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Abstract: An efficient electron transporting layer (ETL) based on single walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) composites has been developed for poly [2-methoxy-5-(2′-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene] (MEH-PPV) based orange polymer light emitting diodes (PLEDs) and its effect on the performance of PLEDs has been examined. It is observed that with increase in SWCNT concentration, in ETL, the luminance and luminous efficiency of the PLEDs increase (about 5 times increase in luminance is observed at 5%w/w SWCNT concentration). The SWCNTs present in the MEH-PPV ETL boost the mobility of electrons injected from the cathode towards the emissive layer by establishing highly conducting percolation paths. This balances the concentration of holes and electrons in the emissive layer, which leads to enhanced emission from the PLEDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An efficient white polymer light-emitting diode (WPLED) with stable Commission Internationale de l’éclairage (CIE) coordinates is fabricated. A blue electroluminescence (EL)-emitting conducting polymer [poly(9,9-di- n-hexyl-fluorenyl-2,7-diyl)] is used as a host for red [ Bis(1-phenyl-isoquinoline)(acetylacetonate)iridium(III)] and green [iridium(III) tris(2-(4-tolyl)pyridinato- N,C2)] phosphorescent dyes. Although efficient triplet energy transfer is not possible in the green phosphorescent dye, the self-trapping mechanism is utilized for the emission of EL in the green region while an efficient triplet exciton energy transfer from the host to the red dye is utilized for EL in the red wavelength region. Concentrations of the three constituents are optimized to obtain pure white light of appropriate CIE coordinates. An efficient electron-blocking layer based on a biomaterial (salmon-DNA) is also incorporated in the WPLED to improve the device performance. The WPLED shows three distinguished peaks for the primary colors and achieved a maximum luminance and luminous efficiency of 350 cd/m2 and 0.86 cd/A, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The combined effect of a salmon deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-based electron blocking layer and a single walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) composite-based electron transport layer on the performance of a poly[2-methoxy-5-(2′-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene] (MEH-PPV) polymer light emitting diode (PLED) has been examined. The SWCNT network in the composite layer improves electron injection from cathode and the DNA blocks these high mobility electrons at the electron blocking layer–polymer interface, leading to high luminance from the device. The luminous efficiency of the PLED is increased ∼20 times compared to that of a PLED using only MEH-PPV. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The effect of salmon DNA–CTMA as an electron blocking layer (EBL) has been examined on the performance of MEH–PPV and PFO-based light emitting diodes. Though the turn-on voltage increases with incorporation of EBL, a significant increase in luminance and luminous efficiency for both the devices is observed. The EBL improves the device performance by blocking electrons at the EBL–polymer interface, thereby increasing the recombination probability of electrons and holes. The luminance of the MEH–PPV based Bio-LED increases to 100cd/m2 from 30cd/m2 while a corresponding increase for the PFO based LED is to 160cd/m2 from 80cd/m2 with and without EBL, respectively. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The effect of incorporation of graphene nanosheets on the efficiency of poly [2-methoxy-5-(2′-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene] (MEH-PPV) based light emitting diodes (LED) has been examined by varying the graphene concentration from 0 to 0.1 wt%. It was observed that graphene doping enhances the photoluminescence (PL) emission from the PPV layer by ~6 times at the blending concentration of 0.005 wt%. This is attributed to the isolation of individual polymer chains that quenches the inter-chain relaxations and boosts the intra-chain transitions. The improvement in device luminance is also found to be ~6 times as compared to that with MEH-PPV only LED at 0.005 wt% graphene concentration. This is due to the high charge carrier mobility in graphene nanostructure that assists in balancing the charge carrier concentration in the emissive layer. Also due to its low LUMO level, graphene improves electron injection from the cathode. Both these effects lead to enhancement in the device luminescence. Employment of graphene in this manner also leads to lowering of turn-on voltage of the device. This is attributed to the ability of graphene sheets to establish an interconnected conducting network in the polymer matrix that lowers the device resistance. However, at higher graphene concentration, this property short circuits the device structure, which greatly deteriorates its performance. The graphene concentration, therefore, should be kept below the percolation threshold level to develop high efficiency devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]