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The absence of improvement in survival rates across various cancers, including laryngeal cancer, has led to an increasing interest in understanding the immune response to cancer. In head and neck cancers, immune modulatory mechanisms such as immune microenvironment and immune infiltration are important in cancer pathogenesis. This study aims to explore the distribution of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) subgroups in the immune microenvironment and evaluate their impact on tumor histopathological characteristics and prognosis. The study included 50 patients who underwent laryngectomy for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, in Istanbul University - Cerrahpaşa, Faculty of Medicine Department of Otorhinolaryngology, between January 2016 and January 2018. Pathology specimens were evaluated using immunohistochemistry to assess the expressions of the CD3, CD20, CD8, CD4, CD25, and FoxP3 markers, identifying subgroups of TILs. The investigation aimed to uncover how these subgroups influence tumor histopathological features and survival outcomes. The high infiltration of CD3, CD20, and CD4 had a positive impact on disease-specific survival, disease-free survival, and recurrence-free survival. In addition, overall survival was positively affected by high CD3 and CD4 infiltrations. However, no significant relationship was observed between the expressions of CD8, FoxP3, and CD25 and any of the survival parameters. The infiltration of CD3, CD20, and CD4 positive cells indicative of a robust antitumoral immune response—emerged as favorable prognostic factors in laryngeal cancer. These findings suggest that enhancing the infiltration of CD3, CD20, and CD4 lymphocytes could be a therapeutic strategy worth exploring in clinical trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Glottic laryngeal cancers are detected at an early stage at the time of diagnosis. Radiotherapy or transoral laser microsurgery as a local treatment is a choice for early-stage glottic laryngeal cancer. This study aims to investigate the local control rate after radiotherapy or transoral laser microsurgery for early-stage glottic laryngeal cancer with anterior commissure involvement. Methods: In total, 119 patients with early-stage (Tis-T1-2) laryngeal cancer were treated in our institution with radiotherapy or transoral laser microsurgery between 2009 and 2021. The median follow-up time was 52 months. Seventy-three patients underwent transoral laser microsurgery. Forty-six patients received radiotherapy, and there were 41 patients with anterior commissure involvement. Results: The 2 and 5 years overall survival rates were 92% and 73%, whereas local failure-free survival rates were 84% and 82% in all groups, respectively. The 2-year overall survival was 88% in the radiotherapy arm and 94% in the transoral laser microsurgery arm, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the two treatment groups for overall survival (P: .062). According to anterior commissure involvement, 29 underwent transoral laser microsurgery, whereas 12 patients received radiotherapy. A total of 9 local failures occurred in the transoral laser microsurgery group, there was no recurrence in the radiotherapy group (P: 0.028). Conclusion: There was no statistically significant difference between the two treatment groups for local failure-free survival and overall survival. However, in the case of the anterior commissure involvement, 9 local failures occurred in the transoral laser microsurgery group, and there was no recurrence in the radiotherapy group. Radiotherapy might be recommended in early-stage glottic laryngeal cancer, especially in patients with anterior commissure involvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the preoperative and postoperative plasma M30 and M65 levels in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and its relationship with the prognostic value, clinical stage, histological differentiation, and lymph node metastasis. Methods: This study was prospectively conducted, which included 29 patients with LSCC (group 1) and 19 healthy individuals (group 2). The venous blood was collected from all patients in the preoperative and first postoperative months. Serum M30 and M65 levels were determined by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. Results: A statistically significant difference was found in serum M30 levels between groups 1 and 2. (Median: 233.94 U/L vs. 95.17 U/L) (p=0.001), whereas no significant difference was found in serum M65 values in groups 1 and 2 (median: 350.67 U/L vs. 309.94 U/L) (p<0.387). Conclusion: The preoperative and postoperative serum M30 and M65 levels in the patients with laryngeal carcinoma were evaluated, which evaluated M30 levels were high not only in advanced-stage tumors but also in early staged tumors. Thus, following the M30 level may be useful for the early diagnosis of laryngeal cancers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]