovative approach to education delivery via electronic forms of information. e-learning is an online education or distance education, which means that it can deliver education to everyone around the world online through the electronic means such as the internet from different distant countries. The success of E-learning process in universities needs to some factors that should be fit with the revolution of technology and enhance the learner's knowledge. Universities in developing countries such as Iraq, in order to be fit with the rapid growth of technology, it needs to analyze the current capabilities, analyzing previous studies, evaluating it and developing solutions fit with the updated technology in which these countries could save the time and reduce the cost and offer modern alternative means, tools, and methods of e-learning in its universities This paper reviews e-learning studies and status in Iraqi universities, identifying gaps and proposed some alternative solutions for that in order to enhance the e-learning process in Iraqi universities.

Nowadays, E-Learning becomes a preferable medium for learning. Digital technology has made it more attractive and useful with additional user-friendly features. Basically, E-Learning involves massive infrastructural resources to operate. It also includes the effective combination of hardware and software along with the involvement of individuals to make the system successful for the students. Since the students and teachers have become agile using state-of-the-art communication technology in teaching learning process, they look for the efficient and smooth knowledge transfer. Many researches have encountered the barriers for the successful implementation of E-Learning in the universities. There is little research that uncovers the interaction of E-Learning barriers. The present study aims to provide the Interpretive Structure Modelling (ISM) and Matrice d'Impacts Croises Multiplication Applique'e a' un Classement (MICMAC) based analysis to study such barriers of E-Learning. A digraph representing ISM model has been established to help the stakeholders to understand the barriers to successful implementation of E-Learning.

Electronic Learning (e-learning) is the process of offering education in a creative method by using the electronic shapes of information and contents. e-learning is the process of education that offered can be divided into online or distance education, which means that it can deliver education to everyone around the world online through the electronic means such as the internet from different distant countries. The success of E-learning process in universities needs to some factors that should be fit with the revolution of technology and enhance the learner's knowledge. Universities in developing countries such as Iraq, in order to be fit with the rapid growth of technology, it needs to collaborate with other national and international universities to develop e-learning tools and methods. In order to contribute to the success of the e-learning process in universities in Iraq, these universities have to adopt collaboration culture with other universities and adhocracy culture to follow the innovation in e-learning process. This paper proposes an integrated model of e-learning through an innovative collaboration environment which could participate to improve and add values to the e-learning process in universities in Iraq.

Electronic Learning (E-Learning) in the education system has become the obvious choice of the community over the globe because of its numerous advantages. The main aim of the present study is to identify Critical Success Factors (CSFs) and validate them for successful implementation of the E-Leaning at Saudi Arabian Universities. This study developed a multi-dimensional instrument for measuring the E-Learning CSFs in the higher educational institutions of Saudi Arabia. The study reviewed various CSFs from literature and identified most important E-Learning CSFs which are described and grouped in five dimensions such as Student, Instructor, Design and Contents, System and Technological, and Institutional Management Services. The 36 CSFs falling under these relevant dimensions were then validated their importance quantitatively through university Students, Instructors, and E-Learning staffs of some well-known universities in Saudi Arabia. A survey instrument was developed and tested on a sample of 257 respondents of Saudi Arabia Universities. It was found that System and Technological dimension is the most significant as perceived by respondents. Results of the study discovered that all obtained factors are highly reliable and thus would be useful to develop and implement E-Learning systems.

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has changed the world scenario including business and economies. There are new opportunities and challenges for every country to produce knowledge oriented citizens. Driven by these changes, numerous higher education institutions around the world are integrating and adopting latest ICT tools to deliver quality education. However, the Effectiveness of a new technologies introduced in educational institution depends on acceptance and utilization by academicians in the academic institutions. Thus realizing the importance of ICT availability and adoption in developed countries, this research is aimed to understand and assess the ICT adoption in Pakistan. This study also focuses on fundamental literature to investigate the critical success factors and propose a model for ICT adoption by academicians of higher education institutions in Pakistan. The contribution of this research improves the quality of education system in developing countries by effectively utilizing ICT in higher education institutions.

Purpose – The purposes of the study are to understand ICT workforce employability in Malaysia, to identify the causes that influence the growth of skill gaps in the ICT workforce, and to determine ways to reduce these gaps.Design/methodology/approach – The methodology of the study comprised project reports and a literature review.Findings – The findings show that not only Malaysia but also Australia and India are facing the challenges of demand‐supply gap as regards a quality ICT‐related workforce. The study also indicates that these countries do have similar obstacles and issues of sufficiently trained and experienced ICT graduates.Practical implications – This study suggests that in the light of the skills demanded by industries and organizations, ICT workers could be trained through an updated course curriculum in line with the needs of industry.Originality/value – The employability of the workforce in general has been discussed in many papers. This paper specifically discusses employability issues of ...

This paper aims to present a Web 2.0-based collaborative Learning framework based on the social constructivist theory promoting lifelong learning. The Web 2.0 provides conditions of collaborative learning, multiple modes and methods of learning and multiple perspective to achieve learning goals. This practical framework under the guidelines of design science research methodology allows learners to actively engage in the learning process, construct own knowledge and use to solve real-world problems collaboratively. Experts reviewed and confirmed the validity of the framework. Three successive iterations, working with 42 students in formal learning and Facebook members in informal learning were conducted to demonstrate and validate how learners started developing critical thinking, self-regulation and use of knowledge. The framework contributes to the practice of lifelong learning with emphasis on developing sustainability competencies that enable learners to gain more skills in applying different problem-solving frameworks to complex daily life problems.

The research aimed to design and evaluate an innovative Web 2.0-based collaborative learning with the Islamic ethical system to support Islamicisation and the practice of Islam as a way of life that is the main goal of Islamic education. This is in response to the lesser amount of focus in Islamic education on the real example of integrating ICT into the collaborative learning process that could support social constructivist learning goals and skills for use of Islamic knowledge in daily life. The most important argument is that the students should be given an appropriate and practical platform where they can practice collaboratively and share their experiences that design science research methodology and Facebook features in this study could support these needs and arguments. Expert review, user testing were conducted and quality, effectiveness and usability of developed Web 2.0-based collaborative learning confirmed.

This research aims to present a Facebook-based collaborative learning (CL) framework that supports initial development of social negotiation and debate competencies. This framework has implications for the International Debate Education Association (IDEA, 2018) that aims to promote the opportunity to debate, breaking down barriers of location, race and class while extending the boundaries of online-learning. The guidelines for CL and social negotiation in this study are based on social constructivist theory with the ethical system that value safe and structured environment for debate and negotiation. The integration of Facebook as an information and communication technology (IICT) provides conditions of CL and social negotiation, multiple modes and methods of learning and multiple perspectives, to achieve learning goals. This practical framework under the guidelines of design science research methodology (DSRM) motivates learners to actively engage in the CL and social negotiation processes with empathy, self- control, endurance and reasoning to develop critical thinking and awareness. This study will contribute to the World Universities Debating Championship (WUDC) that aims to complement communication skills of students with a culture of research and critical thinking. Experts reviewed and confirmed the validity of the framework. Three successive iterations working with Facebook members and experts in informal learning were conducted to demonstrate and validate how learners started developing social negotiation and debate competencies.

Different researches evidenced that e-learning has provided more opportunities to behave unethically than in traditional learning. A descriptive quantitative enquiry-based study is performed to explore same issue in e-Learning environments. The factors required for ethical development of students were extracted from literature. Later, efforts are made to assess their significance and their status in e-Learning with 5-point Likert scale survey. The sample consisted of 47 teachers, 298 students, and 31 administrative staff of e-learning management being involved in e-Learning. The work also observed state of students on various ethical behaviors. The study emphasized that the physical presence of teacher, an ethically conducive institutional environment, and the involvement of the society members are among the main factors that help in the ethical development of a student which are missing in e-Learning. The results of the study showed that the moral behavior of e-Learners is at decline because of lack of these required factors in e-Learning. This work also suggested the need of a model indicating how these deficiencies can be addressed by the educational institutions for ethical development of higher education learners.

With the emergence of internet and World Wide Web, traditional businesses got a new opportunity to compete globally. Traditional bricks-and-mortar businesses became electronic business (e-business) by utilizing Information and Communication Technology (ICT) tools. A new term of Mobile Commerce (M-Commerce) has created tremendous spectrum of business opportunities for businesses. Although there has been large scale adoption of M-Commerce in developing economies, but little growth is observed in developing economies such as Pakistan. There are doubts that users of M-commerce demonstrate a lack of enthusiasm, which may be due to lack of trustworthiness. Based on the well-known and widely used Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), this research study provides the conceptual framework, underpinning the relationship of trust with the adoption of M-commerce in Pakistan. The aim of this paper is to study the role of trust and its relationship with the acceptance of M-Commerce in Pakistan.

Economic and environmental eco-design of mobile phones is considered as promising; however in customer marketplace it’s still ineffectual. Inadequate eco-design of green mobile phones determines the lack of consumer voice and participation for product development and design in the marketplace. The main impediment is that, many organizations are asked to formulate and present their designs that support environmental green mobile phone characteristics and features but these organizations are not sufficient enough to recognize their voice in the planning and designing phase of product development. The research proposed in this paper fills the gap between wispy consumer perspective and designer’s approach for developing green mobile phones. To research emphasizes on consumer-influenced criteria and features for green mobiles development by reflecting green mobile phone definition and uses quantitative approach as a tool of analysis performed to prove how customer participation can improve the overall green mobile phone design. The research is performed at University Malaysia Pahang where suggestions from different students and staff and other employees were statistically analyzed to prove that customer voice and involvement is really important and major factor for developing green eco-friendly mobile phones.

The purpose of this paper is to explore the integration of Information Communication Technology (ICT) into collaborative learning and Co-Curricular Activity Program Halagah (study circle) as a pedagogical mechanism in the context of International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) by examining the implementation of collaborative learning and Co-Curricular Activity Program. This study designed, developed and evaluated an ICT artifact, including Facebook's page and groups based on Cruz and Carvalho framework for practicing collaboration and research on meaningful learning of the Quran. All features utilized be evaluated by library-based research, observation, Facebook's metrics and interviews based on activities and interactions amongst students and all users in Facebook page and groups with design science research methodology (DSRM). This study shows students and learners could practice, collaborate and regulate their knowledge in this platform, using developing artifact, and enhance their critical thinking and religious awareness. The research is expected to augment the collaborative learning and study circle program in IIUM.

The integration of information and communication technology (ICT) in the healthcare sector has been one of the important areas of research since last two decades. The application of RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) technology is widely used in healthcare sector to provide better, reliable and secure services. RFID systems are integrated into hospital information systems and provide full automation and streamline the important modules of patient identification, staff allocation, doctors, medicines and treatments. In this paper, we propose RFID based conceptual framework for smart hospital management system which provides a safe and secure patient data management system. We also highlight the importance of RFID in healthcare domain with the help of an example case study with a working prototype application.

Recent advances in Learning Management System (LMS) has provided a lot of opportunities for academic institutions and organizations to provide quality education with added flexibility of allowing students to study anywhere at any time. In spite of this, there are still some challenges in flexible learning environment which are affecting the performance character of students negatively. These challenges cannot be ignored to produce a skilled professional having moral character through evolving learning environment. This study is conducted to explore the same theme. The objective of study is to evaluate the missing factors in electronic learning environment which may cause of unethical behavior of students. A quantitative method was used to reveal the realities. The sample was consisted of 150 students and 15 teachers involved in online courses. A detail questionnaire was used to collect data from the respondents. The finding and analysis of data showed that tools of LMS are providing lot of opportunities for academic institutions but there is lack of required factors which play major role in ethical development of online learner. The study also proposed an abstract model to compensate this deficiency.

This paper discusses about the design of a Situation Awareness (SA) system to support vessel crews and control room operators in improving the decision making process. The architecture of the system is ontology based. The vessel crews and control room operators may face a loss of SA. They may have limited cognitive abilities which make it difficult to make a decision in a high stress level, short time availability and continuously evolving situation with incomplete information. In this work, we describe the application of Semantic Web Rule Language to represent corresponding knowledge in the maritime surveillance domain. The result of this research will demonstrate that an ontology based system can be used to remodel the information into a meaningful and valuable form to predict the future states of SA and improve the decision making process.