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Introduction: The tissues of the laryngeal region only rarely harbor primary cartilaginous lesions, and squamous cell carcinoma remains the most frequently encountered malignant tumor in this area., Materials and Methods: We reviewed the salient histological features of cartilaginous laryngeal lesions to provide differential diagnostics and guidelines for distinguishing the benign from the malignant ones., Results: Cartilaginous neoplasms of the larynx include chondroma and chondrosarcoma. Among the overarching group of all forms of laryngeal sarcoma, chondrosarcoma forms the most common entity in the larynx, followed by rhabdomyosarcoma. Cartilaginous tumors comprise about 0.1%-1% of all laryngeal neoplasms with chondrosarcomas being more frequently encountered than chondromas. Several neoplasms earlier reported as giant-cell tumors of the larynx would most likely, using current terminology, be classified as cases of undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (previously known as malignant fibrous histiocytoma, giant-cell variant) or aneurysmal bone cyst., Conclusion: When true laryngeal sarcomas do exist, they may prove to be challenging lesions both for the pathologist and the treating clinician. The diagnostic problems are mainly a result of the infrequent exposure of clinicians and diagnosticians to these lesions.

Introduction: Cartilaginous tumours of the larynx are rare. They usually involve cricoid cartilage, less frequently thyroid cartilage and other cartilages. The most significant clinical manifestations are hoarseness, dyspnea, dysphagia or a neck mass. On physical examination, tumour is found as a bulge with intact mucosa or a tumour situated in a part of the larynx also with fixation. CT scanning is the mainstay of radiographic imaging. The histopathologic diagnosis is made after the surgical excision. Prognosis for survival is good. The recurrences occur very often, also with malignant transformation and require laryngectomy., Material: We presented 11 patients (including symptoms, involved cartilage, laryngoscopy examination, histopathologic diagnosis, treatment and the follow-up)., Results: 6 patients manifested hoarseness, 5 dyspnea, 3 dysphagia, 1 neck mass as the first symptom. In laryngoscopy a tumour with intact mucosa was situated in subglottis - 5 patients, in supraglottis - 2 patients and in half of the larynx with fixation - 4 patients. The majority of tumours involved the cricoid cartilage - in 9 cases, the rest arytenoid and epiglottic cartilage. The histopathology diagnosis were given after surgery, only in one case after biopsy. There were 7 patients with chondrosarcoma and four with chondroma. We did not observe lymph node or distant metastases. All patients were treated surgically. Follow-up of patients with chondrosarcoma were 5 to 17 years without recurrence. However, two recurrences of chondroma appeared to be chondrosarcomas and required laryngectomy., (Copyright © 2013 Polish Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Society. Published by Elsevier Urban & Partner Sp. z.o.o. All rights reserved.)

The abnormal dilatation of saccules in direct communication with the laryngeal lumen is termed laryngocele. A simple laryngocele is an air-filled dilatation of the saccule and is mostly asymptomatic. When the neck of the laryngocele is obstructed, the laryngocele becomes filled with mucus. If a mucus-filled laryngocele is infected, it is called a laryngopyocele. The etiology of laryngoceles is not well understood. However, there is an association between laryngoceles and carcinoma of the supraglottic larynx. The main reasons are probably obstruction and mucosal retention of the saccule, increasing intralaryngeal pressure due to airway obstruction or abnormal contraction of the involved laryngeal muscles due to tumoral spreading. We present a patient with laryngopyocele that arose because of a laryngeal chondroma.

Cartilagenous tumors of the larynx are uncommon. A review of the experience from four major hospitals affiliated with McGill University, Montreal, from 1960-1977 revealed only two cases. The treatment and follow-up of these cases is discussed. A thorough review of English literature from 1816 revealed 177 reported cases. Management of benign and malignant cartilagenous tumors of the larynx is discussed and literature is compared.

A new case of a chondroma of the larynx is reported discussing the diagnosis and its treatment. Also a brief review of the literature is presented. Scattered calcification observed by CT is considered as a pathognomic finding. Finally, biopsy is the only method for establishing the positive diagnosis.