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Introduction: Conventional fractionation (CF) and hypofractionation (HF) are two radiotherapy methods against cancer, which are applied in medicine. Understanding the efficacy and molecular mechanism of the two methods implies more investigations. In the present study, proteomic findings about the mentioned methods relative to the controls were analyzed via network analysis. Methods: The significant differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) of prostate cancer (PCa) cell line DU145 in response to CF and HF radiation therapy versus controls were extracted from the literature. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed via the STRING database via Cytoscape software. The networks were analyzed by "NetworkAnalyzer" to determine hub DEPs. Results: 126 and 63 significant DEPs were identified for treated DU145 with CF and HF radiation respectively. The PPI networks were constructed by the queried DEPs plus 100 first neighbors. ALB, CD44, THBS1, EPCAM, F2, KRT19, and MCAM were highlighted as common hubs. VTM, OCLN, HSPB1, FLNA, AHSG, and SERPINC1 appeared as the discriminator hub between the studied cells. Conclusion: 70% of the hubs were common between CF and HF conditions, and they induced radio-resistance activity in the survived cells. Six central proteins which discriminate the function of the two groups of the irradiated cells were introduced. On the basis of these findings, it seems that DU145-CF cells, relative to the DU145-UF cells, are more radio-resistant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The Mechanism of laser therapy and also its safety are 2 important features of the application of different types of lasers in medicine. This study aims to investigate the critically affected genes after the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma patients. Methods: The gene expression profiles of 4 squamous cell carcinoma patients that were treated via chemoradiotherapy (CRT) plus the laser and 3 similar patients without laser exposure from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were downloaded and were screened to find critical genes via network analysis. The STRING database, Cytoscape software, and the Clue GO plug-in of Cytoscape software were used. Results: The genes HSX70 and NCC27 were determined as neighbors and HSPA1B, CLIC1, RAB13, PPIF, and LCE3D as hub genes. The over-expression of LCE3D was interpreted as the side effect of laser therapy. Apoptosis and the cell cycle were the dominant biological processes regulated by the HSP molecules in the laser-treated patients. Conclusion: The laser affected the main biological processes and simultaneously issued side effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a serious microvascular complication of diabetes which can cause vision loss or blindness ultimately. Non enzymatic glycation of proteins leads to advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in DR. Since laser therapy is a well-established method, in this study, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network is applied for protein targets in DR disease in rats treated by laser. Methods: In this study, we focused on articles that investigated and compared the proteome profiles of DR rats with healthy control and also DR rats before and after laser therapy. The networks of related differentially expressed proteins were explored using Cytoscape version 3.3.0, the PPI analysis methods and ClueGO. Results: Analysis of PPI network of 37 related proteins to DR rats including 108 nodes, introduced 10 hub-bottleneck proteins and 5 concerned biochemical pathways. On the other hand, PPI analysis of related proteins to DR rats before and after laser therapy corresponded to 33 proteins and 2 biological pathways. Discussion: Centrality and cluster screening identified hub-bottelneck genes, including Aldoa, HSPD1, Pgam2, Mapk3, SLC2A4, Ctnnb1, Ywhab, HSPA8, GAPDH and Actb for DR rats versus healthy control and ENO1, Aldoa, GAPDH for DR samples after laser therapy. Conclusion: Gene expression analysis of the DR samples treated via laser therapy provides a molecular evidence in support of the therapeutic effect of laser. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]