1. Combined exposure to nano-silica and lead induced potentiation of oxidative stress and DNA damage in human lung epithelial cells.
- Author
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Lu CF, Yuan XY, Li LZ, Zhou W, Zhao J, Wang YM, and Peng SQ
- Subjects
- Air Pollutants analysis, Antioxidants analysis, Cell Line, Comet Assay, Drug Synergism, Epithelial Cells enzymology, Epithelial Cells pathology, Humans, Lead analysis, Lipid Peroxidation drug effects, Lung enzymology, Lung pathology, Nanoparticles analysis, Particle Size, Particulate Matter analysis, Particulate Matter toxicity, Reactive Oxygen Species analysis, Silicon Dioxide analysis, Surface Properties, Air Pollutants toxicity, DNA Damage, Epithelial Cells drug effects, Lead toxicity, Lung drug effects, Nanoparticles toxicity, Oxidative Stress drug effects, Silicon Dioxide toxicity
- Abstract
Growing evidence has confirmed that exposure to ambient particulate matters (PM) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases. Ambient PM is a complex mixture of particles and air pollutants. Harmful effects of PM are specifically associated with ultrafine particles (UFPs) that can adsorb high concentrations of toxic air pollutants and are easily inhaled into the lungs. However, combined effects of UFPs and air pollutants on human health remain unclear. In the present study, we elucidated the combined toxicity of silica nanoparticles (nano-SiO2), a typical UFP, and lead acetate (Pb), a typical air pollutant. Lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells were exposed to nano-SiO2 and Pb alone or their combination, and their combined toxicity was investigated by focusing on cellular oxidative stress and DNA damage. Factorial analyses were performed to determine the potential interactions between nano-SiO2 and Pb. Our results showed that exposure of A549 cells to a modest cytotoxic concentration of Pb alone induced oxidative stress, as evidenced by elevated reactive oxygen species generation and lipid peroxidation, and reduced glutathione content and superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities. In addition, exposure of A549 cells to Pb alone induced DNA damage, as evaluated by alkaline comet assay. Exposure of A549 cells to non-cytotoxic concentration of nano-SiO2 did not induce cellular oxidative stress and DNA damage. However, exposure to the combination of nano-SiO2 and Pb potentiated oxidative stress and DNA damage in A549 cells. Factorial analyses indicated that the potentiation of combined toxicity of nano-SiO2 and Pb was induced by additive or synergistic interactions., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2015
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