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This paper explores the patterns of knowledge production of science and engineering from catching-up via overtaking to the achievement of leadership in global industries. In particular, it examines the depth and direction of knowledge production with proxy variables of patents and bibliometric data of a latecomer firm. Moreover, it explores the changing patterns of knowledge sourcing in the firm during the transition from catch-up to forging ahead and with specific references to the experience of Samsung Electronics Company. This study shows that the patterns of scientific and engineering activities increased as the firm proceeds to the forging ahead period, the patterns of knowledge sourcing evolved in the direction of increasing importance of the domestic knowledge base, and the collaborative partners for generating knowledge changed as the firm's capabilities were enhanced to approach cutting-edge technologies. This paper illuminates the importance of intraorganizational capabilities and domestic knowledge bases to advance a latecomer firm's knowledge generating capabilities into a stage of forging ahead. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the development process of regulatory innovation during the stages of upgrading innovation based technology for late industrialized countries. Using three cases of complex products in the nuclear industry, with special reference to (South) Korea, we investigate the regulatory innovation and formation process between regulators and developers. Although exploratory, this study shows that when the technical characteristics of a product are similar to those of existing platforms, minor institutional innovation is settled easily. On the contrary, as the discontinuity of a product technology increases, it becomes more likely that the lock-in effect of existing institutional schemes will hinder innovation. This paper contributes to the technology upgrading literature by highlighting the considerable importance of institutional capabilities. • Regulatory innovation is critical for industrial upgrading in latecomers. • Co-evolution of technology and regulation is critical for upgrading process. • Successful regulatory innovation occurs in incremental technological change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] Paper presents post-catch-up innovation activities in Korea based on case studies. [•] Approached from coevolution of PLC and national innovation system. [•] Three directions were observed: Deepening process, architectural, and radical innovations. [•] Also catch-up sys may act as obstacle to transition due to institutional rigidity. [•] Suggests the need for new expansion of the existing PLC theory for latecomers. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]