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Introduction: We used immunohistochemistry to investigate the histopathologic effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on the facial skin of rats. Material and methods: Rats in the HBO group (n = 6) were placed in a 20 L HBO chamber at 2.5 atmospheres absolute at 25–26°C with 100% oxygen for 90 min/day for 7 days. Following euthanasia, sections of facial skin were removed for examination. Results: Epidermal hyperplasia and degeneration, basal-cell hypertrophy, subepithelial fibrosis, and increased connective tissue were observed in the HBO group. E-cadherin expression was reduced in the epidermis, hair follicles, and sebaceous glands in HBO-treated rats relative to control animals. HBO treatment was associated with vimentin immunoreactivity in fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and the bulbus pilorum of a subset of hair follicles. It also resulted in increased type IV collagen expression within the connective tissue in the hair follicles and sebaceous glands. Conclusion: The HBO group demonstrated epidermal hyperplasia and degeneration, basal-cell hypertrophy, and subepithelial fibrosis. In addition, HBO decreased E-cadherin expression, which suggests that HBO may impair intracellular adhesion. Expression of vimentin and type IV collagen was also observed in the dermis. Increased connective tissue, hemorrhage, and mononuclear cell infiltration were observed in the dermis of HBO-treated animals. Thus, HBO has effects on the structures of the epidermis and dermis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nicotine is an alkaloid toxic effects of oral cavity. In this study,14 adult Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 230-260 mg (±10 mg) were used as experimental animal. The rats of experimental group (n=6) were nicotinized systemically with nicotine sulphate, 2mg/kg subcutaneously, daily in period of 28 days. Pulp, alveolar bone tissue, periodontal membrane and gingival epithelial junction were investigated in these regions in incisive teeth longitudinal cross-section. Thinning of the collagen fibers in the pulp tissue, vascular congestion, and inflammatory cell infiltration were observed. Mesenchymal tissues that is stained positive for vimentin lay underneath the epithelium. A strong expression of vimentin can be observed in formed periodontal ligament. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to investigate the ultrastructural effects of lead on the kidney cortex of rats. Wistar Albino rats (180-200g body weight) were divided into a controlled and lead acetate-exposed group. Rats received lead acetate at 500 ppm in their drinking water for 60 days. Both groups were fed with the same standard food, but lead acetate was added to the drinking water. During the experimental period, blood samples were taken from the abdominal aorta of the anesthetised animals. At the end of exposure, body weight and blood lead levels were measured. The kidney tissue samples were prepared and analyzed by light and transmission electron microscopy. Cortical renal tubules show various degenerative changes with focal tubular necrosis invaded by inflammatory cells. The ultrastructural alterations found in lead acetate-treated rats were a diminution in the amount of filtration slits, increased fusion of foot processes in epithelial cells of the glomeruli, increase of lysosomal structures and pinocytic vesicles as well as large mitochondria in proximal tubule cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cadmium, hazardous heavy metal, is recognized to produce severe toxic effects in humans. In this study, intestinal wall surrounding the mesenteric lymph nodes, based on the cadmium to be mainly lymphocytes and plasma cells, granulocytes eozinofil examined effects on the immune system were investigated by histochemical and electron microscope. Electron microscope examination of the cross section of cadmium, mitochondria cristae in the cytoplasm of lymphocytes was observed deterioration in the structure and degenerative changes in dilated endoplasmic reticulum, were seen together with elongation, that a small number of multi-focal granular lymphocytes, but plasma cells and eosinophilic granulocytes of the structures of multi-focal granular structures of various sizes, and their numbers were much higher. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study we examined the effects histopathologic and immunohistochemical of xylene inhalation in rats by using light microscopy. Adult wistar albino rats were used in this study. Eight rats were in control group and 8 rats were in the experimental group. The experimental group was exposed to 300 ppm formaldehyde 3-5 min/day, 5 days/week for 8 weeks. The lining epithelium of respiratory mucosa showed a loss of ciliated cells with metaplasia of goblet cells, hyperplasia of squamous cells and edema, inflamation in sub epithelial area). In the group treated xylene. Disruption of cell-cell contact was observed. Weak expression of E-cadherin was observed between cells. The vascular endothelium of capillaries and venoles showed intense immunostaining for VEGF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of melatonin healing in a tibial bone defect model in rats by means of histopathological and immunohistochemistry analysis. Twenty one male Wistar albino rats were used in this study. In each animal, bone defects (6 mm length) were created in the tibias. The animals were divided into three groups. In group 1 control group (rats which tibial defects). Group 2 melatonin (10 mg/kg) + 14 days in the tibial defect group) was administered intraperitoneally to rats. Group 3 melatonin (10 mg/kg) + 28 days in the tibial defect group) was administered intraperitoneally to rats. Histopathological analysis of samples was performed to evaluate the process of osteoblastic activity, matrix formation, trabecular bone formation and myeloid tissue in bone defects. Immunohistochemical and immunoblot analysis demonstrated non-collagenous proteins (osteopontin and osteonectin) differences in tibial bone defects. The expression of osteopontin on tibia was increased by 14 days melatonin treatment. The expression of osteonectin on tibia was dramatically increased by 14 days melatonin treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A total of 32 Wistar rats were divided into four equal groups: (I) sham, (II) ischemia, (III) reperfusion and (IV) Potentilla fulgens. In groups I and II, ovary torsion was not performed and no drug was administered. In group III, 1 h of ischemia and 2 h of reperfusion were performed and no drug was given. Group IV received 400 mg/kg/day Potentilla fulgens intraperitoneally 5 days before Ischemia-reperfusion. All the parameters were observed to be significantly decreased (P<0.05) in all the experimental groups compared to the control group. In the sections of the ischemia-reperfusion group, degeneration of epithelium, dilation of blood vessels were observed. Potentilla fulgens administration reduced the morphological changes by induced I/R; in particular, infiltration, hemorrhage and vascular dilatation were decreased. Potentilla fulgens application during torsion, it plays an important role in maintaining the epithelial structure with E-cadherin expression. We suggest that PECAM-1(CD31) are a regulator of the microvascular response of the tubal mucosa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Propineb is a fungicide with a propylene-bisdithiocarbamate structure. Pregnant Wistar rats were exposed to 400 ppm propineb concentrations in 5 ml distilled water, 5 days per week until the end of pregnancy. The rats were treated with propineb for 16 days and the brains of litter rats were sacrificed at first day of birth after which their brains were collected. Ultrastructural examination of the brains of the fetuses and propineb-treated pregnant females revealed a variety of histopathological effects. We suggest that mitochondrial damage may be an effective factor for neuron necrosis. These results supported the proposal that the exposure to fungicides such as propineb and to other naturally occurring compounds which inhibit mitochondrial function, may contribute to Parkinson's disease development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]