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One approach that promotes Positive Youth Development (PYD) among youth is being involved in leadership activities. Focusing on the mentoring process in a leadership development program serves as the foundation for cultivating these positive aspects for the young generation. The purpose of this study is to explore the character development process in promoting developmental assets through youth leadership mentoring. The study was conducted using qualitative research informed by the case study paradigm that involved 13 informants through in-depth interview, participant observation and document analysis as data collections. Empirical findings from the study show that mentoring process such as the display of prudent characteristics, integrity development and preferred leadership style among youth leaders lead to character development. In conclusion, the data indicated that mentoring clearly had the potential to constitute the process of character building among youth. This youth leadership mentoring process contributes to the development of their capabilities in leadership and enhances the implementation of effective youth leadership mentoring processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This article seeks to highlight the significance of the understanding of the cultural dimensions, global leadership attributes, and leadership profiles of the home culture of Malaysia in comparison to the adopted host culture of Canada to incorporate the best cross-cultural leadership practices. It presents the preferred leadership portrait of successful cross-cultural leadership. Findings: Cross-cultural competence has become a considerable important research in the last two decades. Cross-cultural studies on cross-cultural differences in leadership interaction of the home and host cultures of leaders are needed. It is appropriate to consider the preferred leadership portrait that adapts to the cultural dimensions, global leadership attributes, and leadership profiles of the leader's home and host cultures for effective cross-cultural leadership practice. Research limitations/implications: The findings of this conceptual review paper need further study to validate the application of the adaptation of the cultural dimensions, global leadership attributes, and leadership profiles of the related home and host countries based on the GLOBE study. Practical implications: There are values in the understanding of the application of cross-cultural principles based on cross-cultural research information for cross-cultural leadership adaptation and practices. The knowledge of the related leadership, cultural factors will facilitate cross-cultural understanding and interrelation. Leaders today are to develop the competencies to be effective in the globally connected societies as well. Originality/value: This paper on crosscultural leadership used findings based on the GLOBE studies as the main text to understand the various cultural factors that have an impact on leadership. The information on the cultural dimensions, global leadership attributes, and leadership profiles of the home and adopted host countries were compared and contrasted to construct the best approach for cross-cultural leadership practices. The concept of the preferred leadership portrait is in congruent to the leadership, sustainability concept that promotes the long term view and progress of leaders, systems, and organizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Are levels of competencies related to academic leadership effectiveness? Is gender related to leadership effectiveness? Is there an interaction effect between levels of competencies and gender on leadership effectiveness? These research questions were examined in the context of middle level leadership in a research university in Malaysia. This study is a survey that involves 59 respondents which includes the Deans, Deputy Deans, Directors and Head of Departments. The data were collected using research instrument adapted and developed by the researchers. Six levels of competencies were studied that include areas such as Organizational Strategy, Resource Management, Communication, Collaboration, Higher Education Advocacy and Professionalism. The data were analyzed using Factorial ANOVA. Based on the analysis, the findings were: (1) Levels of competencies have significant effect on leadership effectiveness; (2) Gender does not have significant effect on leadership effectiveness; (3) The interaction between levels of competencies and gender does not have a significant effect on leadership effectiveness. Based on the findings, the levels of competencies can be utilized for developing academic leaders in Research University in Malaysia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Despite the theoretical justification for the importance of self-awareness as a key input to leadership development, the construct, as understood according to awareness of one's traits and tasks, has received little attention in the literature related to undergraduate leadership development. This article sets out to address this gap by investigating Trait and Task Self-awareness (SA) among more than 1700 under graduate students from Malaysian institutions of higher learning. Analysis focused on comparing Trait and Task SA according to seven demographic variables. Results indicated that older, male students with higher CGPAs from the social sciences scored higher on both types of self-awareness than their counterparts. The findings begin to shed light on Malaysian undergraduates' status in terms of the development of self-awareness in the context of leadership, and how it can be further enhanced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]