37 results on '"Dharmage, Shyamali"'
Search Results
2. Can We Use Lung Function Thresholds and Respiratory Symptoms to Identify Pre-Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease? A Prospective, Population-based Cohort Study.
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Tan, Daniel J., Lodge, Caroline J., Walters, E. Haydn, Bui, Dinh S., Pham, Jonathan, Lowe, Adrian J., Bowatte, Gayan, Vicendese, Don, Erbas, Bircan, Johns, David P., James, Alan L., Frith, Peter, Hamilton, Garun S., Thomas, Paul S., Wood-Baker, Richard, Han, MeiLan K., Washko, George R., Abramson, Michael J., Perret, Jennifer L., and Dharmage, Shyamali C.
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LUNG diseases ,LUNGS ,COHORT analysis ,MIDDLE-aged persons ,LUNG volume - Abstract
Rationale: The term "pre–chronic obstructive pulmonary disease" ("pre-COPD") refers to individuals at high risk of developing COPD who do not meet conventional spirometric criteria for airflow obstruction. New approaches to identifying these individuals are needed, particularly in younger populations. Objectives: To determine whether lung function thresholds and respiratory symptoms can be used to identify individuals at risk of developing COPD. Methods: The Tasmanian Longitudinal Health Study comprises a population-based cohort first studied in 1968 (at age 7 yr). Respiratory symptoms, pre- and post-bronchodilator (BD) spirometry, diffusing capacity, and static lung volumes were measured in a subgroup at age 45, and the incidence of COPD was assessed at age 53. For each lung function measure, z-scores were calculated using Global Lung Function Initiative references. The optimal threshold for best discrimination of COPD incidence was determined by the unweighted Youden index. Measurements and Main Results: Among 801 participants who did not have COPD at age 45, the optimal threshold for COPD incidence by age 53 was pre-BD FEV
1 /FVC z-score less than −1.264, corresponding to the lowest 10th percentile. Those below this threshold had a 36-fold increased risk of developing COPD over an 8-year follow-up period (risk ratio, 35.8; 95% confidence interval, 8.88 to 144), corresponding to a risk difference of 16.4% (95% confidence interval, 3.7 to 67.4). The sensitivity was 88%, and the specificity was 87%. Positive and negative likelihood ratios were 6.79 and 0.14, respectively. Respiratory symptoms, post-BD spirometry, diffusing capacity, and static lung volumes did not improve on the classification achieved by pre-BD FEV1 /FVC alone. Conclusions: This is the first study, to our knowledge, to evaluate the discriminatory accuracy of spirometry, diffusing capacity, and static lung volume thresholds for COPD incidence in middle-aged adults. Our findings support the inclusion of pre-BD spirometry in the physiological definition of pre-COPD and indicate that pre-BD FEV1 /FVC at the 10th percentile accurately identifies individuals at high risk of developing COPD in community-based settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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3. Effects of testosterone and sex hormone binding globulin on lung function in males and females: a multivariable Mendelian Randomisation study.
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van der Plaat, Diana A., Lenoir, Alexandra, Dharmage, Shyamali, Potts, James, Real, Francisco Gómez, Jarvis, Debbie, Minelli, Cosetta, and Leynaert, Bénédicte
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SEX hormones ,LUNGS ,TESTOSTERONE ,GLOBULINS - Published
- 2024
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4. Lung function changes in children exposed to mine fire smoke in infancy.
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Hemstock, Emily J., Foong, Rachel E., Hall, Graham L., Wheeler, Amanda J., Dharmage, Shyamali C., Dalton, Marita, Williamson, Grant J., Gao, Caroline, Abramson, Michael J., Johnston, Fay H., and Zosky, Graeme R.
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PARTICULATE matter ,INFANTS ,AIR pollution ,LUNGS ,SMOKE - Abstract
Background and Objective: Chronic, low‐intensity air pollution exposure has been consistently associated with reduced lung function throughout childhood. However, there is limited research regarding the implications of acute, high‐intensity air pollution exposure. We aimed to determine whether there were any associations between early life exposure to such an episode and lung growth trajectories. Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study of children who lived in the vicinity of the Hazelwood coalmine fire. Lung function was measured using respiratory oscillometry. Z‐scores were calculated for resistance (R5) and reactance at 5 Hz (X5) and area under the reactance curve (AX). Two sets of analyses were conducted: (i) linear regression to assess the cross‐sectional relationship between post‐natal exposure to mine fire‐related particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 micrometres (PM2.5) and lung function at the 7‐year follow‐up and (ii) linear mixed‐effects models to determine whether there was any association between exposure and changes in lung function between the 3‐ and 7‐year follow‐ups. Results: There were no associations between mine fire‐related PM2.5 and any of the lung function measures, 7‐years later. There were moderate improvements in X5 (β: −0.37 [−0.64, −0.10] p = 0.009) and AX (β: −0.40 [−0.72, −0.08] p = 0.014), between the 3‐ and 7‐year follow‐ups that were associated with mean PM2.5, in the unadjusted and covariance‐adjusted models. Similar trends were observed with maximum PM2.5. Conclusion: There was a moderate improvement in lung stiffness of children exposed to PM2.5 from a local coalmine fire in infancy, consistent with an early deficit in lung function at 3‐years after the fire that had resolved by 7‐years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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5. Association between perinatal and early life exposures and lung function in Australian Indigenous young adults: The Aboriginal Birth Cohort study.
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Navaratnam, Vidya, Forrester, Douglas L., Chang, Anne B., Dharmage, Shyamali C., and Singh, Gurmeet R.
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COHORT analysis ,ABORIGINAL Australians ,INDIGENOUS Australians ,YOUNG adults ,LUNGS - Abstract
Background and Objective: Despite the high burden of respiratory disease amongst Indigenous populations, prevalence data on spirometric deficits and its determinants are limited. We estimated the prevalence of abnormal spirometry in young Indigenous adults and determined its relationship with perinatal and early life factors. Methods: We used prospectively collected data from the Australian Aboriginal Birth Cohort, a birth cohort of 686 Indigenous Australian singletons. We calculated the proportion with abnormal spirometry (z‐score <−1.64) and FEV1 below the population mean (FEV1% predicted 0 to −2SD) measured in young adulthood. We evaluated the association between perinatal and early life exposures with spirometry indices using linear regression. Results: Fifty‐nine people (39.9%, 95%CI 31.9, 48.2) had abnormal spirometry; 72 (49.3%, 95%CI 40.9, 57.7) had a FEV1 below the population mean. Pre‐school hospitalisations for respiratory infections, younger maternal age, being overweight in early childhood and being born remotely were associated with reduced FEV1 and FVC (absolute, %predicted and z‐score). The association between maternal age and FEV1 and FVC were stronger in women, as was hospitalization for respiratory infections before age 5. Being born remotely had a stronger association with reduced FEV1 and FVC in men. Participants born in a remote community were over 6 times more likely to have a FEV1 below the population mean (odds ratio [OR] 6.30, 95%CI 1.93, 20.59). Conclusion: Young Indigenous adults have a high prevalence of impaired lung function associated with several perinatal and early life factors, some of which are modifiable with feasible interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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6. Occupational exposures to solvents and metals are associated with fixed airflow obstruction
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Alif, Sheikh M, Dharmage, Shyamali C, Benke, Geza, Dennekamp, Martine, Burgess, John A, Perret, Jennifer L, Lodge, Caroline J, Morrison, Stephen, Johns, David P, Giles, Graham G, Gurrin, Lyle C, Thomas, Paul S, Hopper, John L, Wood-Baker, Richard, Thompson, Bruce R, Feather, Iain H, Vermeulen, Roel, Kromhout, Hans, Walters, E Haydn, Abramson, Michael J, and Matheson, Melanie C
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- 2017
7. No association between in utero exposure to emissions from a coalmine fire and post-natal lung function.
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Hemstock, Emily J., Foong, Rachel E., Hall, Graham L., Wheeler, Amanda J., Dharmage, Shyamali C., Dalton, Marita, Williamson, Grant J., Gao, Caroline, Abramson, Michael J., Johnston, Fay H., and Zosky, Graeme R.
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EMISSION exposure ,ABANDONED children ,FIRE exposure ,LUNGS ,AIR pollution - Abstract
Background and objective: Studies linking early life exposure to air pollution and subsequent impaired lung health have focused on chronic, low-level exposures in urban settings. We aimed to determine whether in utero exposure to an acute, high-intensity air pollution episode impaired lung function 7-years later. Method: We conducted a prospective cohort study of children who lived in the vicinity of a coalmine fire. Respiratory function was measured using the forced oscillation technique (FOT). Z-scores for resistance at 5 Hz (R
5 ), reactance at 5 Hz (X5 ) and area under the reactance curve (AX) were calculated. Two sets of analyses were conducted to address two separate questions: (1) whether mine fire exposure (a binary indicator; conceived after the mine fire vs in utero exposed) was associated with the respiratory Z-scores; (2) whether there was any dose–response relationship between fire-related PM2.5 exposure and respiratory outcomes among those exposed. Results: Acceptable lung function measurements were obtained from 79 children; 25 unexposed and 54 exposed in utero. Median (interquartile range) for daily average and peak PM2.5 for the exposed children were 4.2 (2.6 – 14.2) and 88 (52—225) µg/m3 respectively. There were no detectable differences in Z-scores between unexposed and exposed children. There were no associations between respiratory Z-scores and in utero exposure to PM2.5 (daily average or peak). Conclusion: There was no detectable effect of in utero exposure to PM2.5 from a local coalmine fire on post-natal lung function 7-years later. However, statistical power was limited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
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8. Biomarkers of asthma relapse and lung function decline in adults with spontaneous asthma remission: A population‐based cohort study.
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Tan, Daniel J., Lodge, Caroline J., Walters, Eugene Haydn, Lowe, Adrian J., Bui, Dinh S., Bowatte, Gayan, Kandane‐Rathnayake, Rangi, Aldakheel, Fahad M., Erbas, Bircan, Hamilton, Garun S., Thomas, Paul S., Hew, Mark, Tang, Mimi L. K., Abramson, Michael J., Perret, Jennifer L., and Dharmage, Shyamali C.
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ASTHMA ,BRONCHIAL spasm ,LUNGS ,COHORT analysis ,BIOMARKERS - Abstract
Background: The extent to which biomarkers of asthma activity persist in spontaneous asthma remission and whether such markers are associated with future respiratory outcomes remained unclear. We investigated the association between sub‐clinical inflammation in adults with spontaneous asthma remission and future asthma relapse and lung function decline. Methods: The Tasmanian Longitudinal Health Study is a population‐based cohort (n = 8583). Biomarkers of systemic inflammation were measured on participants at age 45, and latent profile analysis was used to identify cytokine profiles. Bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) and nitric oxide products in exhaled breath condensate (EBC NOx) were measured at age 50. Participants with spontaneous asthma remission at ages 45 (n = 466) and 50 (n = 318) were re‐evaluated at age 53, and associations between baseline inflammatory biomarkers and subsequent asthma relapse and lung function decline were assessed. Results: We identified three cytokine profiles in adults with spontaneous asthma remission: average (34%), Th2‐high (42%) and Th2‐low (24%). Compared to the average profile, a Th2‐high profile was associated with accelerated decline in post‐BD FEV1/FVC (MD −0.18% predicted per‐year; 95% CI −0.33, −0.02), while a Th2‐low profile was associated with accelerated decline in both post‐BD FEV1 (−0.41%; −0.75, −0.06) and post‐BD FVC (−0.31%; −0.62, 0.01). BHR and high TNF‐α during spontaneous remission were associated with an increased risk of asthma relapse. In contrast, we found no evidence of association between EBC NOx and either asthma relapse or lung function decline. Conclusion: BHR and serum inflammatory cytokines have prognostic value in adults with spontaneous asthma remission. At‐risk individuals with BHR, Th2‐high or Th2‐low cytokine profiles may benefit from closer monitoring and on‐going follow‐up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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9. Association between very to moderate preterm births, lung function deficits, and COPD at age 53 years: analysis of a prospective cohort study.
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Bui, Dinh S, Perret, Jennifer L, Walters, E Haydn, Lodge, Caroline J, Bowatte, Gayan, Hamilton, Garun S, Thompson, Bruce R, Frith, Peter, Erbas, Bircan, Thomas, Paul S, Johns, David P, Wood-Baker, Richard, Hopper, John L, Davis, Peter G, Abramson, Michael J, Lowe, Adrian J, and Dharmage, Shyamali C
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PREMATURE labor ,LUNGS ,CHRONIC obstructive pulmonary disease ,MATERNAL age ,LONGITUDINAL method - Abstract
Prematurity has been linked to reduced lung function up to age 33 years, but its long-term effects on lung function and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are unknown. To address this question, we investigated associations between prematurity, lung function, and COPD in the sixth decade of life using data from the Tasmanian Longitudinal Health Study (TAHS). Data were analysed from 1445 participants in the TAHS. Lung function was measured at 53 years of age. Gestational ages were very preterm (28 weeks to <32 weeks), moderate preterm (32 weeks to <34 weeks), late preterm (34 weeks to <37 weeks) and term (≥37 weeks). Linear and logistic regression models were fitted to investigate associations of prematurity with lung function measures (FEV 1 , forced vital capacity [FVC], FEV 1 /FVC ratio, forced expiratory flow at 25–75% of FVC [FEF 25–75% ], diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide [DLCO]) and COPD (post-bronchodilator FEV 1 /FVC less than the lower limit of normal), adjusting for sex, age, height, parental smoking during pregnancy, number of older siblings, maternal age at birth, and childhood socioeconomic status. Interactions with smoking and asthma were also investigated. Of 3565 individuals with available data on gestational age from the TAHS cohort, 1445 (41%) participants were included in this study, 740 (51%) of whom were female. Compared with term birth, very to moderate preterm birth was significantly associated with an increased risk of COPD at age 53 years (odds ratio 2·9 [95% CI 1·1–7·7]). Very-to-moderate preterm birth was also associated with lower post-bronchodilator FEV 1 /FVC ratio (beta-coefficient –2·9% [95% CI –4·9 to –0·81]), FEV 1 (−190 mL [–339 to –40]), DLCO (−0·55 mmol/min/kPa [–0·97 to –0·13]), and FEF 25–75% (−339 mL/s [–664 to –14]). The association between very-to-moderate preterm birth and FEV 1 /FVC ratio was only significant among smokers (p interaction =0·0082). Similar findings were observed for moderate preterm birth when analysed as a separate group. Compared with term birth, late preterm birth was not associated with lower FEV 1 /FVC ratio or COPD. This is the first study to investigate the effect of prematurity on lung function into middle-age. Data show that very-to-moderate prematurity is associated with obstructive lung function deficits including COPD well into the sixth decade of life and that this effect is compounded by personal smoking. National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) of Australia, European Union's Horizon 2020, The University of Melbourne, Clifford Craig Medical Research Trust of Tasmania, The Victorian, Queensland & Tasmanian Asthma Foundations, The Royal Hobart Hospital, Helen MacPherson Smith Trust, and GlaxoSmithKline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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10. Associations between respiratory and vascular function in early childhood.
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Hemstock, Emily J., Shao, Jingyi, Zhao, Bing, Hall, Graham L., Wheeler, Amanda J., Dharmage, Shyamali C., Melody, Shannon M., Dalton, Marita F., Foong, Rachel E., Williamson, Grant J., Chappell, Katherine J., Abramson, Michael J., Negishi, Kazuaki, Johnston, Fay H., and Zosky, Graeme R.
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CAROTID intima-media thickness ,PULSE wave analysis ,PARTICULATE matter ,RESPIRATORY organs ,LUNGS ,ATHEROSCLEROTIC plaque - Abstract
Background and objective: The link between respiratory and vascular health is well documented in adult populations. Impaired lung function is consistently associated with thicker arteries and higher incidence of cardiovascular disease. However, there are limited data on this relationship in young children and the studies that exist have focussed on populations at high risk of cardiorespiratory morbidity. We determined if an association exists between respiratory and cardiovascular function in young children and, if so, whether it is confounded by known cardiorespiratory risk factors. Methods: Respiratory and vascular data from a prospective cohort study established to evaluate the health implications 3 years after coal mine fire smoke exposure in children aged 3–5 years were used. Respiratory function was measured using the forced oscillation technique and included resistance at 5 Hz (R5), reactance at 5 Hz (X5) and area under the reactance curve (AX). Vascular health was measured by carotid intima‐media thickness (ultrasound) and pulse wave velocity (arterial tonometry). Regression analyses were used to examine the relationship between the respiratory Z‐scores and cardiovascular measures. Subsequent analyses were adjusted for potential confounding by maternal smoking during pregnancy, maternal education and exposure to fine particulate matter <2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5). Results: Peripheral lung function (X5 and AX), but not respiratory system resistance (R5), was associated with vascular function. Adjustment for maternal smoking, maternal education and early life exposure to PM2.5 had minimal effect on these associations. Conclusion: These observations suggest that peripheral lung stiffness is associated with vascular stiffness and that this relationship is established early in life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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11. Predictors of lung function trajectories in population-based studies: A systematic review.
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Okyere, Daniel O., Bui, Dinh S., Washko, George R., Lodge, Caroline J., Lowe, Adrian J., Cassim, Raisa, Perret, Jennifer L., Abramson, Michael J., Walters, E. Haydn, Waidyatillake, Nilakshi T., and Dharmage, Shyamali C.
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LUNGS ,LOW birth weight ,RESPIRATORY infections ,ASTHMA in children ,TOBACCO smoke - Abstract
Despite the growing body of evidence on lung function trajectories over the life course and their risk factors, the literature has not been systematically synthesized. Publications related to lung function trajectories were identified from PubMed, EMBASE and CINAHL databases. Two authors independently identified publications for inclusion according to predefined selection criteria. Studies that modelled lung function trajectories and reported associated exposures were included. Meta-analyses could not be conducted due to heterogeneity in the exposures and methods used to model lung function trajectories. Nine publications were eligible for inclusion of which four used group-based trajectory modelling to model lung function trajectories, while five used latent profile analysis. Studies with repeated lung function measurements over the life course identified more trajectories than others. Only one study spanning from childhood to middle age reported catch-up trajectory. The following childhood risk factors for subnormal lung function trajectories were observed in at least across two studies: low birth weight, early wheezing, asthma, allergic sensitization, eczema, allergic rhinitis, lower respiratory tract infections, family history of asthma and second-hand smoke exposure. Adult active asthma and personal cigarette smoking were observed to be associated with accelerated decline lung trajectories. Our review identified 10 risk factors associated with the growth, catch-up, reduced plateau and decline trajectories of lung function. Intervention directed at childhood asthma and infections, and tobacco smoke exposure at all ages would help promote lung health and prevent subnormal lung function trajectories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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12. Greenness may improve lung health in low-moderate but not high air pollution areas: Seven Northeastern Cities' study.
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Yang Zhou, Dinh S. Bui, Perret, Jennifer L., Lowe, Adrian J., Lodge, Caroline J., Markevych, Iana, Heinrich, Joachim, Bloom, Michael S., Knibbs, Luke D., Jalaludin, Bin, Bo-Yi Yang, Hong-Yao Yu, Xiao-Wen Zeng, Yunjiang Yu, Dharmage, Shyamali C., Guang-Hui Dong, Zhou, Yang, Bui, Dinh S, Yang, Bo-Yi, and Yu, Hong-Yao
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ASTHMATICS ,AIR pollution ,WALKABILITY ,BIOSPHERE ,LUNGS ,TOBACCO smoke pollution ,THEMATIC mapper satellite ,SULFUR compounds analysis ,PARTICULATE matter ,RESEARCH ,CROSS-sectional method ,RESEARCH methodology ,MEDICAL cooperation ,EVALUATION research ,PLANTS ,COMPARATIVE studies ,SCHOOLS ,PULMONARY function tests ,ENVIRONMENTAL exposure - Abstract
Introduction: There is growing interest in the impact of greenness exposure on airway diseases, but the impact of greenness on lung function in children is limited. We aimed to investigate the associations between greenness surrounding schools and lung function in children and whether these associations are modified by air pollution exposure.Methods: Between 2012 and 2013, a cross-sectional survey and spirometry were performed among 6740 school children. Lung function patterns were determined as obstructive forced expiratory volume 1 s/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC <0.8) or restrictive (FEV1/FVC ≥0.8 but FVC <80% of predicted). School greenness was defined by Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and soil-adjusted vegetation index. Nitrogen dioxide, sulphur dioxide and particular matter concentrations were assessed using a spatiotemporal model and national monitoring data. Two-level generalised linear models were used to investigate associations and interactions.Results: Overall, an IQR in NDVI within 500 m was associated with higher FEV1 (+57 mL 95% CI 44 to 70) and FVC (+58 mL 95% CI 43 to 73). NDVI was similarly associated with 25% reduced odds of spirometric restriction (OR: 0.75, 95% CI 0.65 to 0.86). However, among children exposed to the highest compared with the lowest quartile of particulate matter, increasing NDVI was paradoxically associated with lower -40 mL FVC (95% CI -47 to -33, p interaction <0.05).Discussion: Our findings suggest that, in this study population, greening urban areas may promote lung health in low-moderate pollution areas but not in high air pollution areas. If the findings are replicated in other moderate-to-high pollution settings, this highlights a need to have a flexible green policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
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13. Outdoor pollen‐related changes in lung function and markers of airway inflammation: A systematic review and meta‐analysis.
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Idrose, Nur Sabrina, Walters, E. Haydn, Zhang, Jingwen, Vicendese, Don, Newbigin, Ed J., Douglass, Jo A., Erbas, Bircan, Lowe, Adrian J., Perret, Jennifer L., Lodge, Caroline J., and Dharmage, Shyamali C.
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BASIC proteins ,LUNGS ,ONLINE databases ,INFLAMMATION ,ALLERGIC rhinitis - Abstract
Background: Experimental challenge studies have shown that pollen can have early and delayed effects on the lungs and airways. Here, we qualitatively and quantitatively synthesize the evidence of outdoor pollen exposure on various lung function and airway inflammation markers in community‐based studies. Methods: Four online databases were searched: Medline, Web of Science, CINAHL and Google Scholar. The search strategy included terms relating to both exposure and outcomes. Inclusion criteria were human‐based studies published in English that were representative of the community. Additionally, we only considered cross‐sectional or short‐term longitudinal studies which investigated pollen exposure by levels or season. Study quality assessment was performed using the Newcastle‐Ottawa scale. Meta‐analysis was conducted using random‐effects models. Results: We included 27 of 6551 studies identified from the search. Qualitative synthesis indicated associations between pollen exposure and predominantly type‐2 inflammation in both the upper and lower airways, but little evidence for lung function changes. People with ever asthma and/or seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) were at higher risk of such airway inflammation. Meta‐analysis confirmed a positive relationship between pollen season, eosinophilia and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) in people with ever SAR but the results between studies were highly variable. Heterogeneity was reduced after further subgrouping by age, and the forest plots indicated that eosinophilic airway inflammation to outdoor pollen exposure increased with age. Conclusion: Among people with ever asthma and ever SAR, exposure to increased ambient pollen triggers type‐2 upper and lower airway inflammation rather than a non‐specific or innate inflammation. These findings can lead to the formulation of specific pollen immunotherapy for susceptible individuals. Future research should be directed towards investigating lagged associations and effect modifications using larger and more generalized populations. Systematic review registration: CRD42020146981 (PROSPERO). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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14. Trajectories of asthma and allergies from 7 years to 53 years and associations with lung function and extrapulmonary comorbidity profiles: a prospective cohort study.
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Bui, Dinh S, Lodge, Caroline J, Perret, Jennifer L, Lowe, Adrian, Hamilton, Garun S, Thompson, Bruce, Giles, Graham, Tan, Daniel, Erbas, Bircan, Pirkis, Jane, Cicuttini, Flavia, Cassim, Raisa, Bowatte, Gayan, Thomas, Paul, Garcia-Aymerich, Judith, Hopper, John, Abramson, Michael J, Walters, Eugene H, and Dharmage, Shyamali C
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ECZEMA ,OBSTRUCTIVE lung diseases ,ASTHMA ,ALLERGIC rhinitis ,ALLERGIES ,LUNGS ,COHORT analysis - Abstract
Longitudinal trajectories of asthma and allergies from childhood to adulthood might be differentially associated with lung function and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but associations with extrapulmonary comorbidities have not been well investigated. We aimed to assess these trajectories and examine their associations with lung function outcomes and profiles of comorbidities. In this prospective cohort study, data for asthma and related allergic conditions (ie, eczema, hay fever, and food allergy) were prospectively collected from the Tasmanian Longitudinal Health Study for participants aged 7–53 years originally recruited in Tasmania, Australia. All surviving individuals in the database with contact details were invited in the most recent follow-up (mean age 53 years). There were no exclusion criteria. With use of latent class analysis, we identified longitudinal trajectories of asthma and allergic conditions from 7–53 years, and profiles of self-reported extrapulmonary conditions recorded at 53 years. The associations between asthma and allergy trajectories and morbidity profiles and lung function at 53 years were investigated with regression models. Between Sept 3, 2012, and Nov 8, 2016, of 6128 individuals invited, 3609 (58·9%) individuals were enrolled. We identified five asthma and allergy trajectories: minimal and least asthma and allergies (n= 1767 [49·0%]); late-onset hay fever, no asthma (n=1065 [29·5%]); early-onset remitted asthma and allergies (n=236 [6·5%]); late-onset asthma and allergies (n=317 [8·8%]); and early-onset persistent asthma and allergies (n=224 [6·2%]); and four profiles of extrapulmonary morbidities: minimal or least disease (n=2206 [61·1%]); dominant mental health disorders (n=861 [23·9%]); dominant cardiovascular diseases or risks (n=424 [11·7%]); and multiple disorders (n=117 [3·2%]). The late-onset asthma and allergies trajectory was predominantly associated with the multiple disorders profile (relative risk ratio 3·3 [95% CI 1·9–5·9]), whereas the other asthma and allergy trajectories were associated only with the dominant mental health disorders profile. Both spirometrically defined and clinical COPD were most strongly associated with the early-onset persistent asthma and allergies trajectory (odds ratio [OR] 5·3 [95% CI 3·2–8·6]) and also with the late-onset asthma and allergies trajectory (OR 3·8 [2·4–6·1]). Distinct longitudinal trajectories of asthma and allergic disease from childhood to 53 years are associated with different profiles of extrapulmonary comorbidities and varying risk of COPD. These findings can inform a personalised approach in clinical guidelines and management focusing on treatable traits. Comorbidity profiles are a new target for early identification and intervention. National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia, EU's Horizon 2020, The University of Melbourne, Clifford Craig Medical Research Trust of Tasmania, The Victorian, Queensland & Tasmanian Asthma Foundations, The Royal Hobart Hospital, Helen MacPherson Smith Trust, and GlaxoSmithKline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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15. Is short‐term exposure to grass pollen adversely associated with lung function and airway inflammation in the community?
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Idrose, Nur Sabrina, Tham, Rachel C. A., Lodge, Caroline J., Lowe, Adrian J., Bui, Dinh, Perret, Jennifer L., Vicendese, Don, Newbigin, Edward J., Tang, Mimi L. K., Aldakheel, Fahad M., Waidyatillake, Nilakshi T., Douglass, Jo A., Abramson, Michael J., Walters, Eugene Haydn, Erbas, Bircan, and Dharmage, Shyamali C.
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POLLEN ,RESPIRATORY obstructions ,EXPIRATORY flow ,LUNGS ,ALLERGIC rhinitis ,GRASSES ,ASTHMA ,INFLAMMATION ,AIRWAY (Anatomy) - Abstract
Background: The association between grass pollen exposure and early markers of asthma exacerbations such as lung function changes and increase in airway inflammation is limited. We investigated the associations between short‐term grass pollen exposure and lung function and airway inflammation in a community‐based sample, and whether any such associations were modified by current asthma, current hay fever, pollen sensitization, age, and other environmental factors. Methods: Cross‐sectional and short‐term analyses of data from the Melbourne Atopy Cohort Study (MACS) participants (n = 936). Lung function was assessed using spirometry. Airway inflammation was assessed by fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and exhaled breath condensate pH and nitrogen oxides (NOx). Daily pollen counts were collected using a volumetric spore trap. The associations were examined by linear regression. Results: Higher ambient levels of grass pollen 2 days before (lag 2) were associated with lower mid‐forced expiratory flow (FEF25%‐75%) and FEV1/FVC ratio (Coef. [95% CI] = −119 [−226, −11] mL/s and −1.0 [−3.0, −0.03] %, respectively) and also 3 days before (lag 3). Increased levels of grass pollen a day before (lag 1) were associated with increased FeNO (4.35 [−0.1, 8.7] ppb) and also at lag 2. Adverse associations between pollen and multiple outcomes were greater in adults with current asthma, hay fever, and pollen sensitization. Conclusion: Grass pollen exposure was associated with eosinophilic airway inflammation 1‐2 days after exposure and airway obstruction 2‐3 days after exposure. Adults and individuals with asthma, hay fever, and pollen sensitization may be at higher risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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16. Current evidence on supranormal lung function: A call for longitudinal research to optimize lung health.
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Dharmage, Shyamali C. and Bui, Dinh S.
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LONGITUDINAL method , *LUNGS - Abstract
See relatedarticle [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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17. Physical activity and lung function—Cause or consequence?
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Bédard, Annabelle, Carsin, Anne-Elie, Fuertes, Elaine, Accordini, Simone, Dharmage, Shyamali C., Garcia-Larsen, Vanessa, Heinrich, Joachim, Janson, Christer, Johannessen, Ane, Leynaert, Bénédicte, Sánchez-Ramos, José Luis, Peralta, Gabriela P., Pin, Isabelle, Squillacioti, Giulia, Weyler, Joost, Jarvis, Deborah, and Garcia-Aymerich, Judith
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PHYSICAL activity ,STATISTICAL models ,LUNGS ,STRUCTURAL equation modeling - Abstract
Concerns exist that the positive association of physical activity with better lung function, which has been suggested in previous longitudinal studies in smokers, is due to reverse causation. To investigate this, we applied structural equation modeling (SEM), an exploratory approach, and marginal structural modeling (MSM), an approach from the causal inference framework that corrects for reverse causation and time-dependent confounding and estimates causal effects, on data from participants in the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS, a multicentre European cohort study initiated in 1991–1993 with ECRHS I, and with two follow-ups: ECRHS II in 1999–2003, and ECRHS III in 2010–2014). 753 subjects who reported current smoking at ECRHS II, with repeated data on lung function at ECRHS I, II and III, physical activity at ECRHS II and III, and potential confounders at ECRHS I and II, were included in the analyses. SEM showed positive associations between physical activity and lung function in both directions. MSM suggested a protective causal effect of physical activity on lung function (overall difference in mean β (95% CI), comparing active versus non-active individuals: 58 mL (21–95) for forced expiratory volume in one second and 83 mL (36–130) for forced vital capacity). Our results suggest bi-directional causation and support a true protective effect of physical activity on lung function in smokers, after accounting for reverse causation and time-dependent confounding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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18. Early Age at Natural Menopause Is Related to Lower Post-Bronchodilator Lung Function. A Longitudinal Population-based Study.
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Campbell, Brittany, Bui, Dinh S., Simpson, Julie A., Lodge, Caroline J., Lowe, Adrian J., Bowatte, Gayan, Leynaert, Bénédicte, Real, Francisco Gómez, Thomas, Paul S., Giles, Graham G., Johns, David P., Garcia-Aymerich, Judith, Hopper, John L., Jarvis, Debbie, Abramson, Michael J., Haydn Walters, E., Perret, Jennifer L., Dharmage, Shyamali C., Gómez Real, Francisco, and Walters, E Haydn
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BRONCHODILATOR agents ,PULMONARY function tests ,POSTMENOPAUSE ,ADVERSE health care events ,POPULATION-based case control ,RESEARCH ,LUNGS ,AGE distribution ,MULTIVARIATE analysis ,RESEARCH methodology ,RESPIRATORY measurements ,REGRESSION analysis ,MEDICAL cooperation ,EVALUATION research ,COMPARATIVE studies ,FORCED expiratory volume ,AGING ,MENOPAUSE ,SPIROMETRY ,LONGITUDINAL method - Abstract
Rationale: Poor lung function, a significant predictor of mortality, has been observed in postmenopausal women compared with those still menstruating. Menopausal age is a risk factor for several adverse health outcomes, but little evidence exists on the impact of menopausal age on lung function impairments, especially regarding post-bronchodilator lung function measures.Objectives: To investigate the association between age at menopause and pre- and post-bronchodilator lung function outcomes.Methods: During the sixth-decade follow-up of the Tasmanian Longitudinal Health Study cohort (mean age, 53 yr), information was collected on most recent menstrual period and menopausal status. Lung function was measured at age 7 years and again at 53 years. Multiple linear regression was performed to determine the association between age at menopause and pre- and post-bronchodilator spirometry, controlling for early and adult life confounders.Results: Women reporting an early age at natural menopause (<45 yr) had lower post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 second (-168 ml; 95% confidence interval, -273 to -63) and lower forced vital capacity (-186 ml; 95% confidence interval, -302 to -70) than postmenopausal women who experienced menopause at a later age (≥45 yr). No association was observed with forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity ratio. Adjustment for early-life confounders strengthened these associations.Conclusions: This study provides new evidence that early menopause is associated with reduced lung function that is suggestive of restriction, but not obstruction, even after adjustment for early-life confounders. Given the important link between poor lung function and mortality, clinicians should be aware of the risk of diminished lung function in postmenopausal women who experience menopause at an early age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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19. Body mass index and weight change are associated with adult lung function trajectories: the prospective ECRHS study.
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Peralta, Gabriela P., Marcon, Alessandro, Carsin, Anne-Elie, Abramson, Michael J., Accordini, Simone, Amaral, André F. S., Antó, Josep M., Bowatte, Gayan, Burney, Peter, Corsico, Angelo, Demoly, Pascal, Dharmage, Shyamali, Forsberg, Bertil, Fuertes, Elaine, Garcia-Larsen, Vanessa, Gíslason, Thorarinn, Gullón, José-Antonio, Heinrich, Joachim, Holm, Mathias, and Jarvis, Deborah l.
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BODY mass index ,LONGITUDINAL method ,WEIGHT gain ,LUNGS ,WEIGHT loss ,OBESITY ,LIFESTYLES ,RESEARCH ,BODY weight ,PREDICTIVE tests ,AGE distribution ,RESEARCH methodology ,RESPIRATORY measurements ,EVALUATION research ,MEDICAL cooperation ,SEX distribution ,RISK assessment ,COMPARATIVE studies ,PULMONARY function tests ,FORCED expiratory volume ,RESEARCH funding - Abstract
Background: Previous studies have reported an association between weight increase and excess lung function decline in young adults followed for short periods. We aimed to estimate lung function trajectories during adulthood from 20-year weight change profiles using data from the population-based European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS).Methods: We included 3673 participants recruited at age 20-44 years with repeated measurements of weight and lung function (forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)) in three study waves (1991-93, 1999-2003, 2010-14) until they were 39-67 years of age. We classified subjects into weight change profiles according to baseline body mass index (BMI) categories and weight change over 20 years. We estimated trajectories of lung function over time as a function of weight change profiles using population-averaged generalised estimating equations.Results: In individuals with normal BMI, overweight and obesity at baseline, moderate (0.25-1 kg/year) and high weight gain (>1 kg/year) during follow-up were associated with accelerated FVC and FEV1 declines. Compared with participants with baseline normal BMI and stable weight (±0.25 kg/year), obese individuals with high weight gain during follow-up had -1011 mL (95% CI -1.259 to -763) lower estimated FVC at 65 years despite similar estimated FVC levels at 25 years. Obese individuals at baseline who lost weight (<-0.25 kg/year) exhibited an attenuation of FVC and FEV1 declines. We found no association between weight change profiles and FEV1/FVC decline.Conclusion: Moderate and high weight gain over 20 years was associated with accelerated lung function decline, while weight loss was related to its attenuation. Control of weight gain is important for maintaining good lung function in adult life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
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20. Early life exposure to coal mine fire smoke emissions and altered lung function in young children.
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Shao, Jingyi, Zosky, Graeme R., Hall, Graham L., Wheeler, Amanda J., Dharmage, Shyamali, Melody, Shannon, Dalton, Marita, Foong, Rachel E., O'Sullivan, Tierney, Williamson, Grant J., Chappell, Katherine, Abramson, Michael J., and Johnston, Fay H.
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COAL mining ,ABANDONED children ,PARTICULATE matter ,RESPIRATORY organs ,LUNGS - Abstract
Background and objective: Long‐term respiratory risks following exposure to relatively short periods of poor air quality early in life are unknown. We aimed to evaluate the association between exposure to a 6‐week episode of air pollution from a coal mine fire in children aged <2 years, and their lung function 3 years after the fire. Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study. Individual exposure to 24‐h average and peak concentrations of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5) during the fire were estimated using dispersion and chemical transport modelling. Lung function was measured using the forced oscillation technique (FOT), generating standardized Z‐scores for resistance and reactance at a frequency of 5 Hz (Rrs5 and Xrs5), and area under the reactance curve (AX). We used linear regression models to assess the associations between PM2.5 exposure and lung function, adjusted for potential confounders. Results: Of the 203 infants originally recruited, 84 aged 4.3 ± 0.5 years completed FOT testing. Median (interquartile range, IQR) for average and peak PM2.5 were 7.9 (6.8–16.8) and 103.4 (60.6–150.7) μg/m3, respectively. The mean ± SD Z‐scores for Rrs5, Xrs5 and AX were 0.56 ± 0.80, –0.76 ± 0.88 and 0.72 ± 0.92, respectively. After adjustment for potential confounders including maternal smoking during pregnancy, a 10 μg/m3 increase in average PM2.5 was significantly associated with worsening AX (β‐coefficient: 0.260; 95% CI: 0.019, 0.502), while the association between a 100‐μg/m3 increase in peak PM2.5 and AX was borderline (0.166; 95% CI: −0.002, 0.334). Conclusion: Infant exposure to coal mine fire emissions could be associated with long‐term impairment of lung reactance. We found modest evidence for an association between infant exposure to elevated particulate matter during a 6‐week coal mine fire and reduced respiratory system reactance measured 3 years after the fire. The magnitude of the association was small, but of potential clinical importance in the most severely exposed children. See relatedEditorial [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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21. Early-Life Exposure to Oral Antibiotics and Lung Function Into Early Adulthood.
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Santos, Karoliny dos, Lodge, Caroline J., Abramson, Michael J., Erbas, Bircan, Bennett, Catherine M., Hui, Jennie, Dharmage, Shyamali C., and Lowe, Adrian J.
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ANTIBIOTICS ,SIDE effects of antibiotics ,LUNGS ,FAMILY history (Medicine) ,ADULTS ,RESEARCH ,ASTHMA ,RESEARCH methodology ,RESPIRATORY measurements ,RHINITIS ,GENETIC polymorphisms ,FAMILIES ,REGRESSION analysis ,EVALUATION research ,MEDICAL cooperation ,PENICILLIN ,OXIDATIVE stress ,COMPARATIVE studies ,FORCED expiratory volume ,TRANSFERASES ,ATOPIC dermatitis ,MACROLIDE antibiotics ,LONGITUDINAL method ,FOOD allergy ,SULFONAMIDES ,PHENOTYPES - Abstract
Background: Although there is ongoing debate regarding the impact of early postnatal exposure to antibiotics on the development of asthma, the possibility that antibiotic exposure may impair lung function has not previously been examined. Furthermore, it is unclear if specific types of antibiotics may have a greater effect, or if children with genetic mutations in the oxidative stress response glutathione S-transferase (GST) superfamily may be at greater risk.Methods: Parent-reported data of childhood antibiotic use from birth to 2 years, including type and indication, were collected from a birth cohort of 620 infants with a family history of allergy. Spirometry was performed at age 12 and 18 years, and results are presented as z scores. Participants were genotyped for GST-P, GST-M, and GST-T polymorphisms. Linear regression models were used to investigate the associations while adjusting for confounding factors.Results: Neither increasing days of exposure nor earlier exposure to antibiotics was associated with reduced FEV1 (at 18 years, per doubling of days of exposure = -0.03 z score units; 95% CI, -0.11 to 0.04) or FVC (< 0.01; 95% CI, -0.08 to 0.07). There was no evidence that GST-risk polymorphisms (M1, P1, and T1) increased susceptibility, and specific types of antibiotics also did not increase risk of lung function deficits.Conclusions: Increasing exposure to oral antibiotics in early postnatal life was not associated with reduced lung function in children with a family history of allergic diseases. Although unwarranted use of antibiotics in children should be minimized, concerns regarding long-term lung health should not be a driving influence for this rationalization of use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
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22. Childhood pneumonia, pleurisy and lung function: a cohort study from the first to sixth decade of life.
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Perret, Jennifer L., Lodge, Caroline J., Lowe, Adrian J., Johns, David P., Thompson, Bruce R., Bui, Dinh S., Gurrin, Lyle C., Matheson, Melanie C., McDonald, Christine F., Wood-Baker, Richard, Svanes, Cecilie, Thomas, Paul S., Giles, Graham G., Chang, Anne B., Abramson, Michael J., Walters, E. Haydn, Dharmage, Shyamali C., and TAHS investigators
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PLEURISY ,LUNGS ,PNEUMONIA ,COHORT analysis ,OBSTRUCTIVE lung diseases ,ATOPY ,RESEARCH ,ASTHMA ,RESEARCH methodology ,EVALUATION research ,MEDICAL cooperation ,COMPARATIVE studies ,PULMONARY function tests ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,LONGITUDINAL method - Abstract
Introduction: Adult spirometry following community-acquired childhood pneumonia has variably been reported as showing obstructive or non-obstructive deficits. We analysed associations between doctor-diagnosed childhood pneumonia/pleurisy and more comprehensive lung function in a middle-aged general population cohort born in 1961.Methods: Data were from the prospective population-based Tasmanian Longitudinal Health Study cohort. Analysed lung function was from ages 7 years (prebronchodilator spirometry only, n=7097), 45 years (postbronchodilator spirometry, carbon monoxide transfer factor and static lung volumes, n=1220) and 53 years (postbronchodilator spirometry and transfer factor, n=2485). Parent-recalled histories of doctor-diagnosed childhood pneumonia and/or pleurisy were recorded at age 7. Multivariable linear and logistic regression were used.Results: At age 7, compared with no episodes, childhood pneumonia/pleurisy-ever was associated with reduced FEV1:FVC for only those with current asthma (beta-coefficient or change in z-score=-0.20 SD, 95% CI -0.38 to -0.02, p=0.028, p interaction=0.036). At age 45, for all participants, childhood pneumonia/pleurisy-ever was associated with a restrictive pattern: OR 3.02 (1.5 to 6.0), p=0.002 for spirometric restriction (FVC less than the lower limit of normal plus FEV1:FVC greater than the lower limit of normal); total lung capacity z-score -0.26 SD (95% CI -0.38 to -0.13), p<0.001; functional residual capacity -0.16 SD (-0.34 to -0.08), p=0.001; and residual volume -0.18 SD (-0.31 to -0.05), p=0.008. Reduced lung volumes were accompanied by increased carbon monoxide transfer coefficient at both time points (z-score +0.29 SD (0.11 to 0.49), p=0.001 and +0.17 SD (0.04 to 0.29), p=0.008, respectively).Discussion: For this community-based population, doctor-diagnosed childhood pneumonia and/or pleurisy were associated with obstructed lung function at age 7 for children who had current asthma symptoms, but with evidence of 'smaller lungs' when in middle age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
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23. Does physical activity strengthen lungs and protect against asthma in childhood? A systematic review.
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Cassim, Raisa, Dharmage, Shyamali C., Koplin, Jennifer Julia, Milanzi, Elasma, Paro, Flavia Marini, and Russell, Melissa A.
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ASTHMATICS , *ASTHMA in children , *PHYSICAL activity , *META-analysis , *LUNGS , *ELECTRONIC publications - Abstract
Background: Physical activity may be a potentially modifiable risk factor for asthma and driver of lung function development. This systematic review aimed to summarize the available evidence concerning the longitudinal effect of physical activity on the development of asthma, the persistence of asthma symptoms and lung function outcomes in children and adolescents. Methods: PubMed and Embase electronic databases were searched for all original articles that investigated the longitudinal association between physical activity and asthma outcomes or lung function outcomes in children and adolescents. The search and data extraction were conducted by two independent researchers. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using two critical assessment tools. Results: The literature search retrieved 2298 publications from the electronic databases. All articles were screened, and 2289 were subsequently excluded, resulting in nine longitudinal studies eligible for inclusion in this review. Two studies found no association with incident wheeze, and two of four found no association with various asthma outcomes. Three studies investigated the effect on lung function: one observed an association in boys only, one observed an association in girls only, and one found no associations. Conclusion: The evidence was highly inconsistent for the relationship between physical activity and asthma and lung function outcomes. Hence, we conclude that there is insufficient evidence to suggest that physical activity has a long‐term effect on the risk of asthma development in youth. Furthermore, there is insufficient evidence to determine the longitudinal effects of physical activity on lung function in children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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24. Pollen exposure at birth and adolescent lung function, and modification by residential greenness.
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Lambert, Katrina A., Lodge, Caroline, Lowe, Adrian J., Prendergast, Luke A., Thomas, Paul S., Bennett, Catherine M., Abramson, Michael J., Dharmage, Shyamali C., and Erbas, Bircan
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POLLEN ,FAMILY history (Medicine) ,ALLERGIES ,LUNGS ,REMOTE-sensing images - Abstract
Background: Exposure to high levels of pollen in infancy is a risk factor for allergic respiratory diseases in later childhood, but effects on lung function are not fully understood. We aim to examine associations between grass pollen exposure in the first months of life and lung function at 12 and 18 years, and explore potential modification. Methods: Using the Melbourne Atopy Cohort Study, a birth cohort of children with a family history of allergic diseases, we modeled the association between cumulative grass pollen exposure up to 3 months after birth, on FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC ratio at 12 and 18 years. We also assessed modifying effects of residential greenness levels (derived from satellite imagery), asthma, and early life sensitization to ryegrass. Results: Grass pollen exposure in the first 7 days was associated with a reduction in FEV1 (−15.5 mL; 95% CI: −27.6, −3.3 per doubling of pollen count) and FVC (−20.8 mL; −35.4, −6.1) at 12 years, but not at 18 years. Increase in cumulative grass pollen exposure up to 3 months was negatively associated with FVC at 12 and 18. Exposure to high residential greenness modified the association at 18 years. Conclusion: Early exposure to grass pollen was associated with decreased lung function in children and adolescents. Targeted interventions for pollen avoidance strategies that take into account local topography could be implemented alongside other clinical interventions such as immunotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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25. Occupational exposure to solvents and lung function decline: A population based study.
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Alif, Sheikh M., Dharmage, Shyamali, Benke, Geza, Dennekamp, Martine, Burgess, John, Perret, Jennifer L., Lodge, Caroline, Morrison, Stephen, Johns, David Peter, Giles, Graham, Gurrin, Lyle, Thomas, Paul S., Hopper, John Llewelyn, Wood-Baker, Richard, Thompson, Bruce, Feather, Iain, Vermeulen, Roel, Kromhout, Hans, Jarvis, Debbie, and Aymerich, Judith Garcia
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LUNGS ,SOLVENTS ,INHALATION anesthetics ,PESTICIDE pollution - Abstract
Rationale: While cross-sectional studies have shown associations between certain occupational exposures and lower levels of lung function, there was little evidence from population-based studies with repeated lung function measurements.Objectives: We aimed to investigate the associations between occupational exposures and longitudinal lung function decline in the population-based Tasmanian Longitudinal Health Study.Methods: Lung function decline between ages 45 years and 50 years was assessed using data from 767 participants. Using lifetime work history calendars completed at age 45 years, exposures were assigned according to the ALOHA plus Job Exposure Matrix. Occupational exposures were defined as ever exposed and cumulative exposure -unit- years. We investigated effect modification by sex, smoking and asthma status.Results: Compared with those without exposure, ever exposures to aromatic solvents and metals were associated with a greater decline in FEV1 (aromatic solvents 15.5 mL/year (95% CI -24.8 to 6.3); metals 11.3 mL/year (95% CI -21.9 to - 0.7)) and FVC (aromatic solvents 14.1 mL/year 95% CI -28.8 to - 0.7; metals 17.5 mL/year (95% CI -34.3 to - 0.8)). Cumulative exposure (unit years) to aromatic solvents was also associated with greater decline in FEV1 and FVC. Women had lower cumulative exposure years to aromatic solvents than men (mean (SD) 9.6 (15.5) vs 16.6 (14.6)), but greater lung function decline than men. We also found association between ever exposures to gases/fumes or mineral dust and greater decline in lung function.Conclusions: Exposures to aromatic solvents and metals were associated with greater lung function decline. The effect of aromatic solvents was strongest in women. Preventive strategies should be implemented to reduce these exposures in the workplace. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2019
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26. Interaction of Glutathione S-Transferase M1, T1, and P1 Genes With Early Life Tobacco Smoke Exposure on Lung Function in Adolescents.
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Dai, Xin, Dharmage, Shyamali C, Bowatte, Gayan, Waidyatillake, Nilakshi T, Perret, Jennifer L, Hui, Jennie, Erbas, Bircan, Abramson, Michael J, Lowe, Adrian J, Burgess, John A, Svanes, Cecilie, and Lodge, Caroline J
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ASTHMA , *COMPARATIVE studies , *DISEASE susceptibility , *DNA , *FORECASTING , *GENETIC polymorphisms , *LONGITUDINAL method , *LUNGS , *RESEARCH methodology , *MEDICAL cooperation , *PASSIVE smoking , *RESEARCH , *RESPIRATORY measurements , *TRANSFERASES , *EVALUATION research , *RETROSPECTIVE studies , *GENOTYPES - Abstract
Background: Glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes are involved in the management of oxidative stress in the lungs. We aimed to determine whether they modify the associations between early life smoke exposure and adverse lung health outcomes.Methods: The Melbourne Atopy Cohort study (a high-risk birth cohort) enrolled 620 children and followed them prospectively from birth. We recorded perinatal tobacco smoke exposure, asthma, and lung function at 12 (59%) and 18 years (66%) and genotyped for GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 (69%).Results: GST genotypes were found to interact with tobacco smoke exposure on lung function outcomes (P interaction ≤ .05). Only among children with GSTT1 null genotypes was exposure to mother's, father's, or parental tobacco smoke in early life associated with an increased risk of reductions in prebronchodilator (BD) FEV1 and FVC at both 12 and 18 years. These associations were not seen in children with GSTT1 present. Similarly, only among children with GSTM1 null genotypes was exposure to father's or parental smoking associated with reductions in pre- and post-BD FEV1 and FVC at 18 years. Only among children with Ile/Ile genotypes of GSTP1 was exposure to mother's smoking associated with increased risk of reduced FEV1 at 18 years, but this was not the case among children with Val/Val or Ile/Val genotypes.Conclusions: Our study provides evidence of interaction between early tobacco smoke exposure and GST genotypes on lung function. Carriers of GST null mutations and GSTP1 Ile/Ile alleles may be more susceptible when exposed to tobacco smoke in early life. These findings support stronger recommendations to protect all infants from tobacco smoke exposure.Trial Registry: Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry; No.: ACTRN12609000734268; URL: http://www.anzctr.org.au/. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2019
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27. Childhood Lung Function Predicts Adult Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Asthma-Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Overlap Syndrome.
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Bui, Dinh S., Burgess, John A., Lowe, Adrian J., Perret, Jennifer L., Lodge, Caroline J., Bui, Minh, Morrison, Stephen, Thompson, Bruce R., Thomas, Paul S., Giles, Graham G., Garcia-Aymerich, Judith, Jarvis, Debbie, Abramson, Michael J., Walters, E. Haydn, Matheson, Melanie C., and Dharmage, Shyamali C.
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ASTHMA ,LUNGS ,OBSTRUCTIVE lung diseases ,RESPIRATORY measurements ,PULMONARY function tests ,SPIROMETRY ,SYNDROMES ,PREDICTIVE tests ,VITAL capacity (Respiration) - Abstract
Rationale: The burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is increasing, yet there are limited data on early life risk factors.Objectives: To investigate the role of childhood lung function in adult COPD phenotypes.Methods: Prebronchodilator spirometry was performed for a cohort of 7-year-old Tasmanian children (n = 8,583) in 1968 who were resurveyed at 45 years, and a selected subsample (n = 1,389) underwent prebronchodilator and post-bronchodilator spirometry. For this analysis, COPD was spirometrically defined as a post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC less than the lower limit of normal. Asthma-COPD overlap syndrome (ACOS) was defined as the coexistence of both COPD and current asthma. Associations between childhood lung function and asthma/COPD/ACOS were examined using multinomial regression.Measurements and Main Results: At 45 years, 959 participants had neither current asthma nor COPD (unaffected), 269 had current asthma alone, 59 had COPD alone, and 68 had ACOS. The reweighted prevalence of asthma alone was 13.5%, COPD alone 4.1%, and ACOS 2.9%. The lowest quartile of FEV1 at 7 years was associated with ACOS (odds ratio, 2.93; 95% confidence interval, 1.32-6.52), but not COPD or asthma alone. The lowest quartile of FEV1/FVC ratio at 7 years was associated with ACOS (odds ratio, 16.3; 95% confidence interval, 4.7-55.9) and COPD (odds ratio, 5.76; 95% confidence interval, 1.9-17.4), but not asthma alone.Conclusions: Being in the lowest quartile for lung function at age 7 may have long-term consequences for the development of COPD and ACOS by middle age. Screening of lung function in school age children may identify a high-risk group that could be targeted for intervention. Further research is needed to understand possible modifiers of these associations and develop interventions for children with impaired lung function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2017
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28. Menopause Is Associated with Accelerated Lung Function Decline.
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Triebner, Kai, Matulonga, Bobette, Johannessen, Ane, Suske, Sandra, Benediktsdóttir, Bryndís, Demoly, Pascal, Dharmage, Shyamali C., Franklin, Karl A., Garcia-Aymerich, Judith, Blanco, José Antonio Gullón, Heinrich, Joachim, Holm, Mathias, Jarvis, Debbie, Jõgi, Rain, Lindberg, Eva, Rovira, Jesús Martínez Moratalla, Agirre, Nerea Muniozguren, Pin, Isabelle, Probst-Hensch, Nicole, and Puggini, Luca
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AGE distribution ,AGING ,LONGITUDINAL method ,LUNGS ,MENOPAUSE ,RESEARCH funding ,RESPIRATORY measurements ,PULMONARY function tests ,SPIROMETRY ,VITAL capacity (Respiration) - Abstract
Rationale: Menopause is associated with changes in sex hormones, which affect immunity, inflammation, and osteoporosis and may impair lung function. Lung function decline has not previously been investigated in relation to menopause.Objectives: To study whether lung function decline, assessed by FVC and FEV1, is accelerated in women who undergo menopause.Methods: The population-based longitudinal European Community Respiratory Health Survey provided serum samples, spirometry, and questionnaire data about respiratory and reproductive health from three study waves (n = 1,438). We measured follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone and added information on menstrual patterns to determine menopausal status using latent class analysis. Associations with lung function decline were investigated using linear mixed effects models, adjusting for age, height, weight, pack-years, current smoking, age at completed full-time education, spirometer, and including study center as random effect.Measurements and Main Results: Menopausal status was associated with accelerated lung function decline. The adjusted mean FVC decline was increased by -10.2 ml/yr (95% confidence interval [CI], -13.1 to -7.2) in transitional women and -12.5 ml/yr (95% CI, -16.2 to -8.9) in post-menopausal women, compared with women menstruating regularly. The adjusted mean FEV1 decline increased by -3.8 ml/yr (95% CI, -6.3 to -2.9) in transitional women and -5.2 ml/yr (95% CI, -8.3 to -2.0) in post-menopausal women.Conclusions: Lung function declined more rapidly among transitional and post-menopausal women, in particular for FVC, beyond the expected age change. Clinicians should be aware that respiratory health often deteriorates during reproductive aging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2017
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29. Lung function deficits of adults born very preterm and with very low birthweight.
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Dharmage, Shyamali C, Bui, Dinh S, Perret, Jennifer L, and Lodge, Caroline J
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MECONIUM aspiration syndrome ,NEONATAL mortality ,LUNGS - Published
- 2019
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30. 1031Predictors of Lung function change over the life course: a systematic review.
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Okyere, Daniel, Waidyatillake, Nilakshi, Bui, Dinhi, Lowe, Adrian, Perret, Jenny, Lodge, Caroline, and Dharmage, Shyamali
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LUNGS ,LOW birth weight ,WHEEZE ,TOBACCO smoke pollution ,RESPIRATORY infections ,ASTHMA in children ,CLUSTER analysis (Statistics) - Abstract
Background Throughout life, lung function increases, peaks, plateaus and declines. These phases can be influenced by several exposures. Despite the growing body of evidence, the association between these factors and lung function change over the lif course has not been systematically reviewed. Methods Using a pre-defined protocol, two authors independently identified publications related to lung function trajectories and extracted relevant information. We included studies that identified/developed/modelled/reported lung function trajectories based on at least three-time points. Due to heterogeneity in the exposures and methods used to model lung function trajectories, it was not possible to conduct a meta-analysis. Results A total of 12 population-based cohort studies met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 10 were birth cohorts. 4 studies used cluster analysis techniques to develop trajectories while the others used generalized linear interactive modelling. Eight factors were identified, by 2 or more studies, as predictors for reduced lung growth, decline and/or persistently low trajectories. They were low birth weight and parental asthma (n = 2); childhood asthma and allergic sensitization (n = 4); childhood lower respiratory tract infections and childhood persistent wheezing, and environmental tobacco smoke (n = 3); and childhood eczema (n = 2). Conclusions Our review identified risk factors for lung function change that have been consistent at least across two studies. Key messages These findings suggest preventive measures directed at childhood asthma and infections, and tobacco exposure will help promote lung health and prevent unhealthy lung function trajectories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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31. 550Short-term exposure to grass pollen is associated with lower lung function and increased airway inflammation.
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Idrose, N. Sabrina, Tham, Rachel, Lodge, Caroline, Lowe, Adrian, Bui, Dinh, Perret, Jennifer, Vicendese, Don, Newbigin, Ed, Tang, Mimi, Aldakheel, Fahad, Douglass, Jo, Abramson, Michael, Walters, Haydn, Erbas, Bircan, and Dharmage, Shyamali
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LUNGS ,POLLEN ,LEMONGRASS ,RESPIRATORY obstructions ,EXPIRATORY flow ,ALLERGIC rhinitis - Abstract
Background The association between grass pollen exposure and lung function changes and airway inflammation is limited. We investigated these associations in a community-based sample, and whether any such associations were modified by current asthma, current hay fever, pollen sensitization and age. Methods Cross-sectional analyses of data from the Melbourne Atopy Cohort Study (MACS) participants (n = 936). Lung function was assessed using spirometry. Airway inflammation was assessed by fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), and exhaled breath condensate pH and nitrogen oxides (NOx). Daily pollen counts were collected using a volumetric spore trap. The associations were examined by linear regression. Results Higher ambient levels of grass pollen 2 days before (lag 2) were associated with lower mid-forced expiratory flow (FEF
25-75% ) and FEV1 /FVC ratio (Coef. [95% CI] = -119 [-226, -11] mL/s and -1.0 [-3.0, -0.03] %, respectively) and also 3 days before (lag 3). Increased levels of grass pollen a day before (lag 1) was associated with increased FeNO (4.35 [-0.1, 8.7] ppb) and also at lag 2. Adverse associations between pollen and multiple outcomes were greater in adults with current asthma, hay fever and pollen sensitization. Conclusions Grass pollen exposure was associated with eosinophilic airway inflammation 1-2 days after exposure and airway obstruction 2-3 days after exposure. Key messages There is a more delayed effect on lung function compared to airway inflammation. Adults with current asthma, hay fever and grass pollen sensitisation are especially vulnerable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
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32. Early Childhood Pneumonia Is Associated with Reduced Lung Function and Asthma in First Nations Australian Children and Young Adults.
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Collaro, Andrew J., Chang, Anne B., Marchant, Julie M., Chatfield, Mark D., Vicendese, Don, Blake, Tamara L., McElrea, Margaret S., and Dharmage, Shyamali C.
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INDIGENOUS Australians ,YOUNG adults ,AUSTRALIANS ,PNEUMONIA ,LUNGS - Abstract
Background: Some but not all previous studies report that pneumonia in children aged less than five years is associated with lower lung function and elevated risk of respiratory disease. To date, none have explored these associations in at-risk populations such as First Nations Australians, whose incidence of early childhood pneumonia is among the highest reported in the world. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 1276 First Nations Australian children/young adults aged 5–25 years recruited from regional/remote Queensland and Northern Territory communities and schools. Associations between pneumonia and both spirometry values and asthma were investigated using linear and logistic regression. Results: Early childhood pneumonia was associated with lower FEV1 and FVC Z-scores, but not FEV1/FVC% Z-scores, when occurring before age three (FEV1 β = −0.42, [95%CI −0.79, −0.04]; FVC β = −0.62, [95%CI −1.14, −0.09]), and between three and five years (β = −0.50, [95%CI −0.88, −0.12]; β = −0.63, [95%CI −1.17, −0.10]), compared to those who never had pneumonia. Similarly, pneumonia occurring when aged before age three years (OR = 3.68, 95%CI 1.96–6.93) and three to five years (OR = 4.81, 95%CI 1.46–15.8) was associated with increased risk of asthma in later childhood. Conclusions: Early childhood pneumonia is associated with lung function deficits and increased asthma risk in later childhood/early adulthood in First Nations Australians. The disproportionate impact of pneumonia on at-risk children must be addressed as a priority. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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33. 552The lung function and airway inflammation markers associated with short-term pollen exposure- A systematic review.
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Idrose, N. Sabrina, Lodge, Caroline, Koplin, Jennifer, Vicendese, Don, Douglass, Jo, and Dharmage, Shyamali
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LUNGS ,POLLEN ,INFLAMMATION ,ONLINE databases ,ALLERGIC rhinitis ,SEASONS - Abstract
Background Experimental challenge studies have shown that pollen can affect the lungs and airways. Here, we systematically reviewed community-based studies investigating outdoor pollen exposure, lung function and/or airway inflammation. Methods Four online databases were searched. The search strategy included terms relating to both exposure and outcomes. Inclusion criteria were studies published in English that were representative of the community. We only considered cross-sectional or short-term longitudinal studies which investigated pollen exposure by levels or season. Study quality assessment was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Meta-analysis was conducted using random-effects models. Results We included 27 of 6,551 studies identified from the search. Qualitative synthesis indicated associations between pollen exposure and predominantly type-2 inflammation in both the upper and lower airways, but little evidence for lung function changes. People with ever asthma and/or seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) were at higher risk of such airway inflammation. Meta-analysis confirmed a positive relationship between pollen season and eosinophilic airway inflammation in people with ever SAR but the results between studies were highly variable. Heterogeneity was reduced after further subgrouping by age and the forest plots indicated that eosinophilic airway inflammation to outdoor pollen exposure increased with age. Conclusion Among people with ever asthma and ever SAR, exposure to increased ambient pollen triggers type-2 airway inflammation rather than a non-specific or innate inflammation. Key messages This review indicates pollen exposure influences predominantly type-2 airway inflammation, but little evidence on lung function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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34. Childhood lung function as a determinant of menopause-dependent lung function decline.
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Triebner, Kai, Bui, Dinh, Walters, Eugene Haydn, Abramson, Michael J, Bowatte, Gayan, Campbell, Brittany, Dadvand, Payam, Erbas, Bircan, Johns, David P, Leynaert, Bénédicte, Lodge, Caroline J, Lowe, Adrian J, Perret, Jennifer L, Hustad, Steinar, Gómez Real, Francisco, and Dharmage, Shyamali C
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LUNGS , *VITAL capacity (Respiration) , *EXPIRATORY flow , *HOLISTIC medicine , *RESPIRATORY measurements , *AGING , *FORCED expiratory volume , *PULMONARY function tests , *MENOPAUSE , *SPIROMETRY , *REPRODUCTIVE history - Abstract
Rationale: The naturally occurring age-dependent decline in lung function accelerates after menopause, likely due to the change of the endocrine balance. Although increasing evidence shows suboptimal lung health in early life can increase adult susceptibility to insults, the potential effect of poor childhood lung function on menopause-dependent lung function decline has not yet been investigated.Objectives: To study whether menopause-dependent lung function decline, assessed as forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), is determined by childhood lung function.Methods: The Tasmanian Longitudinal Health Study, a cohort born in 1961, underwent spirometry at age seven. At ages 45 and 50 serum samples, spirometry and questionnaire data were collected (N = 506). We measured follicle stimulating and luteinizing hormones to determine menopausal status using latent profile analysis. The menopause-dependent lung function decline was investigated using linear mixed models, adjusted for anthropometrics, occupational level, smoking, asthma, asthma medication and study year, for the whole study population and stratified by tertiles of childhood lung function.Measurements and Main Results: The overall menopause-dependent lung function decline was 19.3 mL/y (95%CI 2.2 to 36.3) for FVC and 9.1 mL/y (-2.8 to 21.0) for FEV1. This was most pronounced (pinteraction=0.03) among women within the lowest tertile of childhood lung function [FVC 22.2 mL/y (1.1 to 43.4); FEV1 13.9 mL/y (-1.5 to 29.4)].Conclusions: Lung function declines especially rapidly in postmenopausal women who had poor low lung function in childhood. This provides novel insights into respiratory health during reproductive aging and emphasizes the need for holistic public health strategies covering the whole lifespan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
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35. Residential greenspace and lung function decline over 20 years in a prospective cohort: The ECRHS study.
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Markevych, Iana, Zhao, Tianyu, Fuertes, Elaine, Marcon, Alessandro, Dadvand, Payam, Vienneau, Danielle, Garcia Aymerich, Judith, Nowak, Dennis, de Hoogh, Kees, Jarvis, Deborah, Abramson, Michael J., Accordini, Simone, Amaral, Andre FS, Bentouhami, Hayat, Jacobsen Bertelsen, Randi, Boudier, Anne, Bono, Roberto, Bowatte, Gayan, Casas, Lidia, and Dharmage, Shyamali C
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LUNGS , *NORMALIZED difference vegetation index , *FORCED expiratory volume , *DERIVATIVES (Mathematics) , *MIDDLE-aged persons , *RANDOM effects model - Abstract
[Display omitted] • More residential greenspace was not associated with better lung function. • Increased NDVI was associated with a slightly faster decline in FVC. • Residing near green spaces might be associated with a faster decline in FEV 1 and FVC. The few studies that have examined associations between greenspace and lung function in adulthood have yielded conflicting results and none have examined whether the rate of lung function decline is affected. We explored the association between residential greenspace and change in lung function over 20 years in 5559 adults from 22 centers in 11 countries participating in the population-based, international European Community Respiratory Health Survey. Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV 1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) were measured by spirometry when participants were approximately 35 (1990 – 1994), 44 (1999 – 2003), and 55 (2010 – 2014) years old. Greenness was assessed as the mean Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) in 500 m, 300 m, and 100 m circular buffers around the residential addresses at the time of lung function measurement. Green spaces were defined as the presence of agricultural, natural, or urban green spaces in a circular 300 m buffer. Associations of these greenspace parameters with the rate of lung function change were assessed using adjusted linear mixed effects regression models with random intercepts for subjects nested within centers. Sensitivity analyses considered air pollution exposures. A 0.2-increase (average interquartile range) in NDVI in the 500 m buffer was consistently associated with a faster decline in FVC (−1.25 mL/year [95% confidence interval: −2.18 to −0.33]). These associations were especially pronounced in females and those living in areas with low PM 10 levels. We found no consistent associations with FEV 1 and the FEV 1 /FVC ratio. Residing near forests or urban green spaces was associated with a faster decline in FEV 1 , while agricultural land and forests were related to a greater decline in FVC. More residential greenspace was not associated with better lung function in middle-aged European adults. Instead, we observed slight but consistent declines in lung function parameters. The potentially detrimental association requires verification in future studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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36. The role of influenza vaccination in mitigating the adverse impact of ambient air pollution on lung function in children: New insights from the Seven Northeastern Cities Study in China.
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Liu, Kangkang, Yang, Bo-Yi, Guo, Yuming, Bloom, Michael S., Dharmage, Shyamali C., Knibbs, Luke D., Heinrich, Joachim, Leskinen, Ari, Lin, Shao, Morawska, Lidia, Jalaludin, Bin, Markevych, Iana, Jalava, Pasi, Komppula, Mika, Yu, Yunjiang, Gao, Meng, Zhou, Yang, Yu, Hong-Yao, Hu, Li-Wen, and Zeng, Xiao-Wen
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INFLUENZA vaccines , *AIR pollution , *AIR pollutants , *EXPIRATORY flow , *LUNGS , *PARTICULATE matter , *INFLUENZA - Abstract
Ambient air pollution exposure and influenza virus infection have been documented to be independently associated with reduced lung function previously. Influenza vaccination plays an important role in protecting against influenza-induced severe diseases. However, no study to date has focused on whether influenza vaccination may modify the associations between ambient air pollution exposure and lung function. We undertook a cross-sectional study of 6740 children aged 7–14 years into Seven Northeast Cities (SNEC) Study in China during 2012–2013. We collected information from parents/guardians about sociodemographic factors and influenza vaccination status in the past three years. Lung function was measured using portable electronic spirometers. Machine learning methods were used to predict 4-year average ambient air pollutant exposures to nitrogen dioxide (NO 2) and particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <1 μm (PM 1), <2.5 μm (PM 2.5) and <10 μm (PM 10). Two-level linear and logistic regression models were used to assess interactions between influenza vaccination and long-term ambient air pollutants exposure on lung function reduction, controlling for potential confounding factors. Ambient air pollution were observed significantly associated with reductions in lung function among children. We found significant interactions between influenza vaccination and air pollutants on lung function, suggesting greater vulnerability to air pollution among unvaccinated children. For example, an interaction (p interaction = 0.002) indicated a −283.44 mL (95% CI: −327.04, −239.83) reduction in forced vital capacity (FVC) per interquartile range (IQR) increase in PM 1 concentrations among unvaccinated children, compared with the −108.24 mL (95%CI: −174.88, −41.60) reduction in FVC observed among vaccinated children. Results from logistic regression models also showed stronger associations between per IQR increase in PM 1 and lung function reduction measured by FVC and peak expiratory flow (PEF) among unvaccinated children than the according ORs among vaccinated children [i.e., Odds Ratio (OR) for PM 1 and impaired FVC: 2.33 (95%CI: 1.79, 3.03) vs 1.65 (95%CI: 1.20, 2.28); OR for PM 2.5 and impaired PEF: 1.45 (95%CI: 1.12,1.87) vs 1.04 (95%CI: 0.76,1.43)]. The heterogeneity of the modification by influenza vaccination of the associations between air pollution exposure and lung function reduction appeared to be more substantial in girls than in boys. Our results suggest that influenza vaccination may moderate the detrimental effects of ambient air pollution on lung function among children. This study provides new insights into the possible co-benefits of strengthening and promoting global influenza vaccination programs among children. Image 1 • No study on interactions between flu vaccine and air pollution on lung function. • Flu vaccine may mitigate the detrimental effects of air pollution on lung function. • The interactions appeared to be more substantial in girls than in boys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
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37. The time window of pet ownership exposure modifies the relationship of Environmental Tobacco Smoke with lung function: A large population-based cohort study.
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Hu, Li-Wen, Yu, Shu, Marks, Tia, Zhang, Yun-Ting, Lodge, Caroline C., Dharmage, Shyamali C., Gurram, Namratha, Bloom, Michael S., Lin, Shao, Zeeshan, Mohammed, Yu, Hong-Yao, Zhou, Yang, Liu, Ru-Qing, Yang, Bo-Yi, Zeng, Xiao-Wen, Hu, Qiang, and Dong, Guang-Hui
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TOBACCO smoke pollution , *CHINESE people , *LUNGS , *PASSIVE smoking , *COHORT analysis - Abstract
There is a large body of evidence linking Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) exposure with impaired lung function. However, it is not known whether exposure to pets modifies this relationship. To investigate if pet ownership changes the association between ETS exposure and lung function, a population-based sample of 7326 children, 7–14 years old, were randomly recruited from 24 districts in northeast China. Lung function including forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV 1), peak expiratory flow (PEF), and maximal mid-expiratory flow (MMEF) was measured by spirometry, while pet ownership time periods and ETS exposure were collected by questionnaire. Two-level regression analysis was done, with covariates controlled for. The results showed pet exposure in certain early lifetime windows modified the associations of ETS exposure on decreased lung function in children. Among children exposed to current ETS, those exposed to pets in utero had greater reductions in lung function (for instance: OR for reduced FVC (<85% predicted) = 10.86; 95% CI: 3.80–30.97) than those not exposed to pets in utero (OR = 2.32; 95% CI: 1.76–3.05) (p interaction = 0.005). While, children exposed to current pet ownership reduced the lung function impairment induced by ETS exposure during the first 2 years of life and/or ETS exposure during pregnancy, especially for FVC impairment. For instance, OR (95%CI) for reduced FVC (<85% predicted) was 0.81 (0.56, 1.18) and 1.42 (1.15, 1.74), respectively, for children with or without current pet ownership exposed to ETS during the first 2 years of life (p interaction = 0.010). Furthermore, pet type or number of pets did not significantly modify associations between ETS exposure and lung function. In conclusion, the timing of pet ownership modified associations between ETS exposure and lung function, pet ownership in utero and during the first 2 years of life significantly worsened the adverse impacts of passive smoking on lung function. • Studies of joint effects of pet ownership and ETS on children's lung function are rare. • We explored this topic in 6740 Chinese children from 49 schools in 7 cites. • Pet exposure in certain early lifetime windows modified the associations of ETS exposure on decreased lung function. • Pet ownership in utero and during the first 2 years of life worsened the adverse impacts of ETS exposure on lung function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
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