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Duomenų, kuriais būtų galima pagrįsti nuomonę, kad akūtas yra ide. pailgintojo laipsnio balsio refleksas baltų ir slavų kalbose, nėra. There is no evidence for an acute as the phonetic reflex of a lengthened grade vowel in Balto-Slavic.

In Germanic a group of nouns belonging to the n-stems display a long *ē followed by geminate voiced stops, MHG tāpe ‘paw’ (*dēbban-), OHG tāpe, MHG hā(c)ke ‘hook’ (*hēggan-), OHG chrācco ‘uncinus: barb, fuscina: trident’ (*krēggan-), OHG chrāppo ‘aspidius, uncinus: barb’ (*krēbban-), MHG snācke snōcke ‘midge’ (*snēggan-). While Kluge explained geminate voiceless stops as lengthening before *n, he attributed geminate voiced stops to analogy. But the investigation about whether geminate voiceless stops are allowed following long vowels in Proto-Germanic reveals that Kluge’s opinion is indefensible. As sound symbolism and expressivity are present in the Germanic lexicon, it is assumed that mental phenomena caused these sounds. In this regard the status of the long *ē will be clarified. It is postulated that the long vowels in front of geminate voiced stops have the function of reinforcing expressivity by creating this phonetically odd mixture.

In this paper the author argues that Szemerényi’s Law operated in the proto-language and that its operation should be restricted to *- V̆Rs# and *- V̆RH# sequences only. Moreover, it is shown that the development of *- V̆Ts# > *- V̆ss# > *- V̄s#, often assumed as part of Szemerényi’s Law (cf. Neri 2003: 2035; Lipp 2009: 2, 93) as in PIE *pód-s > *póss > *pṓs > Doric Greek πώς ‘foot’ (Hesych.), is hardly credible (cf. also Kim 2001: 12724 but without further discussion). The length of the vowel in the Doric form is not certain (cf. LSJ⁹: 1456) and surely secondary in Attic poús as the short vowel is found in compounds (cf. Homeric trípos). Furthermore, if Szemerényi’s Law operated as *- V̆Rs# > *- V̄R# we would expect such sequences to appear as *- V̄T# < *- V̆Ts#. I will show that such cases are secondary rather than direct outcomes of Szemerényi’s Law.

Straipsnyje pateikiama kritinė medžiagos, susijusios su protoide, ilgųjų balsių refleksais baltų ir slavų kalbose, apžvalga. Teigiama, kad baltų ir slavų kalbose paveldėti ilgieji balsiai gauna cirkumfleksinę priegaidę visose žodžio pozicijose. Tokie pavyzdžiai, kaip lie. várna, žvėrìs ar grėbti, kuriuose tradiciškai manoma protoide, ilguosius balsius įgijus akūtinę priegaidę, turi būti aiškinami kitaip. Galima įrodyti, kad nemažai -ja prezenso veiksmažodžių šaknų patyrė akūtinę metatoniją latvių bei lietuvių kalbose ir cirkumfleksinę metatoniją lietuvių kalboje. Nėra argumentų, galinčių pagrįsti mintį, kad baltų-slavų vienskiemeniams žodžiams visada buvusi būdinga cirkumfleksinė priegaidė. Lietuvių kalbos pavyzdžiai, kuriuose galima būtų įžvelgti tokią raidą, patyrę vidines pačios lietuvių kalbos inovacijas. Pagaliau, baltų-slavų „ā“ kamienams bei intensyviniams veiksmažodžiams su ilguoju vokalizmu paprastai būdinga cirkumfleksinė priegaidė ir galima parodyti, kad ji atspindi protoide darinius su ilgaisiais balsiais. The paper gives a critical overview of material related to Proto-Indo-European long vowel reflexes in Baltic and Slavic languages. Long vowels inherited in Baltic and Slavic are said to obtain circumflex intonation in all word positions. Such examples as Lithuanian várna [crow], žvėrìs [beast] or grėbti [to rake], which are traditionally said to have Proto-Indo-European long vowels obtained acute accent, must be explained otherwise. It might be proved that many -ja present verb roots underwent acute metatony in Latvian and Lithuanian languages and circumflex metatony in the Lithuanian language. There are no arguments that can prove the idea that circumflex intonation has always been typical of Balto-Slavic one-syllable words. Lithuanian examples of this type of development have experienced internal innovations in the Lithuanian language. Finally, circumflex intonation is typical of Balto-Slavic ā stems and intensive verbs with long vocalism and it reflects Proto-Indo-European formations with long vowels.