1. Untargeted lipidomic analysis to broadly characterize the effects of pathogenic and non-pathogenic staphylococci on mammalian lipids.
- Author
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Gajenthra Kumar N, Contaifer D Jr, Baker PRS, Ekroos K, Jefferson KK, and Wijesinghe DS
- Subjects
- Animals, Cattle, Lipid Metabolism physiology, Lipids, Myocardium metabolism, Staphylococcus metabolism
- Abstract
Modification of the host lipidome via secreted enzymes is an integral, but often overlooked aspect of bacterial pathogenesis. In the current era of prevalent antibiotic resistance, knowledge regarding critical host pathogen lipid interactions has the potential for use in developing novel antibacterial agents. While most studies to date on this matter have focused on specific lipids, or select lipid classes, this provides an incomplete picture. Modern methods of untargeted lipidomics have the capacity to overcome these gaps in knowledge and provide a comprehensive understanding of the role of lipid metabolism in the pathogenesis of infections. In an attempt to determine the role of lipid modifying enzymes produced by staphylococci, we exposed bovine heart lipids, a standardized model for the mammalian lipidome, to spent medium from staphylococcal cultures, and analyzed lipid molecular changes by MS/MSALL shotgun lipidomics. We elucidate distinct effects of different staphylococcal isolates, including 4 clinical isolates of the pathogenic species Staphylococcus aureus, a clinical isolate of the normally commensal species S. epidermidis, and the non-pathogenic species S. carnosus. Two highly virulent strains of S. aureus had a more profound effect on mammalian lipids and modified more lipid classes than the other staphylococcal strains. Our studies demonstrate the utility of the applied untargeted lipidomics methodology to profile lipid changes induced by different bacterial secretomes. Finally, we demonstrate the promise of this lipidomics approach in assessing the specificity of bacterial enzymes for mammalian lipid classes. Our data suggests that there may be a correlation between the bacterial expression of lipid-modifying enzymes and virulence, and could facilitate the guided discovery of lipid pathways required for bacterial infections caused by S. aureus and thereby provide insights into the generation of novel antibacterial agents., Competing Interests: PRSB was employed by SCIEX LLC. during the course of the study. SCIEX allowed PRSB to generate early proof of concept data using their in house instrument platform. PRSB is currently an employee at Avanti Polar Lipids. Lipidomics Consulting Ltd is solely owned and operated by KE. There are no patents, products in development or marketed products to declare. The commercial affiliations of the authors PRSB and KE does not alter our adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. None of the other authors have any competing interests. All the data has been made available with this manuscript.
- Published
- 2018
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