39 results on '"Labor risks"'
Search Results
2. Age, gender, personality, burnout, job characteristics and job content as predictors of driver fatigue.
- Author
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Tàpia-Caballero, Patricia, Serrano-Fernández, María-José, Boada-Cuerva, Maria, Boada-Grau, Joan, Assens-Serra, Jordi, and Robert-Sentís, Lluís
- Subjects
TRAFFIC safety ,PERSONALITY ,PSYCHOLOGICAL burnout ,RESEARCH evaluation ,SOCIAL support ,AGE distribution ,JOB descriptions ,MULTIPLE regression analysis ,SEX distribution ,PEARSON correlation (Statistics) ,AUTOMOBILE driving ,THEORY ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,PREDICTION models ,STATISTICAL sampling ,DATA analysis software ,INDUSTRIAL hygiene ,STATISTICAL models ,MENTAL fatigue - Abstract
Objectives. Several studies have shown that one of the most common causes of collision is driver fatigue since fatigue causes drowsiness while driving and this decreases the driver's ability to maneuver the vehicle and increases the probability of their nodding off and falling asleep at the wheel. This may be due to a variety of personal reasons and specific factors connected to working conditions. In the present work we therefore intend to develop a predictive model for fatigue in professional drivers using the following indicators: age, gender, personality, burnout, characteristics and job content. Method. The participants were 516 professional drivers from different transport sectors, obtained through non-probabilistic sampling. SPSS version 25.0 was used for data analysis. Results. The predictive capacity of a number of variables that affect drivers by causing fatigue is determined. Fatigue can be predicted through certain variables, with the best predictor being exhaustion (48.8%). Conclusions. This research contributes to a greater knowledge of the factors that produce fatigue in professional drivers. It highlights the importance of designing interventions to reduce the incidence of fatigue, resulting in greater well-being for the driver and a lower incidence of collisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Variables that predict burnout in professional drivers.
- Author
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Tàpia-Caballero, Patricia, Serrano-Fernández, María-José, Boada-Cuerva, Maria, Araya-Castillo, Luis, and Boada-Grau, Joan
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PSYCHOLOGICAL burnout ,SICK leave ,TEACHER burnout ,EMOTIONAL stability ,INDUSTRIAL hygiene ,JOB descriptions ,AUTOMOBILE driver education ,JOB stress - Abstract
Objectives. Stress maintained over time leads to a state of exhaustion known as burnout syndrome. This syndrome constitutes an occupational health problem, leading to high absenteeism. It can also mean that workers come to the workplace feeling unwell, which increases occupational collisions and injuries at work. In this study, we developed a predictive model of burnout in professional drivers using the following indicators: age, hours worked, seniority, educational level, fatigue, personality, attitudes toward driving, safety behaviors in the vehicle, and work characteristics and content. Method. A total of 523 professional drivers from different transport sectors, obtained through non-probability sampling, participated in the study. We used SPSS version 25.0 to analyze the data. Results. We determined the predictive capacity of certain variables that affect drivers and cause burnout. Exhaustion can be predicted with fatigue (48.8%), professional efficiency with emotional stability (39.8%) and cynicism with lack of motivation (28%) as the best predictors. Conclusions. The results contribute to a better knowledge of those factors that cause burnout in professional drivers. It is important to design individual interventions to reduce burnout, which would help reduce sick leave and possible collisions, in addition to providing greater well-being for drivers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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- View/download PDF
4. Influence that job characteristics, personality and burnout have on fatigue in professional drivers.
- Author
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Tàpia-Caballero, Patricia, Serrano-Fernández, María-José, Boada-Cuerva, Maria, Sora, Beatriz, and Boada-Grau, Joan
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JOB descriptions ,PSYCHOLOGICAL burnout ,OPENNESS to experience ,PERSONALITY ,PROFESSIONAL employees ,COMMONS ,JOB stress - Abstract
Objectives. Professional drivers drive for many hours without rest. This factor, in addition to the characteristics of the job, the vehicle, the environment and the driver, causes driver fatigue. Fatigue is one of the most common risk factors when driving because it causes drowsiness, decreases drivers' attention and may make them fall asleep at the wheel. In this article we propose a predictive model for professional drivers using the following variables: age, number of children, time spent at work, time spent inside the vehicle, personality, job characteristics (JDS), job content (JCQ) and burnout. Method. Participants were 509 professional drivers from various transport sectors recruited by non-probabilistic sampling. SPSS version 25.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results. The predictive capacity of variables that cause driver fatigue was determined. Exhaustion best predicts fatigue positively, while openness to experience best predicts it negatively. Burnout and certain personality characteristics are good predictors, whereas other variables, such as JCQ and JDS, are weak predictors. Conclusions. This study extends our knowledge of the factors that cause fatigue in professional drivers and underlines the importance of designing interventions aimed at reducing the incidence of fatigue, promoting greater driver well-being and lowering the incidence of accidents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Labor Union participation and occupational health: A positive relationship / Participación sindical y salud laboral: una relación positiva
- Author
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Raúl Payá Castiblanque and Pere J. Beneyto Calatayud
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Crisis ,Precariousness ,Labor risks ,Union intervention ,Social Sciences - Abstract
After more than a decade of progressive decline in statistical records of accidents at work, the confluence between economic crisis and labor reform has led, since 2013, a rebound in the loss ratio, parallel to the increase in contractual precariousness, the contraction of public and business policies in the field of occupational health, as well as the reduction of coverage and functions of union representation. The article reviews the normative regulation and recent evolution of the Spanish model of prevention of occupational risks, both physical and psycho-social, investigating the causes and effects of the correlation detected among its main indicators (prevention, training, accident rate and evaluation) with those of the employee participation system, both generic (union delegates and works councils) and specialized (prevention delegates and health and safety committees), concluding with various proposals aimed at strengthening and expanding this union intervention.
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- 2018
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6. ELABORACIÓN DE UN PLAN MÍNIMO DE PREVENCIÓN DE RIESGOS LABORALES PARA UNA MICROEMPRESA ECUATORIANA DEL SECTOR SERVICIO//A MINIMUM LABOR RISKS PREVENTION PLAN FOR A MICROENTERPRISE IN THE SERVICE SECTOR IN ECUADOR
- Author
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Kerly Johana Narváez Lucas and Marisabel Luna Cardozo
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Plan de prevención ,riesgos laborales ,política de seguridad ,salud en el trabajo ,evaluación de riesgos ,Prevention plan ,labor risks ,policy of safety ,health at work ,risk assessment ,Technology ,Science - Abstract
El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar el proceso de elaboración de un Plan Mínimo de Prevención de Riesgos Laborables para la microempresa Lavadora y Lubricadora Cantos Jr. del cantón Puerto López, en Ecuador. Ha sido definida la política de seguridad y salud en el trabajo; identificados, medidos y evaluados los factores de riesgos en los puestos de trabajo de dicha microempresa a fin de proponer medidas de control y, de esta manera, garantizar la prevención de accidentes laborales y enfermedades ocupacionales. El desarrollo del trabajo se apoyó en el método de evaluación de riesgos de William Fine, el método Istas 21, y en la aplicación de la Matriz de Riesgos Laborales. Para la elaboración del Plan Mínimo de Prevención de Riesgos Laborales se considera el formato expedido por el Ministerio de Relaciones Laborales, ajustado a la definición de la política en esta materia y a la gestión técnica del reglamento para el Sistema de Auditoría de Riesgos del Trabajo, como resultado, se resalta del plan mínimo propuesto la definición de la política, los capítulos y los artículos adaptados a la microempresa en estudio, los cuales contribuyen a garantizar la seguridad y salud de sus trabajadores. // The objective of this work is to present the elaboration of a Minimum Plan of Prevention of Working Risks for the microcompany (Microenterprise es más usado) “Lavadora and Lubricadora Cantos Jr.” of the canton Puerto Lopez, in Ecuador. The health and safety at work policy has been defined. The risk factors at the workplace have been identified, measured and evaluated in order to propose some control measures that will ensure the prevention of occupational injuries and illnesses. The development of this work was based on the William Fine risk assessment method and Istas 21 method, and the application of the Risk Working Matrix. For the elaboration of the Minimum Plan for the Prevention of Occupational Risks, the format issued by the Ministry of Labor Relations is considered, adjusted to the ruling policy in this matter, and to the technical management of the Regulations for the Workplace Risk Audit System. As a result, the definition of the policy, chapters, and articles adapted to the microenterprise under study are highlighted, to ensure the safety and health of its workers.
- Published
- 2016
7. EVALUACIÓN ERGONÓMICA EN EL ÁREA DE DESPOSTE DE UNA EMPRESA VENEZOLANA PRODUCTORA DE CÁRNICOS // ERGONOMIC EVALUATION OF THE DEBONING AREA OF A MEAT PRODUCTS VENEZUELAN COMPANY
- Author
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María Antonieta Riera and Dicmary Aranguren Herrera
- Subjects
Ergonomía ,riesgo disergonómico ,desposte ,REBA ,Prevention plan ,labor risks ,policy of safety ,health at work ,risk assessment ,Technology ,Science - Abstract
El presente trabajo se realizó en el área de desposte de una empresa de productos cárnicos, ubicada en la ciudad de Barquisimeto estado Lara, Venezuela, con el objetivo de evaluar ergonómicamente los puestos de trabajo, debido a padecimientos de enfermedades de tipo músculo esqueléticas en sus trabajadores. En tal sentido, se aplicaron como técnicas de recolección y análisis de información: Observación directa, entrevistas, diagrama de flujo de procesos, lista de verificación, diagrama causa-efecto. Del mismo modo, se evaluó el nivel de riesgo disergonómico mediante el método Valoración Rápida del Cuerpo Completo (REBA), determinando que las mayores causas asignables a la presencia de estas patologías se deben a los movimientos repetitivos, trabajo netamente manual, adopción de posturas forzadas, falta de tiempos de descanso, altura inadecuada de los puestos de trabajo, ausencia de equipos mecánicos, traduciéndose como exposición a un alto nivel de riesgo. En consecuencia, se recomendó la implementación de mejoras inmediatas para el beneficio de los operadores, que incluyeron: instalación de alfombras antifatiga, pausas y tiempos de descansos, rotación de trabajadores, rediseño de puesto de trabajo acordes a las medidas antropométricas de los trabajadores, formación del personal e implementación de equipo mecánicos. // The present work was developed in the deboning area of a meat products company, located in the city of Barquisimeto, Lara state, Venezuela, with the objective of evaluating the ergonomics of its workstations, due to musculoskeletal illnesses reported in some workers. In this sense, the data collection and analysis techniques used were: Direct observation, interviews, process flow chart, checklist and cause-effect diagrams. The level of dysergonomic risk was assessed using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment method (REBA), determining that the major causes of the mentioned pathologies were repetitive movements, manual work adopting forced postures, lack of rest periods, inadequate height of the work stations, and no mechanicals equipments for specific tasks, all this resulting in a high risk level for the employees. Consequently, in order to reduce these risks, a set of measures were recommended for its immediated application. Among these measures were: the installations of anti-fatigue carpets, implementation of resting periods, rotating schedules, redesign of workstations according to the anthropometric measures of the workers, training of personnel and installation of mechanical equipment to perform certain tasks.
- Published
- 2016
8. El controvertido principio de voluntariedad de la vigilancia de la salud en el ámbito laboral
- Author
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José Manuel Sánchez Torrado
- Subjects
Fundamental rights ,Labor risks ,Vigilancia de la salud ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Health surveillance ,Derechos fundamentales ,Riesgos laborales ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
La vigilancia de la salud, a través de los reconocimientos médicos, se con- sidera uno de los instrumentos más relevantes para velar por la seguridad y salud de las personas trabajadoras. Si bien, la conexión entre vigilancia de la salud y los derechos fundamentales de las personas trabajadoras, unido al interés empresarial por cumplir la obligación de garantizar la vigilancia de la salud, provoca una alta conflictividad, que se ha visto incrementada por el surgimiento de nuevos riesgos emergentes en el ámbito laboral. En este sentido, los riesgos relacionados con la pandemia, la implantación de la digitalización e inteligencia artificial en las organizaciones productivas dota de mayor protagonismo la vigilancia de la salud y nos obliga a analizar la efectividad del marco normativo ante los nuevos riesgos y desafíos para la seguridad y salud de las personas trabajadoras. Health surveillance, through medical examinations, is considered one of the most relevant instruments to ensure the safety and health of workers. Al- though the connection between health surveillance and the fundamental rights of workers, together with the business interest in complying with the obligation to guarantee health surveillance, causes a high level of conflict, which has been increased by the emergence of new emerging risks in the workplace. In this sense, the risks related to the pandemic, the implemen- tation of digitization and artificial intelligence in productive organizations give health surveillance a greater role and force us to analyze the effective- ness of the regulatory framework in the face of new risks and challenges for the safety and health of workers.
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- 2022
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9. Identificación de riesgos en la Recapadora de Neumáticos "Ramiro Blanco Torres" de Santiago de Cuba.
- Author
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Frómeta-Martinez, Yumarci, Árias-Lafargue, Telvia, González-Veranes, Rodislán, and Vázquez-Hernández, Reinier
- Abstract
The investigation was developed in the Recapadora of Pneumatic Ramiro Blanco Torres of Santiago from Cuba. In the same one they were identified as labor risks the mechanical, chemical, physical, ergonomic risks, of fire and bigger risks, which can generate severe damages to the health of the workers 97 factors of risks were identified being the area that more risks present that of production, from which you/they can expand some damages generated by the existent risks. For the identification of the risks a womb of identification of risks was elaborated besides a diagram it causes-effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
10. Future risk of dengue fever to workforce and industry through global supply chain.
- Author
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Nakano, Katsuyuki
- Subjects
DENGUE ,MOSQUITOES ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,SUPPLY chains ,INFECTION - Abstract
The primary vector of the dengue fever virus, the
Aedes aegypti mosquito, is distributed across the tropical and sub-tropical latitudes; however, the area at risk of infection has been expanding steadily. This study aimed to identify the industries most vulnerable to the effects of dengue fever by 2030. The assessment was done by considering the international supply chain, with aspects such as the labor intensity, and the relevant geographical and socioeconomic aspects being taken into account. In addition, multi-regional input-output tables were employed to analyze the ripple effects of productivity losses resulting from workers contracting the disease. The results indicate that more than 10% of the workers involved in the supply chain of all the major industries in the United States (USA), China, Japan, and Germany could be considered at risk of contracting dengue fever by 2030. Moreover, the risk was even higher in India and Brazil, namely, more than 70%. The effect of widespread dengue fever infection could influence industrial activities severely, not only in the regions most at risk (India and Brazil) but also in the other regions (USA, Japan, and Germany). Labor-intensive industries, such as agriculture, fisheries, and the distribution sector are particularly at risk and will have to consider appropriate contingency measures. It is recommended that the downstream side of the supply chain, the industries in the USA, Japan, and Germany, supports the introduction of worker’s health management system against the infectious disease into their business partners. This study employed limited data and only estimated the possible effects of the disease by 2030. Further comprehensive analysis is required with more data modeled for the future to verify and enhance the reliability of the present results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
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11. Influence that job characteristics, personality and burnout have on fatigue in professional drivers
- Author
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Joan Boada-Grau, Beatriz Sora, Maria Boada-Cuerva, Patricia Tàpia-Caballero, and María-José Serrano-Fernández
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Automobile Driving ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Applied psychology ,Accidents, Traffic ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Labor risks ,Burnout ,Occupational safety and health ,Rest (finance) ,Humans ,Personality ,Occupations ,Characteristics personality ,Child ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality ,Psychology ,Burnout, Professional ,human activities ,Safety Research ,Fatigue ,media_common - Abstract
Background: Professional drivers drive for many hours without rest. This factor, in addition to the characteristics of the job, the vehicle, the environment and the driver, causes driver fatigue. F...
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- 2021
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12. Risk in the management of dental amalgam in dental medium and small entities in the department of Antioquia, Colombia
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Jairo A. Ruiz, Jorge I. Pérez, Gabriel J. Gómez, María E. Carmona, Luis A. Zapata, and Rosaura Carmona C
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mercury ,dental amalgam ,dental offices ,occupational health ,labor risks ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
This article is based on the applied research “Environmental Management of the Dental Amalgam in Antioquia, Colombia”, which was financed by the company New Stetic S. A. and the University of Antioquia. The research was carried out between 2005 and 2007 by the following groups: Biomedical Science and Technology, Precious Materials, and Pyrometallurgical and Materials Researches, and the Research and Development Division of the mentioned company. Objetive: to describe and characterize the activities about handling mercury, dental amalgam and its waste in 107 dental offices defined as medium and small, that is to say those with less than five dental chairs in the same workplace. Methodology: a poll was made in each institution filling a questionnaire about personal details of the interviewee, mercury and amalgam handling, occupational health, training, environmental conditions, and waste management. Each dental office was visited by a research engineer and an advanced engineering student who were trained in advance in order to collect the information. Results: a reflection aimed to establish integral actions and safe methodologies in the short term to promote a better quality service and a minimum risk for the people exposed to mercury and the ecosystem must be encouraged by dental and administrative staff, as well as by surveillance and control institutions and the educational institutions devoted to the formation of dental professionals.
- Published
- 2009
13. Railway transport liberalization in the European Union: Freight, labor and health toward the year 2020 in Spain.
- Author
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López Peláez, Antonio, Segado Sánchez-Cabezudo, Sagrario, and Kyriakou, Dimitris
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GOVERNMENT ownership of railroads ,FINANCIAL liberalization ,FREIGHT & freightage ,LABOR ,PUBLIC investments ,INDUSTRIAL hygiene - Abstract
Abstract: The year 2010 is a key year for European railway transport as it marks the liberalization of the railway sector in a context of economic crisis. The railway sector is a driving force behind the economy of any country. In the case of Spain, in particular, the sector is undergoing a process of liberalization following large public investments that have provided the country with one of the most extensive high-speed railway networks in Europe. Using a methodological approach that seeks a balance between future studies and constructivist studies on the interaction between technology and society, we examine the present and future consequences of railway transport liberalization, in the case-study of Spain, focusing on a key aspect of the process: changes in occupational health and safety conditions in a sector that must ensure full passenger, worker and freight safety. Through a comparison of actual risks, perceived risks and foreseeable risks, we analyze the main shortcomings of the liberalization model that is currently being implemented and strategies for dealing with foreseeable risks in a scenario of change. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2012
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14. PROCEDIMIENTO PARA LA GESTIÓN DE LA SEGURIDAD Y LA SALUD EN EL TRABAJO EN EL SECTOR EMPRESARIAL CUBANO.
- Author
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Sotolongo Sánchez, C. Maria
- Subjects
- *
INDUSTRIAL safety management , *TALENT management , *RISK assessment , *INDUSTRIAL hygiene , *INDUSTRIAL productivity , *INDUSTRIAL efficiency , *INDUSTRIAL safety - Abstract
In the present article a general procedure for managing work safety and health in the Cuban business sector is proposed, with a focus on achieving an effective management of human capital which may increasingly contribute to productivity and life quality workers' improvement. As a result of the application of this procedure we could prove the possibility of identifying, assessing and controlling work risks in a systematic way and also to design work safety and health management programs including the risks prevention program, all kind disasters' plans, plans for fire extinction and first aids in the Cuban business entities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
15. La política de salud y seguridad en el trabajo: La eficacia de la LOPCYMAT.
- Author
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Luis Eduardo, Díaz
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LABOR policy ,GOVERNMENT policy on industrial safety ,INDUSTRIAL hygiene ,VENEZUELAN politics & government, 1999- ,LABOR economics ,SOCIAL security ,GOVERNMENT policy - Abstract
Copyright of Fermentum: Revista Venezolana de Sociologia y Antropologia is the property of Universidad de Los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2008
16. La pénibilité au travail. Une question au cœur du management des ressources humaines
- Author
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Tronnet, Léa, Grenoble Institut d'Administration des Entreprises (UGA INP IAE), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), TESSI SERVICES, 177 cours de la Libération et du Général de Gaulle, 38100 Grenoble, and Martine Ceyzeriat
- Subjects
Risques professionnels ,Prévention ,Prevention ,Risques psychosociaux ,Compte professionnel de prévention ,Labor risks ,[SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration ,Usure professionnelle ,Pénibilité ,Strain in the workplace - Abstract
On November 9th ,2010, the law recognized and defined for the first-time strain in the workplace. Since then, substantial progress has been made in the field. Over the past ten years, the law has already been amended four times. These changes generated new duties for the companies. Duties, which are often fulfilled by the Human Resources Department (HRD). Indeed, it is the Human Resources Department which is, thanks to its skills, in the best position to manage the problem of strain in the workplace. But how can the HRD do it? What are, in concrete terms, the tasks which have to be carried out in order to fulfil the legal requirements? Through the example of TESSI, an international company which employs approximatively 13,000 employees, this paper would try to provide an answer to these questions. It will also deal with the stakes and the limits of these legal requirements.; La loi du 9 novembre 2010 est la première à véritablement reconnaitre et définir la pénibilité du travail. Depuis, de nombreuses avancées ont été faites dans le domaine. En dix ans, la législation a déjà été modifiée quatre fois, renforçant toujours davantage les obligations des entreprises. Des obligations, qui, bien souvent, sont remplies par le service des Ressources Humaines. C’est en effet lui, qui, de par ses compétences, est le plus à même de gérer le dossier de la pénibilité. Mais comment peut-il faire ? Quelles sont, concrètement, les missions à effectuer dans le domaine de la pénibilité pour remplir les obligations légales ? Ce mémoire, au travers de l’exemple de TESSI, Groupe international de 13 000 salariés, tentera d’apporter une réponse à ces questions, tout en soulevant les enjeux et les limites de ces obligations légales.
- Published
- 2020
17. ВЛИЯНИЕ РАЗЛИЧИЙ В СОБЛЮДЕНИИ НОРМ И ПРАВИЛ ТРУДОВОГО ЗАКОНОДАТЕЛЬСТВА НА РАЗВИТИЕ РЫНКА ТРУДА В РОССИИ
- Subjects
профессиональные рынки труда ,защита занятости ,трудовые риски ,regional labor markets ,региональные рынки труда ,labor risks ,Professional labor markets ,employment protection - Abstract
Эффективность функционирования рынка труда в первую очередь зависит от структуры его институтов, включая Трудовой Кодекс Российской Федерации. Однако исполнение законодательства, в разной степени, может варьироваться в зависимости от регионов, городов, сегментов фирм. Что, в свою очередь, накладывает определенные ограничения на развитие рынка труда.В статье рассматривается вопрос о межрегиональных и межвременных колебаний в применении законодательных институтов, а так же вопрос о том, какое влияние данные колебания оказывают на развитие рынка труда в России.Строгость российских законов компенсируется их несоблюдением., The efficiency of the labor market functioning depends mostly on the structure of its institutions, including the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. However, the implementation of legislation, to varying degrees, may vary depending on regions, cities, and segments of companies. That, in turn, imposes certain restrictions on the development of the labor market.The article discusses the issue of interregional and intertemporal fluctuations in the application of legislative institutions, as well as the question of the impact these fluctuations have on the development of the labor market in Russia.The severity of Russian laws is compensated by their nonobservance.Probably M. SaltykovShchedrin., №6(84) (2019)
- Published
- 2019
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18. Social and environmental mapping and labor risks in the Catalan regional of the Federal University of Goiás - year 2018
- Author
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Soares, Daiane Dizielle Meireles, Ferreira, Idelvone Mendes, Silva, Wellington Andrade da, and Lima, João Donizete
- Subjects
GEOGRAFIA [CIENCIAS HUMANAS] ,Segurança do trabalho ,Labor risks ,Workplace safety ,Regional Catalão/UFG ,Riscos laborais - Abstract
O ambiente de trabalho é um dos lugares de maior vivência de um trabalhador que permanece nele, por vezes, mais de oito (08) horas diárias. Dessa forma, esse ambiente deve ofertar meios que garantam a preservação da condição física e psicossocial salubre dos seus funcionários. Neste contexto, no âmbito das universidades públicas e privadas, ocorre um embate entre os interesses do sistema socioeconômico e a garantia da Qualidade de Vida desses profissionais, servidores efetivos ou terceirizados, que ofertam a sua força de trabalho para o desenvolvimento das atividades dentro das mesmas. A legislação evoluiu muito até aqui, ainda sim, profissionais da área de segurança do trabalho, e que trabalham com levantamentos socioambientais, identificam que poucas pessoas sabem da importância da aplicação de técnicas que asseguram a qualidade de vida no trabalho e a própria preservação do ambiente, que interage direta e indiretamente com a produção ou serviços por elas executados. Na perspectiva da compreensão dos riscos ambientais presentes em diversas atividades de uma instituição de ensino, em suas atividades práticas de laboratórios ou nas próprias atividades cotidianas daqueles que fazem a universidade funcionar, esta pesquisa teve por objetivo entender a dinâmica dos trabalhos realizados na Universidade Federal de Goiás - Regional Catalão (GO), buscando verificar os riscos socioambientais que estão presentes nessas atividades. Os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados foram a pesquisa bibliográfica e leituras de teses e dissertações que versão sobre a temática; pesquisa de campo pautada em observações e registros em diário de campo. Os resultados dos dados e entrevistas coletadas em trabalhos de campo foram expostos no segundo e no terceiro capítulo da presente pesquisa. No terceiro capítulo estão evidenciados os tipos de riscos ambientais existentes e as medidas preventivas possíveis para a eliminação ou a neutralização dos mesmos. Entre outros aspectos, a pesquisa apontou que há fatores psicossociais e socioambientais que podem levar ao adoecimento ou à ocorrência de acidentes com servidores efetivos, terceirizados e alunos na Instituição. The work environment is one of the most experienced places of a worker who stays in it, sometimes more than eight (08) hours a day. In this way, this environment must offer means that guarantee the preservation of the salutary physical and psychosocial condition of its employees. In this context, in the context of public and private universities, there is a clash between the interests of the socioeconomic system and the guarantee of the Quality of Life of these professionals, effective or outsourced servants, who offer their work force for the development of activities within the same . The legislation has evolved a lot up to now, but professionals in the area of occupational safety, who work with social and environmental surveys, identify that few people know the importance of applying techniques that ensure the quality of life at work and the very preservation of the environment , which interacts directly and indirectly with the production or services they perform. In order to understand the environmental risks present in various activities of an educational institution, in its practical activities in laboratories or in the daily activities of those who make the university work, this research aimed to understand the dynamics of the work carried out at the Federal University of Goiás - Regional Catalão (GO), seeking to verify the socio-environmental risks that are present in these activities. The methodological procedures used were the bibliographical research and readings of theses and dissertations that version on the subject; Field research based on observations and field journal records. The results of the data and interviews collected in field work were exposed in the second and third chapter of the present research. The third chapter shows the types of environmental risks that exist and the possible preventive measures to eliminate or neutralize them. Among other aspects, the research pointed out that there are psychosocial and socioenvironmental factors that can lead to the illness or the occurrence of accidents with effective, outsourced and student employees in the Institution. Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás - FAPEG
- Published
- 2019
19. La prevención penal de riesgos laborales en Chile: la necesidad de un delito de peligro
- Author
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Patricia Gallo
- Subjects
Sociology and Political Science ,Penal code ,Political science ,Labor risks ,peligro abstracto-concreto ,ley penal en blanco ,riesgo permitido ,Law ,Humanities ,Riesgos laborales ,infracción administrativa - Abstract
espanolGran parte de las lesiones y muertes sufridas por los trabajadores en el desarrollo de su tarea laboral, son consecuencia de la infraccion de las normas de seguridad por parte del empresario/empleador. Este dato de la realidad, sumado al hecho del alto nivel de siniestralidad laboral registrado, fundamentan el adelanto de la intervencion del Derecho penal, mediante la creacion de un delito de peligro (de riesgos laborales) para sancionar al empresario que incumple la normativa de prevencion, poniendo en peligro grave la vida y salud de sus dependientes, sin necesidad de que se concreten los resultados lesivos imprudentes (lesiones y muertes). Si bien el Codigo Penal chileno no cuenta todavia con el delito de riesgos laborales, hubo varios intentos legislativos en ese sentido. EnglishA large proportion of the injuries and deaths suffered by workers during the course of their labor are a consequence of the infringement of safety regulations by the business owner/employer. This data, in addition to the high level of work-related accidents registered, is the basis for anticipating the intervention of the Criminal law trough the creation of an endangerment crime regarding work-related risks to punish the business owner who breaks prevention regulations, and thus puts in serious danger the life and health of his employees. This offense does not require the causation of negligent harmful results (i.e., an injury or de victim´s death). Although the Chilean Penal Code still does not include the crime of labor risks, there were several legislative attempts in that sense.
- Published
- 2019
20. Determinación de Riesgos Existentes en la Industria Panificadora y la Manera de Evitarlos y Controlarlos
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Vinicio Paredes Peralta, Darío Fernando Guamán Lozada, Diego Iván Cajamarca Carrasco, Juan Carlos Naranjo Herrera, and Gustavo Efraín Carrera Oña
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Political science ,Labor risks ,Training plan ,Humanities - Abstract
En la presente investigacion se realizo una evaluacion de los riesgos laborales presentes en 6 panificadoras en la ciudad de Riobamba. El trabajo de la industria panificadora consiste en la elaboracion de un alimento de tipo cereal como lo es el pan, el cual ademas de ser tradicional, se ha convertido en un producto de consumo diario. Esto hace de dicha industria una de las principales contribuyentes a la economia de un pais o region. Las variables estudiadas en esta investigacion en particular son los riesgos laborales, la senalizacion de materiales de proteccion, rutas de escape, ademas de posibles agentes externos como son las plagas y roedores. El objetivo del presente trabajo se logro a traves de la encuesta pre-realizada al personal de las panificadoras, encuesta donde se determinaron los riesgos, los accidentes que estos implican y la manera de controlarlos. Posterior al estudio pre se ejecuto un plan de capacitacion sobre los diferentes factores de riesgo, medidas preventivas, senaletica de la panificadora y se llevo a cabo la elaboracion del manual de prevencion de riesgos laborales. Gracias a esto, fue posible concluir que hubo una disminucion de riesgos y accidentes laborales en un 69%. De igual manera se pudo contribuir a la promocion de una cultura de seguridad e higiene en las panificadoras a traves de herramientas utiles para el empresario, esto con el fin de reducir los peligros y accidentes laborales y, de esta manera, manera mejorar la productividad y la calidad de sus productos. This paper focuses on evaluating the labor risks of 6 bakeries in the city of Riobamba. The work of the bakery industry consists of making a cerealtype food such as bread, which, in addition to being traditional, has become a product of daily consumption. This makes this industry one of the main contributors to the economy of a country or region. The variables studied in this research in particular are occupational hazards, signaling protection materials, escape routes, as well as possible external agents such as pests and rodents. The objective of the present work was achieved through the presurvey carried out on the personnel of the breadmakers, survey where the risks were determined, the accidents that these imply, and the way to control them. After the pre-study, a training plan was carried out on the different risk factors, preventive measures, and the signage of the bakery. In addition, the preparation of the manual for the prevention of occupational hazards was carried out. Thanks to this, it was possible to conclude that there was a decrease in risks and accidents at work by 69%. In the same way, it was possible to contribute to the promotion of a safety and hygiene culture in bakeries through useful tools for the employer. This would help to reduce occupational hazards and accidents and, in this way, improve productivity and the quality of their products.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. REPRESENTAÇÃO SOCIAL DE ENFERMEIROS E ACADÊMICOS DE ENFERMAGEM SOBRE A PERCEPÇÃO DOS RISCOS LABORAIS A QUE ESTÃO EXPOSTOS EM UNIDADES DE ATENÇÃO Á SAÚDE
- Author
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Azucena del Valle Rojas, Adenícia Custódia Silva e Souza, and Cristina ARREGUY- Sena
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Labor risks ,nurses ,nursing academics ,Nursing ,RT1-120 - Abstract
Social representation of nurses and academics of nursing about the perception of the works risks in which they are exposed in units of health care attendance services. Analyzing 18 people's perception among nurses and academics of nursing on the risks in which they are exposed in the hospital environment and in primary attendance services to the health, we used the social representations as a methodological referential. We used the analysis of content proposed by Bardin and we recorded the interviews starting from an specific question. "Cartoon" technique and the free drawings technique were used to collect data, and the methodological course is explicit in seven steps. It could be noticed as risks, the institutional relationships, professional and personal relationships. The work conditions worsened by the professional acquaintance in serious situations and of proximity with the death. The participants were considered not very valued in its potentiality, since the relationships of power and a very strict hierarchy prevail. The medical hegemony and the financial conditions were noticed as the base of the institutional decisions.
- Published
- 2000
22. PERSONAL TYPOLOGICAL DETERMINERS AND LABOR RISKS OF HUMAN RESOURCES STRATEGIES
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Sergey Dukhnovsky
- Subjects
Public economics ,business.industry ,Labor risks ,Human resources ,business - Published
- 2017
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23. Eating and Drinking in Labor
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Nicola Vousden, Claire Daly, and Andrew Shennan
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business.industry ,Environmental health ,Labor risks ,Medicine ,business - Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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24. EVALUACIÓN DE RIESGOS LABORALES EN EMPRESAS DEL SECTOR HOSTELERO DE VALENCIA Y PROPUESTAS DE MEJORA BASADO EN ANÁLISIS ESTADÍSTICO DE FACTORES DE RIESGO
- Author
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Boscá Porta, Alba
- Subjects
STATISTICS ,ESTADISTICA E INVESTIGACION OPERATIVA ,LABOR RISKS ,RISCOS LABORALS ,ESTADISTIQUES ,INGENIERIA NUCLEAR ,AVALUACIÓ ,HOSTALERÍA ,EVALUATION ,PREVENTIVE MEASURES ,MEDIDES PREVENTIVES ,Máster Universitario en Prevención de Riesgos Laborales-Màster Universitari en Prevenció de Riscos Laborals ,HOSPITALITY - Abstract
[ES] En aquest TFM es van a avaluar els riscos existents en una empresa del sector hostaler situada a València, que té entre 5-10 treballadors, basant-se en una base de dades d'un servei de prevenció aliè. També es farà una avaluació específica dels factors de risc dominants a partir de l'anàlisi estadística d'accidents en el període 2016-2018. A partir de l'avaluació general de riscos i de l'avaluació específica de factors dominants, es farà una proposta de millora de les mesures preventives., [EN] This TFM will evaluate the existing risks in a company in the hospitality sector located in Valencia, which has between 5-10 workers, based on a database of a third-party prevention service. A specific evaluation of the dominant risk factors will also be made based on the statistical analysis of accidents in the 2016-2018 period. Based on the general risk assessment and the specific evaluation of dominant factors, a proposal to improve preventive measures will be made.
- Published
- 2019
25. Acoso laboral y enfoque de género : análisis de su influencia en la seguridad y salud en el trabajo en Colombia
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Becerra Villa, Isabel Cristina, Ruiz Ruiz, Juan Felipe, and Cervantes Gómez, Maday
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Psicología de la salud ,Accidentes de trabajo ,Gender focus ,Hostigamiento psicológico ,Riesgos profesionales ,Práctica abusiva ,Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo ,Hostigamiento ,Occupational safety and health ,Abusive practice ,Enfoque de género ,Labor risks ,Harassment ,Mobbing ,Psychological harassment ,Género ,Salud ocupacional ,Riesgos laborales - Abstract
Through the present reflective article, driven through a qualitative approach with a descriptive scope. An analysis about the current conceptualization of the abusive practice of known as Mobbing, which is carried out focusing it under a gender approach, being more specific: against women. From the legal field, occupational safety and health, since it is a present reality in both state entities and private companies. The "Mobbing" or "psychological harassment at work" is a phenomenon that although it is not new. It is highly relevant when it take place in at the workplace. Especially when taking into account its legal and clinical implications. Which may influence the results at some interventions or investigations. Leading to a lack of certainty when pointing out responsibility, promoting impunity; therefore it was necessary to conduct an analysis about this behavior. Facing it against its definitions, normative, and doctrinal; reviewing the characteristics of this phenomenon. As well as its foundation against the gender approach, which allowed to conclude, among other aspects: that the behavior of psychological harassment is reprehensible by itself, to the extent that it is an attack against the integrity and dignity of the workers, regardless of the actual production of psychological damage. En el presente artículo de reflexión, con un enfoque cualitativo y alcance descriptivo, se realiza un análisis de la conceptualización vigente de la práctica abusiva del Mobbing cuando se presenta bajo un enfoque de género, es decir, en contra de las mujeres, desde el ámbito jurídico y de la seguridad y salud en el trabajo, ya que es una realidad presente tanto en las entidades estatales como en la empresa privada. El “Mobbing” u “hostigamiento psicológico en el trabajo” es un fenómeno que si bien no es novedoso, es altamente relevante cuando éste se desarrolla en el campo laboral, más teniendo en cuenta sus implicaciones jurídicas y clínicas, lo cual puede influenciar en los resultados de algunas intervenciones o investigaciones que generarían una falta de certeza a la hora de señalar la responsabilidad, promoviendo la impunidad; por ello se hizo necesario realizar un análisis de esta conducta frente a las definiciones, normativa y doctrinal, revisando las características propias de este fenómeno, así como su fundamentación frente al enfoque de género, lo que permitió concluir, entre otros aspectos, que la conducta de hostigamiento psicológico es reprochable por sí misma, en la medida en que se constituye en un atentado contra la integridad y la dignidad de la trabajadora, con independencia de la producción efectiva de un daño psicológico
- Published
- 2018
26. Condiciones de seguridad y salud laboral identificadas en trabajadores bajo la modalidad de teletrabajo en Popayán, Cauca, Colombia*
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Libia Esperanza Nieto-Gómez, Hermes Mosquera-Angulo, and Ruth Esperanza López-Medina
- Subjects
Decree ,education.field_of_study ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Welfare economics ,Population ,Exploratory research ,Labor risks ,Promotion (rank) ,General level ,Political science ,Multi-level marketing ,education ,Psychosocial ,media_common - Abstract
El objetivo de esta investigación fue la identificación de condiciones de seguridad laboral y riesgo psicosocial en trabajadores bajo la modalidad de teletrabajo en la ciudad de Popayán, Cauca, Colombia. Se centró en diagnosticar el cumplimiento de la normatividad vigente: Ley 1221 de 2008 del Ministerio de Trabajo sobre el teletrabajo, y el Decreto 884 de 2012, artículo 9 que establece la Actuación de Riesgos en situaciones que llegaren a presentar los teletrabajadores. El trabajo se caracteriza por ser un estudio exploratorio. Se realiza un análisis partiendo de la caracterización de la muestra objeto, respaldada en una encuesta validada según la guía técnica para la promoción de la salud y la prevención de los riesgos laborales en el teletrabajo. La población estuvo conformada por teletrabajadores identifi- cados en Popayán de distintas entidades públicas, privadas, Network Marketing y algunos actores que ejercen la actividad de forma independiente, obteniendo como resultado índices considerables en esta población bajo algún tipo de riesgo. A nivel general se hace necesario el apoyo y la disposición de las entidades regulatorias para ejercer una política pública que conlleve al reconocimiento de esta modalidad laboral, ya que hay personas que la ejercen sin saberlo quedando expuestos a riesgos.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
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27. Justicia compensatoria y calificación de pérdida de capacidad laboral en Colombia
- Author
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Solano Suárez, Rosa Elena and Rueda Barrera, Eduardo Alfonso
- Subjects
Disability ,Incapacidad laboral - Colombia ,Justicia ,Labor risks ,Discapacidad ,Justice ,Riesgos laborales - Colombia ,Maestría en bioética - Tesis y disertaciones académicas ,Bioethics ,Bioética ,Riesgos laborales - Abstract
El presente trabajo busca establecer si la legislación propia del Sistema General de Riesgos Laborales de nuestro país, en materia de calificación de pérdida de capacidad laboral, asegura una compensación justa cuando evalúa a los trabajadores con secuelas de accidentes de trabajo y enfermedades laborales. Teniendo en cuenta que se efectúa un tránsito en la norma del decreto 917 de 1999 al decreto 1507 de 2014 y en éste se presenta un desarrollo diferente en el abordaje de la discapacidad, se plantea revisar los mecanismos de compensación en él previstos para el logro de una vida digna, utilizando la teoría de la justicia que establece el enfoque de capacidades de Amartya Sen y Martha Nussbaum. Aplica las diez capacidades básicas definidas a partir de éste enfoque, como indicadores para evaluar los mecanismos de compensación establecidos en los decretos mencionados y determinar cuáles han sido los avances y retrocesos, o los que no habrían cambiado con la implementación del nuevo decreto, con el fin de conocer si podemos disponer o no, actualmente, de la cesta mínima de bienes compatibles con la dignidad humana en éste sistema de calificación. The present work seeks to establish whether the own legislation of the General System of Labor Risks of our country, as for qualification of loss of labor capacity, assures a fair compensation when evaluates the workers with sequels of work accidents and labor diseases. Bearing in mind that a transition is made to the standard of the Decree 917 of 1999 to the Decree 1507 of 2014, and in this one, there is a different development in addressing the disability, it is proposed to check the mechanisms of compensation laid down therein for the achievement of a dignified life, using the theory of justice that establishes the capability approach of Amartya Sen and Martha Nussbaum. Applies the ten basic capacities defined from this approach, as indicators to assess the mechanisms of compensation established in the above Decrees and to determine which have been the advances and setbacks, or those who would not have changed with the implementation of the new decree, in order to know whether we have or not, currently, the minimum basket of goods compatible with human dignity in this qualification system. Magíster en Bioética Maestría
- Published
- 2016
28. Manual de prevención de riesgos laborales en andamios : aplicación práctica
- Author
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García García, Leandro, Domínguez Alcoba, Javier Augusto, and Arquitectura y Tecnología de la Edificación
- Subjects
Construcciones Arquitectónicas ,Legislación ,Legislation ,Labor risks ,Región de Murcia ,Andamios ,Riesgos laborales - Abstract
La finalidad de este PFC es documentar al técnico en el uso de los andamios y conseguí que tome conciencia del entorno legislativo que habrá de consultar y cumplir, especialmente desde el punto de vista de la prevención de riesgos, en el marco legislativo de la Región de Murcia Escuela de Arquitectura e Ingeniería de Edificación Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena
- Published
- 2015
29. El derecho de la seguridad social en riesgos laborales de los trabajadores extranjeros en Colombia
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Carrero Monroy, Ligia Yolima, Colorado Acevedo, Diana del Pilar, and Torres Corredor, Hernando
- Subjects
Regulación ,Territorialidad ,340 - Derecho ,Migrant workers ,Foreign ,Extranjeros ,Labor risks ,360 - Problemas y servicios sociales ,asociaciones ,320 - Ciencia política (política y gobierno) ,Territoriality ,Trabajadores migrantes ,300 - Ciencias sociales ,Riesgos laborales ,Regulation - Abstract
La globalización, las crisis económicas, las guerras, los cambios demográficos, las crisis humanitarias, los desastres naturales, entre otros muchos factores, constituyen elementos decisivos para dinamizar en gran escala, los flujos de personas a través de los Estados. Es así que los seres humanos nos movemos por las fronteras de los países buscando seguridad, salud, empleo, y en general una mejor vida. Un fenómeno de semejantes dimensiones, genera complejidades desafiantes para los ordenamientos jurídicos de los Estados, que desde su propia perspectiva, costumbres y principios buscan mantener organizadas las migraciones de trabajadores, para garantizar el derecho al trabajo y a la seguridad social. Pero la diversidad propia de cada país, genera un conjunto de situaciones que convierten a los migrantes en población vulnerable. El idioma, el clima, las costumbres, la moneda, los horarios, etc., son factores que convierten a los migrantes en población vulnerable, en una mayor o menor medida según su condición migratoria regular o irregular. De esta manera, la protección de los trabajadores migrantes, los directos vínculos entre la migración laboral y el desarrollo, así como necesidad de fortalecer la cooperación internacional, han cobrado una importancia inusitada al hacerle frente a este fenómeno. Claros ejemplos de este tipo de esfuerzos, se ven planteados en la Unión Europea y la Comunidad Andina de Naciones. La respuesta que desde lo jurídico se ha planteado para amparar a los migrantes, de los riesgos propios del trabajo y en su tránsito por los sistemas de derecho, redunda en la aplicación de principios mínimos globales que generen una migración equitativa con perspectivas de protección para un trabajo decente, donde la condición migratoria no sea un obstáculo. En Colombia, han sido las migraciones regulares aquellas que cuentan con una normatividad amplia que las rige en materia de riesgos laborales. Pero el fenómeno jurídico se comporta de manera diferente, para los migrantes irregulares, ya que en este caso el conjunto de circunstancias que hacen a los migrantes proclives a la vulnerabilidad, se ve agudizada por la falta de regulación de esta materia. Por lo descrito, la hipótesis que pretendo validar, refiere que la ausencia de regulación del Estado sobre los trabajadores migrantes y el sistema general de riesgos laborales, agudiza su vulnerabilidad y los expone a una violación de derechos constitucionales laborales. (texto tomado de la fuente) Globalization, economic crises, wars, demographic changes, humanitarian crises, natural disasters, among many other factors are decisive, to the flow of people through the states. Thus human beings are moving across borders of countries for safety, health, employment, and overall a better life. A phenomenon of such dimensions, generates challenging complexities to the legal systems of the States, that from their perspective, tradition and principles seek to keep organized labor migration, to ensure the right to work and social security. But the diversity of each country, generates a range of situations that make migrants vulnerable. Language, climate, customs, currency, times, etc., are factors that make migrants vulnerable, to a greater or lesser extent by regular or irregular immigration status. Therefor, the protection of migrant workers, direct links between labor migration and development and the need to strengthen international cooperation, have gained unusual importance to cope with this phenomenon. Clear examples of such efforts are outlined in the European Union and the Andean Community of Nations. The response from the law has been raised to protect migrants, of the risks inherent in their work and transit systems of law, result in the application of global minimum standards that create an equitable migration prospects for protection of decent work, where immigration status is not a barrier. In Colombia, regular migration have extensive regulations that governs occupational hazards. But the legal phenomenon behaves differently, for irregular migrants, because in this case the set of circumstances that make migrants prone to vulnerability, is increased by the lack of regulation of this matter. As described, I intend to validate the hypothesis relates to the absence of state regulation on migrant workers and the general system of occupational hazards, increased their vulnerability and exposes them to a violation of their constitutional labour rights. Maestría Derecho del Trabajo y de la Seguridad Social
- Published
- 2015
30. Políticas públicas em segurança social para a proteção dos trabalhadores informais na Colômbia
- Author
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Vásquez-Trespalacios, Elsa María and Martínez-Herrera, Eliana
- Subjects
segurança pública ,segurança social ,riscos ocupacionais ,public policy ,seguridad pública ,self employed ,trabalhadores independentes ,health public policy ,trabajadores informales ,labor risks ,social security ,políticas públicas de saúde ,legislação social ,social legislation ,health ,trabalhadores informais ,pensions ,pensões ,informal workers ,riscos laborais ,pensiones ,políticas públicas ,riesgos laborales ,salud ,saúde ,public safety ,seguridad social ,occupational risks - Abstract
El crecimiento de la economía informal mundial ha generado el no acceso de los trabajadores informales a los mecanismos formales de seguridad social. El objetivo de este artículo es revisar las políticas públicas en seguridad social dirigidas a proteger a los trabajadores informales en Colombia y analizarlas a la luz de la situación de otros países de América Latina. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica con análisis documental, en el contexto del Sistema General de Seguridad Social, y se analizó comparativamente con otros países latinoamericanos. Se concluye que si bien existen políticas para proteger a los trabajadores informales, la afiliación a seguridad social sigue siendo baja y que esta situación no difiere sustancialmente de la de los demás países de América Latina. Se deben generar mecanismos alternativos de aseguramiento para esta población, con responsabilidad estatal y que promuevan formas de asociación y organización de las personas ocupadas en este sector. The growth of the informal economy worldwide has generated no informal workers' access to formal social security mechanisms. The purpose of this article is to review the social security public policies aimed at protecting informal workers in Colombia and analyze them in the light of the situation of other Latin American countries. A literature review was conducted with documental analysis in the context of the Social Security System, and it was analyzed in comparison with other Latin American countries. We conclude that although there are policies to protect informal workers, the social security affiliation continues to be low, and this situation does not differ substantially from that of other countries in Latin America. Alternative assurance mechanisms must be created for this population, with state responsibility which promote forms of association and organization of people employed in this sector. O crescimento da economia informal mundial tem gerado o não acesso dos trabalhadores informais aos mecanismos formais de segurança social. O objetivo deste artigo é revisitar as políticas públicas em segurança social dirigidas a proteger os trabalhadores informais na Colômbia e analisá-las à luz da situação de outros países de América Latina. Realizou-se revisão de literatura com análise documental no contexto do Sistema Geral de Segurança Social, e analisou-se comparativamente com outros países latino-americanos. Conclui-se que, embora existam políticas para proteger aos trabalhadores informais, a afiliação a segurança social continua a ser baixa e que esta situação não difere substancialmente da dos outros países de América Latina. Devem se gerar mecanismos alternativos de seguridade para esta população, com responsabilidade estatal e que promova formas de associação e organização das pessoas empregadas neste sector.
- Published
- 2013
31. Antecedentes del actual delito de creación de riesgo para la salud del trabajador
- Author
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Rosa Salvador Concepción
- Subjects
Consolidation (business) ,Geography ,Penal code ,Physical integrity ,Law ,Labor risks ,Punitive damages ,Performance art ,General Medicine ,Socioeconomic status ,Cartography ,Legislator - Abstract
Nuestro vigente Código Penal, publicado por Ley Orgánica del 10/1995, de 22 de noviembre, recoge en su Libro II, de Los Delitos y sus Penas, en el Título XV, de Los Delitos contra los Derechos de los Trabajadores, un Título autónomo, que dejaba atrás su anterior inclusión dentro del Título dedicado a los Delitos contra el Patrimonio y contra el Orden Socioeconómico, persiguiéndose de esta forma, la consolidación de los derechos del trabajador en su vertiente más humana, y superándose así, la ancestral visión económica e instrumental de estos derechos. Este Título cuenta con un total de ocho artículos –del 311 al 318– entre los que se encuentran, los preceptos 316, 317 y 3181 que se dedican a la penalización de la falta de medidas de prevención de riesgos laborales en la empresa, presentándose como delitos de peligro que castigan la creación de riesgo grave para la vida, salud e integridad física de los trabajadores. Así, el artículo 316 se dedica a la versión dolosa del delito, el 317 a la imprudente y el 318, a la especial autoría, en el caso de Personas Jurídicas. El legislador de 1995, año de publicación del actual Código, articulaba de esta forma una especial protección para el trabajador, al adelantar la barrera punitiva antes incluso, de la creación del daño, formulando en estos artículos la intervención penal ya al originarse el peligro. La idea no era novedosa, el orden penal ya se había ocupado de este injusto en anteriores Códigos si bien el resultado había sido ineficaz. En este artículo vamos a estudiar con perspectiva histórica los antecedentes de los citados artículos 316 a 318.Our Penal Code published by Organic Law of 10/1995 of November 22, in the Title the XVth of The Crimes against the Laws of the Workers as an autonomous Title which was leaving behind his previous incorporation inside the Title dedicated to the Crimes against the Heritage and against the Socioeconomic Order, being chased of this form, the consolidation of the rights of the worker in his more human slope, and excelling itself this way, the ancient economic and instrumental vision of these rights. This Title possesses a total of eight articles –from 311 to 318– between those who are, the rules 316, 317 and 318 that devote themselves to the penalty of the lack of measures of prevention of labor risks in the company, appearing as crimes of danger that punish the creation of serious risk for the life, health and physical integrity of the workers. This way, the article 316 devotes itself to the fraudulent version of the crime, 317 to the imprudent one and 318, to the special authorship, in case of Legal persons. The legislator of 1995, year of publication of the current Code, was articulating of this form a special protection for the worker, on having advanced the punitive barrier before even, of the creation of the hurt, formulating in these articles the penal intervention already on the danger having originated. The idea was not new, the penal order already had dealt with unjust this one in previous Codes though the result had been ineffective. In this article we are going to study with historical perspective the precedents of the mentioned articles 316 to 318.
- Published
- 2012
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32. Model for integrated management of quality, labor risks prevention, environment and ethical aspects, applied to R&D&I and production processes in an organization
- Author
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F. Torres, M. R. González, Francisco Arcega, Inmaculada Plaza, and V. Yoldi
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Structure (mathematical logic) ,Engineering ,Process management ,Quality management ,Management science ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Labor risks ,Quality management system ,Production (economics) ,Quality (business) ,business ,Quality of analytical results ,Integrated management ,media_common - Abstract
It is proposed an integrated management model for an organization. This model is based on the continuous improvement Plan-Do-Check-Act cycle and it intends to integrate the environmental, risk prevention and ethical aspects as well as research, development and innovation projects management in the general quality management structure proposed by ISO 9001:2008. It aims to fulfill the standards ISO 9001, ISO 14001, OSHAS 18001, SGE 21 y 166002.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Critérios para formação de provisões para riscos tributários, cíveis e trabalhistas
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Paoletti, Mauro Rinaldo, Formigoni, Henrique, and Antunes, Maria Thereza Pompa
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tax risks ,contingencies ,CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ADMINISTRACAO::CIENCIAS CONTABEIS [CNPQ] ,riscos cíveis ,riscos tributários ,riscos fiscais ,civil risk ,labor risks ,provisionamento ,provision ,provisioning ,riscos trabalhistas ,provisões ,contingências - Abstract
Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa The current global scenario has contributed in order that all segments stop and review their procedures. Several areas of science have sought to improve the criteria adopted for long years almost as dogma for many professionals. However, currently many barriers are being broken and old ideas are reworked. The accounting it was no different. After years without major changes in its structure (Law No. 6404 was issued in 1976), we began to experience an odyssey after the publication of Law No. 11.638 on December 28, 2007. Among various devices profoundly changed, this study aimed to determine whether existing rules on the criteria of provisions for tax, civil and labor remained consistent with the new international standards of IFRS. This work also aimed to compare the existing rules with practices adopted nowadays by the professionals related to the topic. The type of research used in this work is classified as exploratory. The research method is qualitative, by using the examination and reflection of the perceptions obtained from interviews with professionals from companies, audits, law firms, associations and universities. During the interviews were used questionnaires with open and closed questions. The collected data were processed by means of content analysis. The main results of this study indicate that the practices adopted are at odds with the reality of Brazilian norms, and these in turn, did not follow the line adopted by the International Accounting Standards. The Regulation Agencies need to take steps to repeal all laws that contradict the international standards, and develop devices that can regulate the matter clearly, objectively and accurately, guiding the procedures to be adopted by professionals and, thus, reaching the ultimate goal that all want, which is the equalization of procedures between the companies. O cenário mundial atual vem contribuindo para que todos os segmentos parem e revejam os seus procedimentos. Várias áreas da ciência têm procurado aprimorar os critérios que, por longos anos, foram adotados quase que como dogmas para muitos profissionais, contudo, atualmente muitas barreiras estão sendo quebradas e velhos conceitos reformulados. Na Contabilidade isso não foi diferente. Após longos anos sem grandes alterações em sua estrutura ressalte-se que a Lei nº 6.404 foi editada em 1976 passamos a vivenciar uma odisséia contábil após a publicação da Lei nº 11.638, em 28 de dezembro de 2007. Dentre os diversos dispositivos profundamente alterados, este estudo objetivou verificar se os normativos existentes sobre os critérios de provisões para riscos tributários, cíveis e trabalhistas mantinham coerência com as novas normas internacionais do IFRS. Também objetivou confrontar os normativos existentes com as práticas efetivamente adotadas pelos profissionais relacionados com o tema. O tipo de pesquisa utilizado neste trabalho é classificado como exploratória. O método de pesquisa foi o qualitativo, utilizando o exame e a reflexão das percepções obtidas em entrevistas com profissionais ligados às empresas, auditorias, advocacias, entidades de classe e universidades. Durante as entrevistas foram utilizados questionários com perguntas abertas e fechadas. Os dados coletados foram tratados por meio da análise de conteúdo. Os principais resultados do estudo indicam que as práticas adotadas não condizem com a realidade dos normativos brasileiros e estes, por sua vez, também não seguem a linha adotada pela Norma Internacional de Contabilidade. Finalmente, entende-se que os nossos Órgãos Reguladores precisam adotar medidas revogando os normativos contraditórios com a norma internacional, bem como elaborando outros dispositivos que possam regular a matéria de forma clara, objetiva e precisa, norteando os procedimentos que devem ser adotados pelos profissionais e, com isso, atingindo o grande objetivo desejado por todos, que é a equalização dos procedimentos entre as empresas.
- Published
- 2010
34. La política de salud y seguridad en el trabajo: La eficacia de la LOPCyMAT
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Díaz, Luis Eduardo
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Social security ,Professional accidents and diseases ,Revistas ,Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Humanas (HUMANIC) ,accidentes y enfermedades profesionales ,Labor policy ,riesgos laborales ,Labor risks ,política laboral ,derecho ,Revista Fermentum ,seguridad social ,Facultad de Humanidades y Educación ,Right 1 ,Artículos [Revista Fermentum] - Abstract
Este artículo señala los condicionantes políticos y de tipo normativo que afectan la eficacia o cumplimiento de la ley de riesgos laborales venezolana, con el fin de evaluar sus resultados y proponer reformas que procuren bienestar social. Se argumenta que el clima político ha restringido de manera muy sensible el desarrollo y eficacia de la ley sobre condiciones y medio ambiente de trabajo, pero, además, se han establecido normas específicas difíciles de administrar; como es el caso de regular por separado el régimen de enfermedades y accidentes profesionales del ordinario; o las restricciones sublegales para contratar los servicios de salud. El artículo concluye señalando que la política laboral del gobierno de Hugo Chávez Frías, tardíamente comienza a perfilarse en el 2006. Es una política para la coyuntura, por tanto transitoria; es conservadora, dado que no avanza hacia un esquema de seguridad social, intrínsecamente progresivo, insistiéndose más en programas asistencialitas; y es hostil, dado que no reconoce a los actores sociales. En definitiva, es una política que no se diseña sobre cánones convencionales de convivencia democrática, pluralismo y diálogo social, sino que uniforma las condiciones de adquisición de providencias estatales, que se sujetan a fórmulas ejecutivas sin intermediación de intereses de clase. This article indicates the political and normative conditionants that have an effect on the effectiveness or fulfillment of the Venezuelan labor risks law, in order to evaluate its results and propose reforms oriented to improve social welfare. It is argued that the political climate has tightly restricted the development of the law referred to labor conditions and work environment, but, in addition, it have been established specific norms that are difficult to administrate. The article concludes that the labor policy of Hugo Chavez’s government begins to be outlined only belatedly in 2006. It is a conjunctural policy and therefore transitory; conservative, because it is not oriented toward a social security scheme, intrinsically progressive, which insist more in assistantialist programs; and it is hostile, because it does not recognize the social actors. Finally, it is a policy that is not designed on conventional canons of democratic coexistence, pluralism and social dialogue, and subjected to executive formulas without intermediation of class interests. 174-194 luisediaz@intercable.net.ve
- Published
- 2009
35. Riesgo en el manejo de la amalgama dental en las entidades odontológicas medianas y pequeñas en el departamento de Antioquia, Colombia
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Jairo A. Ruiz, Jorge I. Pérez, Gabriel J. Gómez, María E. Carmona, Luis A. Zapata, and Rosaura Carmona C
- Subjects
mercury ,consultorios odontológicos ,lcsh:Public aspects of medicine ,lcsh:RA1-1270 ,mercurio ,dental amalgam ,salud ocupacional ,stomatognathic diseases ,amalgama dental ,stomatognathic system ,riesgos laborales ,occupational health ,dental offices ,labor risks - Abstract
Este artículo se deriva de la investigación aplicada "Gestión ambiental de la amalgama dental en el departamento de Antioquia", financiada por la empresa New Stetic S. A. y la Universidad de Antioquia, realizado desde el año 2005 hasta principios del 2007 por los grupos de ciencia y tecnología biomédica (CTB), materiales preciosos (MAPRE) e investigaciones pirometalúrgicas y de materiales (GIPIMME) y la división de investigación y desarrollo de la mencionada empresa. OBJETIVO: describir y caracterizar las actividades relacionadas con el manejo del mercurio, la amalgama y sus residuos en 107 entidades prestadoras de servicios en salud oral, clasificadas entre medianas y pequeñas, y definidas como aquellas que tienen menos de cinco sillas o unidades odontológicas en el mismo sitio de trabajo. METODOLOGÍA: en cada institución se realizó una encuesta personalizada, diligenciando un cuestionario sobre los datos del entrevistado, el manejo del mercurio y la amalgama, salud ocupacional, capacitación, condiciones ambientales y gestión de los residuos. Cada entidad fue visitada por un ingeniero investigador y un estudiante avanzado de ingeniería, previamente capacitados para recoger la información. RESULTADOS: debe producirse una reflexión en el personal odontológico y administrativo de las instituciones prestadoras de servicios en salud oral, las entidades de vigilancia y control y las instituciones académicas formadoras del talento humano, con el fin de implementar acciones integrales y metodologías seguras a corto plazo que generen un servicio de mejor calidad y mínimo riesgo para el personal laboralmente expuesto y para el ecosistema. This article is based on the applied research "Environmental Management of the Dental Amalgam in Antioquia, Colombia", which was financed by the company New Stetic S. A. and the University of Antioquia. The research was carried out between 2005 and 2007 by the following groups: Biomedical Science and Technology, Precious Materials, and Pyrometallurgical and Materials Researches, and the Research and Development Division of the mentioned company. OBJECTIVE: to describe and characterize the activities about handling mercury, dental amalgam and its waste in 107 dental offices defined as medium and small, that is to say those with less than five dental chairs in the same workplace. METHODOLOGY: a poll was made in each institution filling a questionnaire about personal details of the interviewee, mercury and amalgam handling, occupational health, training, environmental conditions, and waste management. Each dental office was visited by a research engineer and an advanced engineering student who were trained in advance in order to collect the information. RESULTS: a reflection aimed to establish integral actions and safe methodologies in the short term to promote a better quality service and a minimum risk for the people exposed to mercury and the ecosystem must be encouraged by dental and administrative staff, as well as by surveillance and control institutions and the educational institutions devoted to the formation of dental professionals.
- Published
- 2009
36. REPRESENTAÇÃO SOCIAL DE ENFERMEIROS E ACADÊMICOS DE ENFERMAGEM SOBRE A PERCEPÇÃO DOS RISCOS LABORAIS A QUE ESTÃO EXPOSTOS EM UNIDADES DE ATENÇÃO Á SAÚDE
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Azucena del Valle Rojas, Cristina Arreguy Sena, and Adenícia Custódia Silva e Souza
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Hierarchy ,Hegemony ,business.industry ,nursing academics ,media_common.quotation_subject ,RT1-120 ,Attendance ,Financial conditions ,Nursing ,General Medicine ,nurses ,Power (social and political) ,Perception ,Social representation ,Labor risks ,Health care ,business ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,media_common - Abstract
SUMMARY: Social representation of nurses and academics of nursing about the perception of the work’s risks in which they are exposed in units of health care attendance services. Analyzing 18 people's perception among nurses and academics of nursing on the risks in which they are exposed in the hospital environment and in primary attendance services to the health, we used the social representations as a methodological referential. We used the analysis of content proposed by Bardin and we recorded the interviews starting from an specific question. "Cartoon" technique and the free drawings technique were used to collect data, and the methodological course is explicit in seven steps. It could be noticed as risks, the institutional relationships, professional and personal relationships. The work conditions worsened by the professional acquaintance in serious situations and of proximity with the death. The participants were considered not very valued in its potentiality, since the relationships of power and a very strict hierarchy prevail. The medical hegemony and the financial conditions were noticed as the base of the institutional decisions. KEY WORDS: Labor risks, nurses, nursing academics RESUMO: Ao analisar a percepção de 18 pessoas entre enfermeiros e acadêmicos de enfermagem sobre os riscos a que estão expostos no ambiente hospitalar e nos serviços de atendimento primário à saúde, utilizamos as representações sociais como referencial metodológico. Empregamos a análise de conteúdo proposta por Bardin e gravamos as entrevistas a partir de uma questão norteadora. A técnica de gibi e de desenhos livres instrumentalizaram a coleta de dados e o percurso metodológico é explicitado em sete passos. Apresentaram-se como riscos as relações institucionais, profissionais, interpessoais. As condições de trabalho são agravadas pelo convívio profissional em situações críticas e de proximidade com a morte. Os participantes consideraram-se pouco valorizados em suas potencialidades, já que reconhecem-se numa relação de poder com hierarquia muito rígida. A hegemonia médica e as condições financeiras foram percebidas como a base das decisões institucionais. UNITERMOS: riscos laborais, enfermeiros, acadêmicos de enfermagem
- Published
- 2006
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37. Los riesgos del trabajo en la construcción. Los casos de Rosario y Montevideo
- Author
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María Alejandra Silva Kusy
- Subjects
media_common.quotation_subject ,Welfare economics ,Labor risks ,HT101-395 ,Cities. Urban geography ,Labor management ,gestión de los riesgos ,Urban groups. The city. Urban sociology ,State (polity) ,Work (electrical) ,salud globalizada ,Political science ,Global health ,riesgos del trabajo ,salud de los trabajadores ,empleo precario ,GF125 ,media_common - Abstract
La investigación plantea la carencia de referencias a la gestión preventiva de los riesgos del trabajo y la salud en dos ciudades del Mercosur: Rosario (Argentina) y Montevideo (Uruguay), debido a que no se les incluye ni en los pliegos de licitaciones ni en los estudios de factibilidad. El artículo intenta hacer extensivo el conocimiento de las ciencias sociales para interpretar los determinantes del proceso de salud-enfermedad en obreros de la construcción de ambos países, y determinar los modos de gestión de las empresas de las ciudades de Rosario y Montevideo relacionados con los riesgos del trabajo en la obra de construcción, así como las limitaciones de los sistemas de cobertura de riesgos del trabajo vigentes, y las posibilidades de prevenir siniestros y enfermedades en el sector de la construcción, a partir de su contraste con el enfoque de la salud globalizada.
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
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38. Labor Risks Low After Prior Cesarean Delivery
- Author
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Carolyn Davis Cockey
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Obstetrics ,Labor risks ,Medicine ,General Medicine ,Cesarean delivery ,business - Published
- 2005
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39. La afiliación fraudulenta en el sistema de seguridad social integral colombiano
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Guillermo Alfonso Maldonado Sierra
- Subjects
Supreme Court of Justice ,afiliación fraudulenta ,fraudulent affiliation ,jurisprudence ,lcsh:Law ,Corte Constitucional ,Corte Suprema de Justicia ,jurisprudencia ,seguridad social ,salud ,pensiones ,riesgos laborales ,health ,pensions ,lcsh:Political science (General) ,Constitutional Court ,labor risks ,lcsh:JA1-92 ,social security ,lcsh:K - Abstract
La afiliación fraudulenta a la seguridad social ha sido un asunto que de vieja data ha ocupado el interés de las autoridades nacionales, en razón del desequilibrio económico que puede generar al interior del Sistema y la defraudación de la confianza legítima de los ciudadanos que actualmente son inducidos a esta práctica por intermediarios que sacan provecho indebido del vacío legal existente. En la presente reflexión se hace un recuento de la evolución normativa y jurisprudencial de este fenómeno a la luz del Sistema General de Seguridad Social en Salud, el Sistema General de Pensiones y el Sistema General de Riesgos Laborales, para concluir que se carece de instrumentos jurídicos concretos para evitarlo y sancionarlo, aunado a que la jurisprudencia presenta un manejo ambiguo del tema, lo que impone varios retos de política pública al sistema. Fraudulent affiliation to social security has been an issue that has long occupied the interest of national authorities, because of the economic imbalance that can generate within the system and the fraud of legitimate trust of citizens who are currently induced to this practice by intermediaries who take advantage of the existing legal vacuum. In the present reflection, an account is made of the normative and jurisprudential evolution of this phenomenon in the light of the General System of Social Security in Health, the General Pension System and the General System of Labor Risks, to conclude that legal instruments are lacking to avoid it and sanction it, together with the jurisprudence presenting an ambiguous management of the issue, which imposes several public policy challenges to the system
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