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1. Association Between Early Treatment With Tocilizumab and Mortality Among Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19

Author

Gupta, Shruti, Wang, Wei, Hayek, Salim S., Chan, Lili, Mathews, Kusum S., Melamed, Michal L., Brenner, Samantha K., Leonberg-Yoo, Amanda, Schenck, Edward J., Radbel, Jared, Reiser, Jochen, Bansal, Anip, Srivastava, Anand, Zhou, Yan, Finkel, Diana, Green, Adam, Mallappallil, Mary, Faugno, Anthony J., Zhang, Jingjing, Velez, Juan Carlos Q., Shaefi, Shahzad, Parikh, Chirag R., Charytan, David M., Athavale, Ambarish M., Friedman, Allon N., Redfern, Roberta E., Short, Samuel A. P., Correa, Simon, Pokharel, Kapil K., Admon, Andrew J., Donnelly, John P., Gershengorn, Hayley B., Douin, David J., Semler, Matthew W., Hernán, Miguel A., Leaf, David E., Walther, Carl P., Anumudu, Samaya J., Arunthamakun, Justin, Kopecky, Kathleen F., Milligan, Gregory P., McCullough, Peter A., Nguyen, Thuy-Duyen, Krajewski, Megan L., Shankar, Sidharth, Pannu, Ameeka, Valencia, Juan D., Waikar, Sushrut S., Kibbelaar, Zoe A., Hart, Peter, Upadhyay, Shristi, Vohra, Ishaan, Oyintayo, Ajiboye, Rachoin, Jean-Sebastien, Schorr, Christa A., Shea, Lisa, Edmonston, Daniel L., Mosher, Christopher L., Shehata, Alexandre M., Cohen, Zaza, Allusson, Valerie, Bambrick-Santoyo, Gabriela, Bhatti, Noor ul aain, Mehta, Bijal, Williams, Aquino, Walters, Patricia, Go, Ronaldo C., Rose, Keith M., Lisk, Rebecca, Zhou, Amy M., Kim, Ethan C., Coca, Steven G., Altman, Deena R., Saha, Aparna, Soh, Howard, Wen, Huei Hsun, Bose, Sonali, Leven, Emily A., Wang, Jing G., Mosoyan, Gohar, Nadkarni, Girish N., Pattharanitima, Pattharawin, Gallagher, Emily J., Guirguis, John, Kapoor, Rajat, Meshberger, Christopher, Kelly, Katherine J., Garibaldi, Brian T., Corona-Villalobos, Celia P., Wen, Yumeng, Menez, Steven, Malik, Rubab F., Cervantes, Carmen Elena, Gautam, Samir C., Mallappallil, Mary C., Ouyang, Jie, John, Sabu, Yap, Ernie, Melaku, Yohannes, Mohamed, Ibrahim, Bajracharya, Siddhartha, Puri, Isha, Thaxton, Mariah, Bhattacharya, Jyotsna, Wagner, John, Boudourakis, Leon, Nguyen, H. Bryant, Ahoubim, Afshin, Kashani, Kianoush, Tehranian, Shahrzad, Thomas, Leslie F., Sirganagari, Dheeraj Reddy, Guru, Pramod K., Bergl, Paul A., Rodriguez, Jesus, Shah, Jatan A., Gupta, Mrigank S., Kumar, Princy N., Lazarous, Deepa G., Kassaye, Seble G., Johns, Tanya S., Mocerino, Ryan, Prudhvi, Kalyan, Zhu, Denzel, Levy, Rebecca V., Azzi, Yorg, Fisher, Molly, Yunes, Milagros, Sedaliu, Kaltrina, Golestaneh, Ladan, Brogan, Maureen, Kumar, Neelja, Chang, Michael, Thakkar, Jyotsana, Raichoudhury, Ritesh, Athreya, Akshay, Farag, Mohamed, Cho, Soo Jung, Plataki, Maria, Alvarez-Mulett, Sergio L., Gomez-Escobar, Luis G., Pan, Di, Lee, Stefi, Krishnan, Jamuna, Whalen, William, Charytan, David, Macina, Ashley, Chaudhry, Sobaata, Wu, Benjamin, Modersitzki, Frank, Leidner, Alexander S., Martinez, Carlos, Kruser, Jacqueline M., Wunderink, Richard G., Hodakowski, Alexander J., Price-Haywood, Eboni G., Matute-Trochez, Luis A., Hasty, Anna E., Mohamed, Muner MB., Avasare, Rupali S., Zonies, David, Sise, Meghan E., Newman, Erik T., Omar, Samah Abu, Sharma, Shreyak, Singh, Harkarandeep, Shaukat, Tanveer, Kamal, Omer, Yang, Heather, Boateng, Jeffery O., Lee, Meghan, Strohbehn, Ian A., Li, Jiahua, Mueller, Ariel L., Cairl, Nicholas S., Naimy, Gabriel, Abu-Saif, Abeer, Hall, Danyell, Bickley, Laura, Rowan, Chris, Madhani-Lovely, Farah, Peev, Vasil, Byun, John J., Vissing, Andrew, Kapania, Esha M., Post, Zoe, Patel, Nilam P., Hermes, Joy-Marie, Sutherland, Anne K., Patrawalla, Amee, Finkel, Diana G., Danek, Barbara A., Arikapudi, Sowminya, Paer, Jeffrey M., Cangialosi, Peter, Liotta, Mark, Puri, Sonika, Sunderram, Jag, Scharf, Matthew T., Ahmed, Ayesha, Berim, Ilya, Vatson, Jayanth S., Anand, Shuchi, Levitt, Joseph E., Garcia, Pablo, Boyle, Suzanne M., Song, Rui, Arif, Ali, Woo, Sang Hoon, Deng, Xiaoying, Katz-Greenberg, Goni, Senter, Katharine, Sharshir, Moh’d A., Rusnak, Vadym V., Ali, Muhammad Imran, Peters, Terri, Hughes, Kathy, Podoll, Amber S., Chonchol, Michel, Sharma, Sunita, Burnham, Ellen L., Rashidi, Arash, Hejal, Rana, Judd, Eric, Latta, Laura, Tolwani, Ashita, Albertson, Timothy E., Adams, Jason Y., Chang, Steven Y., Beutler, Rebecca M., Schulze, Carl E., Macedo, Etienne, Rhee, Harin, Liu, Kathleen D., Jotwani, Vasantha K., Koyner, Jay L., Shah, Chintan V., Jaikaransingh, Vishal, Toth-Manikowski, Stephanie M., Joo, Min J., Lash, James P., Neyra, Javier A., Chaaban, Nourhan, Elias, Madona, Ahmad, Yahya, Iardino, Alfredo, Au, Elizabeth H., Sharma, Jill H., Sosa, Marie Anne, Taldone, Sabrina, Contreras, Gabriel, Zerda, David De La, Fornoni, Alessia, Blakely, Pennelope, Berlin, Hanna, Azam, Tariq U., Shadid, Husam, Pan, Michael, O’ Hayer, Patrick, Meloche, Chelsea, Feroze, Rafey, Padalia, Kishan J., Bitar, Abbas, Leya, Jeff, Flythe, Jennifer E., Tugman, Matthew J., Chang, Emily H., Brown, Brent R., Leonberg-Yoo, Amanda K., Spiardi, Ryan C., Miano, Todd A., Roche, Meaghan S., Vasquez, Charles R., Bansal, Amar D., Ernecoff, Natalie C., Kapoor, Sanjana, Verma, Siddharth, Chen, Huiwen, Kovesdy, Csaba P., Molnar, Miklos Z., Azhar, Ambreen, Hedayati, S. Susan, Nadamuni, Mridula V., Shastri, Shani, Willett, Duwayne L., Short, Samuel A.P., Renaghan, Amanda D., Enfield, Kyle B., Bhatraju, Pavan K., Malik, A. Bilal, Vijayan, Anitha, Joy, Christina Mariyam, Li, Tingting, Goldberg, Seth, Kao, Patricia F., Schumaker, Greg L., Goyal, Nitender, Hsu, Caroline M., Tariq, Asma, Meyer, Leah, Kshirsagar, Ravi K., Jose, Aju, Weiner, Daniel E., Christov, Marta, Griffiths, Jennifer, Gupta, Sanjeev, Kapoor, Aromma, Wilson, Perry, Arora, Tanima, and Ugwuowo, Ugochukwu

Subjects
musculoskeletal diseases, medicine.medical_specialty, Population, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Tocilizumab, Interquartile range, law, Intensive care, Internal medicine, Fraction of inspired oxygen, medicine, Internal Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, 0101 mathematics, education, Original Investigation, education.field_of_study, business.industry, 010102 general mathematics, Hazard ratio, Intensive care unit, chemistry, business, Cohort study
Abstract

IMPORTANCE: Therapies that improve survival in critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are needed. Tocilizumab, a monoclonal antibody against the interleukin 6 receptor, may counteract the inflammatory cytokine release syndrome in patients with severe COVID-19 illness. OBJECTIVE: To test whether tocilizumab decreases mortality in this population. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: The data for this study were derived from a multicenter cohort study of 4485 adults with COVID-19 admitted to participating intensive care units (ICUs) at 68 hospitals across the US from March 4 to May 10, 2020. Critically ill adults with COVID-19 were categorized according to whether they received or did not receive tocilizumab in the first 2 days of admission to the ICU. Data were collected retrospectively until June 12, 2020. A Cox regression model with inverse probability weighting was used to adjust for confounding. EXPOSURES: Treatment with tocilizumab in the first 2 days of ICU admission. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Time to death, compared via hazard ratios (HRs), and 30-day mortality, compared via risk differences. RESULTS: Among the 3924 patients included in the analysis (2464 male [62.8%]; median age, 62 [interquartile range {IQR}, 52-71] years), 433 (11.0%) received tocilizumab in the first 2 days of ICU admission. Patients treated with tocilizumab were younger (median age, 58 [IQR, 48-65] vs 63 [IQR, 52-72] years) and had a higher prevalence of hypoxemia on ICU admission (205 of 433 [47.3%] vs 1322 of 3491 [37.9%] with mechanical ventilation and a ratio of partial pressure of arterial oxygen to fraction of inspired oxygen of

Published
2021
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2. Understanding the Cycling Performance Degradation Mechanism of a Graphene-Based Strain Sensor and an Effective Corresponding Improvement Solution

Author

Gui-Wen Huang, Na Li, Yu Liu, Pan-Di Qi, Cheng-Bing Qu, Jun-Li Ma, Meng Li, and Hong-Mei Xiao

Subjects
Materials science, Strain (chemistry), Graphene, 010401 analytical chemistry, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Microstructure, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, law.invention, Stress (mechanics), law, Ultimate tensile strength, Degradation (geology), General Materials Science, Slippage, Sensitivity (control systems), Composite material, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

Graphene-based strain sensors have attracted tremendous interest due to their potential application as intelligent wearable sensing devices. However, for graphene-based strain sensors, it is found that the sensing property at the beginning of the tensile cycle is not stable. Concretely, the peak resistance value gradually declines in the first dozens of cycles in every cyclic test. This is a problem that obviously affects the measurement accuracy but is rarely investigated so far. In this paper, this phenomenon is for the first time systematically studied. According to the reliable experimental results, it can be concluded that the decline of resistance is caused by the evolution of wrinkle morphologies in the graphene layer, which is essentially attributed to the temporary slippage of the graphene sheets under external stress. Based on the analyzed mechanism, a targeted improvement solution was proposed and verified. By the combined effects of polydopamine and Ni2+, the slippage among the rGO sheets was suppressed and a strain sensor with excellent sensing stability was obtained as expected. Furthermore, the sensitivity of the modified sensor was six times higher than that of the pristine one due to the change in the crack form, demonstrating it to be an effective method to obtain a graphene-based strain sensor with comprehensively high performance.

Published
2020

3. Global control of colored moiré pattern in layered optical structures

Author

Hongqin Ma, Kunyang Li, Ma Xueyan, Haowen Liang, Yangui Zhou, Jianying Zhou, and Pan Di

Subjects
Materials science, business.industry, Visibility (geometry), Physics::Optics, Fresnel lens, 02 engineering and technology, Moiré pattern, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, law.invention, 010309 optics, Optics, Colored, law, 0103 physical sciences, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

Accurate description of visual effect of colored moire pattern caused by layered optical structures consisting of gratings and Fresnel lens is proposed in this work. The colored moire arising from the periodic and quasi-periodic structures is numerically simulated and experimentally verified. It is found that the visibility of moire pattern generated by refractive optical elements is related to not only the spatial structures of gratings but also the viewing angles. To effectively control the moire visibility, two constituting gratings are slightly separated. Such scheme is proved to be effective to globally eliminate moire pattern for displays containing refractive optical films with quasi-periodic structures.

Published
2018

4. Factors Associated With Death in Critically Ill Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 in the US

Author

Gupta, Shruti, Hayek, Salim S., Wang, Wei, Chan, Lili, Mathews, Kusum S., Melamed, Michal L., Brenner, Samantha K., Leonberg-Yoo, Amanda, Schenck, Edward J., Radbel, Jared, Reiser, Jochen, Bansal, Anip, Srivastava, Anand, Zhou, Yan, Sutherland, Anne, Green, Adam, Shehata, Alexandre M., Goyal, Nitender, Vijayan, Anitha, Velez, Juan Carlos Q., Shaefi, Shahzad, Parikh, Chirag R., Arunthamakun, Justin, Athavale, Ambarish M., Friedman, Allon N., Short, Samuel A. P., Kibbelaar, Zoe A., Abu Omar, Samah, Admon, Andrew J., Donnelly, John P., Gershengorn, Hayley B., Hernán, Miguel A., Semler, Matthew W., Leaf, David E., Walther, Carl P, Anumudu, Samaya J, Kopecky, Kathleen F, Milligan, Gregory P, McCullough, Peter A, Nguyen, Thuy-Duyen, Krajewski, Megan L, Shankar, Sidharth, Pannu, Ameeka, Valencia, Juan D, Waikar, Sushrut S, Hart, Peter, Ajiboye, Oyintayo, Itteera, Matthew, Rachoin, Jean-Sebastien, Schorr, Christa A, Shea, Lisa, Edmonston, Daniel L, Mosher, Christopher L, Karp, Aaron, Cohen, Zaza, Allusson, Valerie, Bambrick-Santoyo, Gabriela, Bhatti, Noor ul aain, Mehta, Bijal, Williams, Aquino, Walters, Patricia, Go, Rolando C, Rose, Keith M, Zhou, Amy M, Kim, Ethan C, Lisk, Rebecca, Coca, Steven G, Altman, Deena R, Saha, Aparna, Soh, Howard, Wen, Huei Hsun, Bose, Sonali, Leven, Emily A, Wang, Jing G, Mosoyan, Gohar, Nadkarni, Girish N, Guirguis, John, Kapoor, Rajat, Meshberger, Christopher, Garibaldi, Brian T, Corona-Villalobos, Celia P, Wen, Yumeng, Menez, Steven, Malik, Rubab F, Cervantes, Carmen Elena, Gautam, Samir C, Nguyen, H Byrant, Ahoubim, Afshin, Thomas, Leslie F, Sirganagari, Dheeraj Reddy, Guru, Pramod K, Bergl, Paul A, Rodriguez, Jesus, Shah, Jatan A, Gupta, Mrigank S, Kumar, Princy N, Lazarous, Deepa G, Kassaye, Seble G, Johns, Tanya S, Mocerino, Ryan, Prudhvi, Kalyan, Zhu, Denzel, Levy, Rebecca V, Azzi, Yorg, Fisher, Molly, Yunes, Milagros, Sedaliu, Kaltrina, Golestaneh, Ladan, Brogan, Maureen, Raichoudhury, Ritesh, Cho, Soo Jung, Plataki, Maria, Alvarez-Mulett, Sergio L, Gomez-Escobar, Luis G, Pan, Di, Lee, Stefi, Kirshnan, Jamuna, Whalen, William, Charytan, David, Macina, Ashley, Ross, Daniel W, Leidner, Alexander S, Martinez, Carlos, Kruser, Jacqueline M, Wunderink, Richard G, Hodakowski, Alexander J, Price-Haywood, Eboni G, Matute-Trochez, Luis A, Hasty, Anne E, Mohamed, Muner MB, Avasare, Rupali S, Zonies, David, Baron, Rebecca M, Sise, Meghan E, Newman, Erik T, Pokharel, Kapil K, Sharma, Shreyak, Singh, Harkarandeep, Correa, Simon, Shaukat, Tanveer, Kamal, Omer, Yang, Heather, Boateng, Jeffery O, Lee, Meghan, Strohbehn, Ian A, Li, Jiahua, Muhsin, Saif A, Mandel, Ernest I, Mueller, Ariel L, Cairl, Nicholas S, Rowan, Chris, Madhai-Lovely, Farah, Peev, Vasil, Byun, John J, Vissing, Andrew, Kapania, Esha M, Post, Zoe, Patel, Nilam P, Hermes, Joy-Marie, Patrawalla, Amee, Finkel, Diana G, Danek, Barbara A, Arikapudi, Sowminya, Paer, Jeffery M, Puri, Sonika, Sunderram, Jag, Scharf, Matthew T, Ahmed, Ayesha, Berim, Ilya, Hussain, Sabiha, Anand, Shuchi, Levitt, Joseph E, Garcia, Pablo, Boyle, Suzanne M, Song, Rui, Zhang, Jingjing, Sharshir, Mohd A, Rusnak, Vadym V, Podoll, Amber S, Chonchol, Michel, Sharma, Sunita, Burnham, Ellen L, Rashidi, Arash, Hejal, Rana, Judd, Erik T, Latta, Laura, Tolwani, Ashita, Albertson, Timothy E, Adams, Jason Y, Chang, Steven Y, Beutler, Rebecca M, Schulze, Carl E, Macedo, Etienne, Rhee, Harin, Liu, Kathleen D, Jotwani, Vasantha K, Koyner, Jay L, Shah, Chintan V, Jaikaransingh, Vishal, Toth-Manikowski, Stephanie M, Joo, Min J, Lash, James P, Neyra, Javier A, Chaaban, Nourhan, Iardino, Alfredo, Au, Elizabeth H, Sharma, Jill H, Sosa, Marie Anne, Taldone, Sabrina, Contreras, Gabriel, Zerda, David De La, Blakely, Pennelope, Berlin, Hanna, Azam, Tariq U, Shadid, Husam, Pan, Michael, OHayer, Patrick, Meloche, Chelsea, Feroze, Rafey, Padalia, Kishan J, Bitar, Abbas, Flythe, Jennifer E, Tugman, Matthew J, Brown, Brent R, Spiardi, Ryan C, Miano, Todd A, Roche, Meaghan S, Vasquez, Charles R, Bansal, Amar D, Ernecoff, Natalie C, Kovesdy, Csaba P, Molnar, Miklos Z, Azhar, Ambreen, Hedayati, Susan S, Nadamuni, Mridula V, Khan, Sadaf S, Willett, Duwayne L, Renaghan, Amanda D, Bhatraju, Pavan K, Malik, Bilal A, Joy, Christina Mariyam, Li, Tingting, Goldberg, Seth, Kao, Patricia F, Schumaker, Greg L, Faugno, Anthony J, Hsu, Caroline M, Tariq, Asma, Meyer, Leah, Weiner, Daniel E, Christov, Marta, Wilson, Francis P, Arora, Tanima, and Ugwuowo, Ugochukwu

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, 010102 general mathematics, Organ dysfunction, Odds ratio, medicine.disease, 01 natural sciences, Intensive care unit, Comorbidity, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Interquartile range, law, Intensive care, Internal medicine, Internal Medicine, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, 0101 mathematics, medicine.symptom, business, Body mass index, Cohort study
Abstract

Importance: The US is currently an epicenter of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, yet few national data are available on patient characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of critical illness from COVID-19. Objectives: To assess factors associated with death and to examine interhospital variation in treatment and outcomes for patients with COVID-19. Design, Setting, and Participants: This multicenter cohort study assessed 2215 adults with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 who were admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) at 65 hospitals across the US from March 4 to April 4, 2020. Exposures: Patient-level data, including demographics, comorbidities, and organ dysfunction, and hospital characteristics, including number of ICU beds. Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary outcome was 28-day in-hospital mortality. Multilevel logistic regression was used to evaluate factors associated with death and to examine interhospital variation in treatment and outcomes. Results: A total of 2215 patients (mean [SD] age, 60.5 [14.5] years; 1436 [64.8%] male; 1738 [78.5%] with at least 1 chronic comorbidity) were included in the study. At 28 days after ICU admission, 784 patients (35.4%) had died, 824 (37.2%) were discharged, and 607 (27.4%) remained hospitalized. At the end of study follow-up (median, 16 days; interquartile range, 8-28 days), 875 patients (39.5%) had died, 1203 (54.3%) were discharged, and 137 (6.2%) remained hospitalized. Factors independently associated with death included older age (≥80 vs

Published
2020

5. 65-4: Visual Effect Analysis for an Auto-stereoscopic Display Illuminated with Directional Backlight

Author

Jiahui Wang, Wang Xiaolu, Xinjie He, Jianying Zhou, Pan Di, Kunyang Li, Yangui Zhou, and Fan Hang

Subjects
Materials science, Effect analysis, business.industry, Monte Carlo method, Physics::Optics, Stereoscopy, 02 engineering and technology, Backlight, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, Lens (optics), Optics, Liquid crystal, law, 0103 physical sciences, 0210 nano-technology, Luminescence, business, Distributed ray tracing
Abstract

The visual effect in a directional backlight auto-stereoscopic display is analyzed with Monte Carlo ray-tracing technique. The effect of microstructures on the luminescence uniformity on a liquid crystal screen is simulated and experimentally investigated. Linear Fresnel focusing lens deviating from the ideal case is studied specifically as an image focusing element.

Published
2016

6. In-hospital cardiac arrest in critically ill patients with covid-19: multicenter cohort study

Author

Hayek, Salim S, Brenner, Samantha K, Azam, Tariq U, Shadid, Husam R, Anderson, Elizabeth, Berlin, Hanna, Pan, Michael, Meloche, Chelsea, Feroz, Rafey, O’Hayer, Patrick, Kaakati, Rayan, Bitar, Abbas, Padalia, Kishan, Perry, Daniel, Blakely, Pennelope, Gupta, Shruti, Shaefi, Shahzad, Srivastava, Anand, Charytan, David M, Bansal, Anip, Mallappallil, Mary, Melamed, Michal L, Shehata, Alexandre M, Sunderram, Jag, Mathews, Kusum S, Sutherland, Anne K, Nallamothu, Brahmajee K, Leaf, David E, Malik, A Bilal, Abu-Saif, Abeer, Green, Adam, Ahoubim, Afshin, Oyintayo, Ajiboye, Jose, Aju, Athreya, Akshay, Jacobs, Alanna L, Fornoni, Alessia, Hodakowski, Alexander J, Leidner, Alexander S, Iardino, Alfredo, Friedman, Allon N, Renaghan, Amanda D, Leonberg-Yoo, Amanda K, Bansal, Amar D, Athavale, Ambarish M, Podoll, Amber S, Azhar, Ambreen, Patrawalla, Amee, Pannu, Ameeka, Zhou, Amy M, Admon, Andrew J, Vissing, Andrew, Vijayan, Anitha, Hasty, Anna E, Faugno, Anthony J, Saha, Aparna, Williams, Aquino, Rashidi, Arash, Mueller, Ariel L, Kapoor, Aromma, Tolwani, Ashita, Macina, Ashley, Tariq, Asma, Ahmed, Ayesha, Danek, Barbara A, Wu, Benjamin, Shukla, Bhavarth, Mehta, Bijal, Brown, Brent R, Garibaldi, Brian T, Schulze, Carl E, Walther, Carl P, Martinez, Carlos, Hsu, Caroline M, Corona-Villalobos, Celia P, Vasquez, Charles R, Shah, Chintan V, Parikh, Chirag R, Rowan, Chris, Schorr, Christa A, Joy, Christina Mariyam, Mosher, Christopher L, Meshberger, Christopher, Kovesdy, Csaba P, Weiner, Daniel E, Edmonston, Daniel L, Perry, Danny, Hall, Danyell, Charytan, David, De La Zerda, David, Zonies, David, Altman, Deena R, Lazarous, Deepa G, Zhu, Denzel, Sirganagari, Dheeraj Reddy, Pan, Di, Finkel, Diana G, Willett, Duwayne L, Price-Haywood, Eboni G, Schenck, Edward J, Cervantes, Carmen Elena, Au, Elizabeth H, Burnham, Ellen L, Leven, Emily A, Chang, Emily H, Gallagher, Emily J, Judd, Eric, Newman, Erik T, Yap, Ernie, Kapania, Esha M, Kim, Ethan C, Macedo, Etienne, Madhani-Lovely, Farah, Modersitzki, Frank, Contreras, Gabriel, Naimy, Gabriel, Bambrick-Santoyo, Gabriela, Nadkarni, Girish N, Mosoyan, Gohar, Katz-Greenberg, Goni, Schumaker, Greg L, Milligan, Gregory P, Nguyen, H Bryant, Rhee, Harin, Singh, Harkarandeep, Gershengorn, Hayley B, Yang, Heather, Soh, Howard, Wen, Huei Hsun, Chen, Huiwen, Shadid, Husam, Strohbehn, Ian A, Mohamed, Ibrahim, Berim, Ilya, Puri, Isha, Vohra, Ishaan, Kruser, Jacqueline M, Lash, James P, Krishnan, Jamuna, Radbel, Jared, Adams, Jason Y, Shah, Jatan A, Neyra, Javier A, Koyner, Jay L, Vatson, Jayanth S, Rachoin, Jean-Sebastien, Boateng, Jeffery O, Paer, Jeffrey M, Flythe, Jennifer E, Griffiths, Jennifer, Rodriguez, Jesus, Li, Jiahua, Ouyang, Jie, Sharma, Jill H, Wang, Jing G, Zhang, Jingjing, Reiser, Jochen, Guirguis, John, Byun, John J, Donnelly, John P, Wagner, John, Levitt, Joseph E, Hermes, Joy-Marie, Velez, Juan Carlos Q, Valencia, Juan D, Arunthamakun, Justin, Thakkar, Jyotsana, Bhattacharya, Jyotsna, Sedaliu, Kaltrina, Prudhvi, Kalyan, Pokharel, Kapil K, Senter, Katharine, Kelly, Katherine J, Liu, Kathleen D, Kopecky, Kathleen F, Rose, Keith M, Kashani, Kianoush, Padalia, Kishan J, Hess, Kristen M, Enfield, Kyle B, Golestaneh, Ladan, Bickley, Laura, Latta, Laura, Meyer, Leah, Boudourakis, Leon, Thomas, Leslie F, Chan, Lili, Shea, Lisa, Matute-Trochez, Luis A, Gomez-Escobar, Luis G, Elias, Madona, Plataki, Maria, Thaxton, Mariah, Sosa, Marie Anne, Liotta, Mark, Christov, Marta, Mallappallil, Mary C, Tugman, Matthew J, Scharf, Matthew T, Semler, Matthew W, Brogan, Maureen, Roche, Meaghan S, Krajewski, Megan L, Sise, Meghan E, Lee, Meghan, Chang, Michael, Chonchol, Michel, Hernán, Miguel A, Molnar, Miklos Z, Yunes, Milagros, Joo, Min J, Sharshir, Moh’d A, Farag, Mohamed, Fisher, Molly, Nadamuni, Mridula V, Gupta, Mrigank S, Ali, Muhammad Imran, Mohamed, Muner MB, Ernecoff, Natalie C, Kumar, Neelja, Cairl, Nicholas S, Patel, Nilam P, Goyal, Nitender, ul aain Bhatti, Noor, Chaaban, Nourhan, Kamal, Omer, Garcia, Pablo, Kao, Patricia F, Walters, Patricia, O’ Hayer, Patrick, Pattharanitima, Pattharawin, Bergl, Paul A, Bhatraju, Pavan K, Wilson, Perry, McCullough, Peter A, Cangialosi, Peter, Hart, Peter, Guru, Pramod K, Kumar, Princy N, Feroze, Rafey, Kapoor, Rajat, Hejal, Rana, Kshirsagar, Ravi K, Lisk, Rebecca, Beutler, Rebecca M, Levy, Rebecca V, Wunderink, Richard G, Raichoudhury, Ritesh, Redfern, Roberta E, Go, Ronaldo C, Malik, Rubab F, Song, Rui, Avasare, Rupali S, Mocerino, Ryan, Spiardi, Ryan C, Hedayati, S Susan, Taldone, Sabrina, John, Sabu, Abu Omar, Samah, Anumudu, Samaya J, Gautam, Samir C, Short, Samuel AP, Woo, Sang Hoon, Kapoor, Sanjana, Gupta, Sanjeev, Kassaye, Seble G, Alvarez-Mulett, Sergio L, Goldberg, Seth, Tehranian, Shahrzad, Shastri, Shani, Sharma, Shreyak, Upadhyay, Shristi, Anand, Shuchi, Bajracharya, Siddhartha, Verma, Siddharth, Shankar, Sidharth, Correa, Simon, Chaudhry, Sobaata, Bose, Sonali, Puri, Sonika, Cho, Soo Jung, Arikapudi, Sowminya, Lee, Stefi, Toth-Manikowski, Stephanie M, Coca, Steven G, Menez, Steven, Chang, Steven Y, Sharma, Sunita, Waikar, Sushrut S, Boyle, Suzanne M, Arora, Tanima, Ferreira, Tanira, Shaukat, Tanveer, Johns, Tanya S, Nguyen, Thuy-Duyen, Albertson, Timothy E, Li, Tingting, Miano, Todd A, Ugwuowo, Ugochukwu, Rusnak, Vadym V, Allusson, Valerie, Jotwani, Vasantha K, Peev, Vasil, Jaikaransingh, Vishal, Cruz, Vivian S, Wang, Wei, Whalen, William, Deng, Xiaoying, Ahmad, Yahya, Zhou, Yan, Melaku, Yohannes, Azzi, Yorg, Wen, Yumeng, Cohen, Zaza, Kibbelaar, Zoe A, and Post, Zoe

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Pneumonia, Viral, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, law.invention, Cohort Studies, Betacoronavirus, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, law, Intensive care, Humans, Medicine, Hospital Mortality, Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, Asystole, Pandemics, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, Research, Incidence (epidemiology), COVID-19, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Intensive care unit, United States, Heart Arrest, Intensive Care Units, Pneumonia, Pulseless electrical activity, Emergency medicine, Female, Coronavirus Infections, business, Cohort study
Abstract

Objectives To estimate the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes associated with in-hospital cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation in critically ill adults with coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19). Design Multicenter cohort study. Setting Intensive care units at 68 geographically diverse hospitals across the United States. Participants Critically ill adults (age ≥18 years) with laboratory confirmed covid-19. Main outcome measures In-hospital cardiac arrest within 14 days of admission to an intensive care unit and in-hospital mortality. Results Among 5019 critically ill patients with covid-19, 14.0% (701/5019) had in-hospital cardiac arrest, 57.1% (400/701) of whom received cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Patients who had in-hospital cardiac arrest were older (mean age 63 (standard deviation 14) v 60 (15) years), had more comorbidities, and were more likely to be admitted to a hospital with a smaller number of intensive care unit beds compared with those who did not have in-hospital cardiac arrest. Patients who received cardiopulmonary resuscitation were younger than those who did not (mean age 61 (standard deviation 14) v 67 (14) years). The most common rhythms at the time of cardiopulmonary resuscitation were pulseless electrical activity (49.8%, 199/400) and asystole (23.8%, 95/400). 48 of the 400 patients (12.0%) who received cardiopulmonary resuscitation survived to hospital discharge, and only 7.0% (28/400) survived to hospital discharge with normal or mildly impaired neurological status. Survival to hospital discharge differed by age, with 21.2% (11/52) of patients younger than 45 years surviving compared with 2.9% (1/34) of those aged 80 or older. Conclusions Cardiac arrest is common in critically ill patients with covid-19 and is associated with poor survival, particularly among older patients.

Published
2020

7. A high performance auto-stereoscopic display based on free-form surface backlight array and mix-teeth Fresnel lens

Author

Pan Di, Xian Yuqiao, Jiahui Wang, Kunyang Li, Wu Zhichao, Jianying Zhou, and Yangui Zhou

Subjects
Materials science, business.industry, Stereoscopy, Fresnel lens, Moiré pattern, Backlight, Zone plate, Viewing angle, Luminance, law.invention, Optics, law, Anisotropy, business
Abstract

An ultra HD, low crosstalk, high luminance uniformity, and wide field of view auto-stereoscopic display is demonstrated with the use of novel free-form surface backlight array (FFSBA) and mix-teeth Fresnel lens (MTFL) technology, in conjunction with a hybrid spatial and temporal control scenario. The luminance uniformity is shown to be higher than 95.3% even within a wide viewing angle, and the minimum achievable crosstalk can be as small as 2.2%. The moire pattern is avoided by an equivalent anisotropic film (EAF).

Published
2017

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