Search

The main deposits of kimberlite ores located in the regions of Western Yakutia are enriched at the ALROSA diamond extraction factories using a similar technology, in which the maximum completeness of extraction and safety of diamond crystals is ensured by the stages of schemes. The bulk of diamond crystals is extracted in the processes of heavy medium, sticky and foam separation, the effectiveness of which is determined by the properties of diamonds, kimberlite minerals and the media separating them. The article presents the results of theoretical and experimental studies carried out by ICEMR RAS together with the largest universities in Russia, scientific and industrial enterprises of ALROSA. It is shown that the use of combined energy methods of destruction and removal of hydrophilizing formations on diamond crystals provides hydrophobization of their surface in the processes of sticky and foam separation. It has been established that the efficiency and economic indicators of the process of dense medium separation of diamond-containing raw materials are due to the stability of the technological properties of the weighting agent of the ferrosilicon medium and the suspension prepared on its basis. The method for modifying the corrosion resistance of ferrosilicon by nitriding its surface has been substantiated and tested. The proposed method makes it possible to create a protective shell on the surface of the granules, preventing their destruction upon contact with corrosive components of the water-air environment. Semi-industrial tests have established the possibility of increasing the extraction of diamonds into concentrates for sticky and foam separation by 4 and 5.2%, respectively. The results of laboratory tests have confirmed the possibility of reducing the corrosion rate of ferrosilicon by 5-6 times in the process of dense medium separation.

The article considers a method of error-correcting coding based on the holographic representation of a digital signal. The message encoding process is a mathematical simulation of a hologram created in virtual space by a wave from an input signal source. The code word is a hologram of a point, it is also a one-dimensional zone ruler that carries information about the input data block in the form of an n-bit code of the coordinate of the center of the Fresnel zones. It is shown that the holographic representation of the signal has significantly greater noise immunity and allows you to restore the original digital combination when most of the code message is lost and when the encoded signal is distorted by noise several times higher than the signal level. To assess the noise immunity, the reliability of information transmission over the channel with additive white Gaussian noise is compared using the Reed-Solomon code, the Reed-Muller code, the majority code, and the holographic code. The comparative efficiency of codes in the presence of packet errors caused by the effect of fading due to multipath propagation in radio channels is considered. It is shown that holographic coding provides the correction of packet errors regardless of the length of the packet and its location in the codeword. The holographic code is of interest for transmitting information over channels with a low signal-to-noise ratio (space communications and optical communication systems using free space as a transmission channel, terrestrial, including mobile radio communications), as well as for storing information in systems exposed to ionizing radiation.

The necessity of taking into account influencing factors in determining the reliability of the object is shown. Given the assumptions adopted in the calculations for reliability. It is shown that valve motors are more reliable than induction motors and DC collector motors. The approach to calculating the reliability indicators and the influence of external factors on the failure rate of the valve motor with an electronic control unit.

The article deals with theoretical aspects of CMOS sensor cross-links effect as a main drawback of the dispersion method implementation with CMOS video camera and RGB optical radiation source. The paper is concerned with usage of diffraction grating to solve the problem of images overlapping on CMOS sensor with Bayer pattern. It is shown that the diffraction distribution allows to determine the energy centers of different images of the same RGB optical radiation source independently at the same time without overlapping. The text gives mathematical description of how diffraction image is formed and how to use it in dispersion method. The article is of interest to people who deals with optical radiation propagation through the air tract with vertical temperature gradient.

The usage of the innovative primary converters requires the development of new methods and algorithms of relay protection and automation, including the fault location algorithms taking into account the features of these primary converters and digital current and voltage transformers at all. The developed algorithm is applied to conduct the estimation of the distance to a fault (short circuit point) using one-sided measurement of emergency mode parameters. The authors provide the results of the research on the influence of the distorting factors on the fault location accuracy conducted on the simulation models. The special program in MATLAB was developed for the research of numerous distorting factors and conducting a large number of experiments.

Digital current and voltage transformers are designed to large-scale transformation of voltage, alternating and/or direct current. Then they transmit the results of transformation to electricity metering systems, devices for measuring, relay protection, automatics, alarm, and control. There was developed the remote fault location method using data (instantaneous values of primary quantities) from innovative current and voltage sensors, which are included in the digital transformer structure. The results of the research of algorithm performance in cases of the influence of different distorting factors are presented.

The article describes the method of error-correcting coding based on the holographic representation of the digital signal. The coding process of a code message is a mathematical modeling of a hologram generated in virtual space by a wave from an input source. It is shown that the holographic representation of the signal has significantly greater noise immunity and allows you to restore the original digital combination when the majority of the code message is lost and when the encoded signal is distorted by noise that exceeds the signal level several times. The achieved level of noise immunity is determined by the level of redundancy. For example, with a redundancy factor of q=32, error-free decoding of the signal occurs when a 70% of the signal is lost, while with a redundancy factor of q=512, the loss of the signal can reach 90%.

The combination of engineering geodesy methods with computer processing of digital images on the matrix field of analysis has found wide application in various automatic systems for monitoring the mutual spatial position of elements. The use of stereoscopic schemes allows to control the spatial position of the railway track relative to the brands placed on the supports of the contact network. When moving along the path in such schemes, additional errors arise due to blurring on the photo-receiving matrix fields. The article discusses the methodology for estimating additional errors due to the movement of the stereoscopic optical-electronic system relative to fixed reference marks. Ways to reduce additional errors from the speed of movement by adaptive control of the size of the input apertures and the exposure time of images on photo-receiving matrix fields are proposed.

Overhead high-voltage power lines are the longest and quite often damaged parts of an energy system. A line outage is always accompanied by the undersupply of energy, decreasing the reliability, cost and quality of electric supply. That is why one of the important tasks of line maintenance is a quick search for the location of damage and organization of the rehabilitation. The increase of the accuracy of automatic remote fault location (RFL) and development of new RFL methods including the methods of self-clearing fault location represent a current challenge. This article is devoted to the results of development and research of synchronized two-sided RFL method using signals from digital current and voltage transformers as input. The means of increasing its accuracy are considered.

The high-voltage power lines are quite often the damaged parts of an energy system. The line outage is always accompanied by the undersupply of energy, decreased reliability, cost and quality of electric supply. That's why one of the important tasks of line maintenance is a quick location determination of the damage and organization of the rehabilitation. [1], [2]. There are wide-spreading methods and means of remote fault location on the power lines in power industry based on measurement of the emergency mode parameters (EMP). So, the main part of this paper includes the development and research of the methods and algorithms for fault location based on the one-sided measurement of EMP. This type of measurement uses the signals from digital current and voltage transformers as input ones [3]–[5].

Nowadays, there are two main methods to realize three-dimensional non-scanning laser imaging detection, which are detection method based on APD and detection method based on Streak Tube. However, the detection method based on APD possesses some disadvantages, such as small number of pixels, big pixel interval and complex supporting circuit. The detection method based on Streak Tube possesses some disadvantages, such as big volume, bad reliability and high cost. In order to resolve the above questions, this paper proposes an improved three-dimensional non-scanning laser imaging system based on Digital Micromirror Device. In this imaging system, accurate control of laser beams and compact design of imaging structure are realized by several quarter-wave plates and a polarizing beam splitter. The remapping fiber optics is used to sample the image plane of receiving optical lens, and transform the image into line light resource, which can realize the non-scanning imaging principle. The Digital Micromirror Device is used to convert laser pulses from temporal domain to spatial domain. The CCD with strong sensitivity is used to detect the final reflected laser pulses. In this paper, we also use an algorithm which is used to simulate this improved laser imaging system. In the last, the simulated imaging experiment demonstrates that this improved laser imaging system can realize three-dimensional non-scanning laser imaging detection.

The high-voltage power lines are quite often damaged parts of the energy system. Line outage is always accompanied by undersupply of energy and decrease of reliability, cost, and quality of electric supply. That is why one of the important tasks of line maintenance is quick looking for location of the damage and organization of the rehabilitation. The main part of this work includes development and research of the methods and algorithms for fault location based on one-sided measurement and the ways to increase their accuracy. This type of measurement uses signals from digital current and voltage transformers as input. The influence of the basic distorting factors on the accuracy of the fault location determination methods is also considered.

The research of the influence of the LED radiation brightness distribution on the energy sensitivity of optical-electronic systems with optical equal zone is provided. Mathematical modeling of the radiation field on a matrix receiver, considering lens spherical aberration, is provided. The possibility of forming a uniform illumination on the photo-detector matrix, changing the shape of the distribution of the brightness of the LED at a predetermined invariable spherical aberration of the lens is provided.

The article describes the possibilities of using the non-traditional current and voltage sensors to solve the problem of fault location in terms of digital transformers developed at the Ivanovo State Power Engineering University (ISPEU). Frequency and metrological characteristics of current and voltage sensors are given.