1. Associations between plasma sulfur amino acids and specific fat depots in two independent cohorts: CODAM and The Maastricht Study.
- Author
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Tore, Elena C., Elshorbagy, Amany K., Bakers, Frans C. H., Brouwers, Martijn C. G. J., Dagnelie, Pieter C., Eussen, Simone J. P. M., Jansen, Jacobus F. A., Kooi, M. Eline, Kusters, Yvo H. A. M., Meex, Steven J. R., Olsen, Thomas, Refsum, Helga, Retterstøl, Kjetil, Schalkwijk, Casper G., Stehouwer, Coen D. A., Vinknes, Kathrine J., and van Greevenbroek, Marleen M. J.
- Subjects
OBESITY risk factors ,OBESITY complications ,SULFUR amino acids ,BODY composition ,CYSTEINE ,HOMOCYSTEINE ,GLUTATHIONE ,SKINFOLD thickness ,PHOTON absorptiometry ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,CROSS-sectional method ,LIQUID chromatography ,ABDOMINAL adipose tissue ,REGRESSION analysis ,METHIONINE ,NON-alcoholic fatty liver disease ,METABOLIC disorders ,RISK assessment ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,MASS spectrometry ,RESEARCH funding ,WAIST circumference ,BODY mass index ,LOGISTIC regression analysis ,ODDS ratio ,ADIPOSE tissues ,LONGITUDINAL method ,PREDIABETIC state ,DISEASE risk factors - Abstract
Purpose: Sulfur amino acids (SAAs) have been associated with obesity and obesity-related metabolic diseases. We investigated whether plasma SAAs (methionine, total cysteine (tCys), total homocysteine, cystathionine and total glutathione) are related to specific fat depots. Methods: We examined cross-sectional subsets from the CODAM cohort (n = 470, 61.3% men, median [IQR]: 67 [61, 71] years) and The Maastricht Study (DMS; n = 371, 53.4% men, 63 [55, 68] years), enriched with (pre)diabetic individuals. SAAs were measured in fasting EDTA plasma with LC–MS/MS. Outcomes comprised BMI, skinfolds, waist circumference (WC), dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA, DMS), body composition, abdominal subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues (CODAM: ultrasound, DMS: MRI) and liver fat (estimated, in CODAM, or MRI-derived, in DMS, liver fat percentage and fatty liver disease). Associations were examined with linear or logistic regressions adjusted for relevant confounders with z-standardized primary exposures and outcomes. Results: Methionine was associated with all measures of liver fat, e.g., fatty liver disease [CODAM: OR = 1.49 (95% CI 1.19, 1.88); DMS: OR = 1.51 (1.09, 2.14)], but not with other fat depots. tCys was associated with overall obesity, e.g., BMI [CODAM: β = 0.19 (0.09, 0.28); DMS: β = 0.24 (0.14, 0.34)]; peripheral adiposity, e.g., biceps and triceps skinfolds [CODAM: β = 0.15 (0.08, 0.23); DMS: β = 0.20 (0.12, 0.29)]; and central adiposity, e.g., WC [CODAM: β = 0.16 (0.08, 0.25); DMS: β = 0.17 (0.08, 0.27)]. Associations of tCys with VAT and liver fat were inconsistent. Other SAAs were not associated with body fat. Conclusion: Plasma concentrations of methionine and tCys showed distinct associations with different fat depots, with similar strengths in the two cohorts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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