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Introduction Many attempts have been made in elimination of bacteria in infected and demineralized dentin to not only provide efficient bactericidal potential, but to have minimal damage for tooth structure. The aim of this study was to assess the temperature change during aPDT with ICG and TBO compared with conventional Diode laser irradiation. Materials and methods 48 premolar teeth which were selected for this study. A class I cavity was drilled in each teeth, with dimensions of 2 mm width, 4 mm length and depth of 2.5–3.5 mm, providing a dentinal wall of approximately 0.5 mm for pulp chamber. Then teeth were randomly allocated in 4 experimental groups (n = 12); Group 1: TBO + LED, Group 2: ICG + Diode Laser, Group 3: Diode laser with output power of 0.5 W, Group 4: Diode laser with output power of 1 W. Thermocouple device was held by experimenter hand and the sensor was in pulp chamber of the teeth. Heat generated during irradiation was reported on LCD screen by NUX Plus software. Repeated measure ANOVA was used in order to compare the temperature before and after laser application. Tukey HSD was used to compare the results between groups. Results Temperature was risen for about 0.54 ± 0.05 °C for group 1, 1.67 ± 0.14 °C for group 2, 4.21 ± 0.83 °C for group 3, and 4. 50 ± 0.32 °C for group 4. The difference between group 1 & 2, 1 & 3 and 1 & 4 was significant (p Conclusion According to results of this study, Diode (with or without photosensitizer- 0.5 and 1 W) can be safely used as alternative approach for disinfection after caries removal in thermal point of view.

The study aimed to evaluate the effect of different output powers of Er:YAG laser on microtensile bonding strength of indirect composite to resin cements.36 indirect composite blocks (GC Gradia DA2, Japan) size 15 × 10 × 10 mm(3) were constructed, and divided into 12 groups, as follows:G1: control group (no treatment); Groups G2 to G6: treated with Er:YAG laser (2,940 nm) in noncontact mode, frequency 20 Hz, pulse duration 470 µs, with output power ranging from 2W to 6W; Groups G7 sandblasting, Groups 8 to G12: as Groups G2 to G 6 with preparatory sandblasting. One specimen from each group was analyzed by SEM; each specimen was fixed to a specialized metal jig using cyanoacrylate (Mitreapel, Beta Kimya San. Ve TIC, Iran) and debonded under tension with a universal testing machine (Zwick, Germany) at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm min(-1). Sandblasting and laser can improve bond strength above an energy level of 150 mJ. SEM evaluation of laser-treated specimens showed irregularities and deep undercuts. T test analysis showed no significant difference between sandblasted and non-sandblasted group, with laser output power of 0, 100, or 150 mJ (P = 0.666, P = 0.875, and P = .069); in the specimens irradiated with energy output of 200, 250, or 300 mJ, sandblasted specimens showed higher bond strength than non-sandblasted ones. The results demonstrate that, in composite resin irradiated with laser at energy output of 200-300 mJ, sandblasting might be a suitable procedure to enhance bond strength of resin cement.

Purpose: This study evaluated the micro-tensile bond strength of new and previous composite resin restorations after surface treatment with diamond bur and Er,Cr:YSGG laser at different power settings (2,3 and 4 W). Materials and methods: Micro-hybride composite resin was inserted in metallic mold 5 ×5 ×15 mm and cured for 40 sec according to manufacturer's instruction.12 blocks were made. The bonded surfaces of the 12 blocks so obtained were subsequently ground using Silicon Carbide papers 1200 grit, for 15 seconds under running water. Then the samples randomly were divided into 4 groups: (G1) Bur-treated, (G2) Er,Cr:YSGG laser with power of 2 W and energy of 100 mJ, (G3) Er,Cr:YSGG laser with power of 3 W and energy of 150 mJ, (G4) Er,Cr:YSGG laser with power of 4 W and energy of 200 mJ. One sample of each group was analyzed by SEM while, after cutting the blocks to 1 mm2 of area samples, the others samples were mechanically tested by Universal testing machine with the speed of 0.5 mm per minute till fracture point. Data were analysed using One-Way ANOVA and Tukey Test. Results: T-test showed no significantly differences between G2 and G4(P=0.064) while G3 demonstrated significant differences than G2 (P=0.001) and G4(P=0.000) and also between samples treated with bur (G1) and G2 (P=0.242) ,G3 (P=0.000) ,G4 (P=0.829); G1 didn't significantly differ to G2 and G4(P>0.05), while G1 and G3(P

Introduction: Bleaching process can affect surface roughness of enamel, which is a vital factor in esthetic and resistance of tooth. The aim of this study was to compare surface roughness of enamel in teeth bleached using Diode and Neodymium-Doped Yttrium Aluminium Garnet (Nd: YAG) lasers with those bleached using conventional method. Methods: In this study, 75 anterior human teeth from upper and lower jaws (These teeth extracted because of periodontal disease) were randomly divided into 5 groups. Group 1: Laser white gel (Biolase, USA) with 45% hydrogen peroxide concentration and GaAlAs Diode laser (CHEESETM, GIGAA, China), group 2: Heydent gel (JW, Germany) with 30% Hydrogen peroxide concentration and Diode laser, group 3: Laser white gel and Nd:YAG laser (FIDELISTM, Fotona, Slovenia), group 4: Heydent gel and Nd:YAG laser and group 5: The Iranian gel Kimia (Iran) with 35% hydrogen peroxide concentration were used. Surface roughness of the samples was measured using the Surface Roughness Tester system (TR 200 Time Group, Germany) before and after bleaching. In each group, one sample was randomly selected for SEM analysis. Results: The results showed that the mean surface roughness of the teeth before and after bleaching had a significant difference in all the study groups. It was indicated that after bleaching, the mean surface roughness had increased in all the study groups. The highest surface roughness was seen in the conventional bleaching group and the lowest surface roughness was reported in group 3 (laser white gel + diode laser), in which the average surface roughness increased by only 0.1 μm. Conclusion: It was concluded that using the Laser white gel and the diode laser for bleaching resulted in the least surface roughness compared to conventional method.