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A meta-analysis was conducted of 77 longitudinal studies that contained at least one over-time correlation (range 1 to 36) between scores for peer victimization measured at different time points. The overall stability of self-reported peer victimization was determined at centered values (age 10, one-year interval). The effects of interval length, age, and type of informant (self, peer, teacher, other/combined) on the stability of victimization were also examined. Moderate overall stability of self-reported victimization at age 10 across a 1-year interval was found. Stability decreased across larger longitudinal intervals. Peer- and other/combined-reports of peer victimization yielded higher stability estimates than self-reports. Teacher-reports yielded stability estimates that were equal to those for self-reports. An interaction was found between age and informant type (peer vs. self), indicating a larger increase in the stability of victimization with age for peer-reports than for self-reports. Implications for further research and practice were discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Patient care in a psychiatric setting can benefit from a more systematic, transparent, and goal-driven way of working. The methodical work approach, with its cyclic five phases, provides such an approach: (i) translation of problems into goals; (ii) search for means to realize the goals; (iii) formulation of an individualized plan; (iv) implementation of the plan; and (v) evaluation and readjustment. We examined the effect of the methodical work approach on the use of seclusion at a ward for the intensive treatment of inpatients with psychoses and substance-use disorders. The team of this ward implemented the methodical work approach. Special attention was paid to the involvement of the patient and his/her family in the treatment process and to the role of the coordinating nurse. Compared to control wards within the same hospital, at the ward where the methodical work approach was implemented, a more pronounced reduction was achieved in the number of incidents and in the total hours of seclusion. Implementation of the methodical work approach can contribute to a reduction in the use of seclusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]