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This article discusses a rare condition called complete posterior atlantoaxial dislocation (PAAD) with an unfractured odontoid process (UFOP), which is a traumatic injury to the craniocervical junction. The main objective of treatment is to preserve neurological function and restore spine stability. Traditional approaches for odontoidectomy, such as transnasal and transoral routes, are technically challenging and associated with complications. The article presents a case report of a patient with PAAD and describes a novel endoscopic surgical approach called Anterior Full-Endoscopic Transcervical (AFETA) Odontoidectomy, which provides a safer alternative for the treatment of this condition. [Extracted from the article]

This article, published in the Journal of Neurological Surgery, discusses penetrating transorbital brain injuries (TOBIs), which are relatively rare and unique types of trauma. The diagnosis of TOBI requires a high degree of suspicion, thorough clinical examination, and appropriate imaging. Treatment options for TOBI include conservative and surgical approaches, but there is little evidence of their effectiveness and superiority. The article presents a case series of TOBI, describing the foreign body, surgical approach, outcomes, and complications, and also reviews the available literature. The authors conclude that prompt surgical management is crucial for TOBI, and they discuss the use of transorbital neuroendoscopic surgery as a viable and secure approach. [Extracted from the article]

Collet-Sicard syndrome (CSS) is the unilateral palsy of the cranial nerves (CN) IX, X, XI, and XII. To our knowledge, no review describes the characteristics of patients diagnosed with CSS. Therefore, this review aims to collect and describe all cases in the literature labeled as CSS. We performed a scoping review of the literature and conducted a database search in Embase and PubMed. We included articles and abstracts with case reports or case series of patients with CSS diagnosis. We classified the cases into two groups: "CSS", referring to patients presenting exclusively with IX-XII nerve involvement, and "CSS-plus", which corresponds to cases with CSS and other neurological impairments. We included 135 patients from 126 articles, of which 84 (67.7%) were male. The most common clinical manifestations reported were dysphagia and dysphonia. The most common etiology was tumoral in 53 cases (39.6%) and vascular in 37 cases (27.6%). The majority of patients showed partial or total improvement, with just over half receiving conservative treatment. The most frequent anatomic space was the jugular foramen (44.4%) and the parapharyngeal retrostyloid space (28.9%). Approximately 21% of the patients had other CN impairments, with the seventh and eighth CN most frequently compromised. We conclude that although there is a need for greater rigor in CSS reporting, the syndrome has a clear utility in identifying the localization of jugular foramen and parapharyngeal retrostyloid space pathology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]