37 results on '"Seto H"'
Search Results
2. Intracranial dural arteriovenous fistula with retrograde cortical venous drainage: use of susceptibility-weighted imaging in combination with dynamic susceptibility contrast imaging.
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Noguchi K, Kuwayama N, Kubo M, Kamisaki Y, Kameda K, Tomizawa G, Kawabe H, and Seto H
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- Aged, Blood Volume, Cerebral Angiography, Cerebral Cortex blood supply, Cerebral Hemorrhage pathology, Contrast Media, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Angiography, Male, Middle Aged, Sensitivity and Specificity, Superior Sagittal Sinus pathology, Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations pathology, Cerebral Veins pathology, Magnetic Resonance Imaging instrumentation, Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods
- Abstract
Background and Purpose: SWI is a new MR imaging method that maximizes sensitivity to magnetic susceptibility effects with phase information for visualizing small cerebral veins. The purpose of this study was to report the use of SWI in combination with DSC in examining related RCVD in patients with intracranial DAVFs., Materials and Methods: Ten patients with angiographically confirmed DAVFs with RCVD underwent conventional MR imaging, SWI, and DSC. The ability of SWI to depict dilated cerebral veins was evaluated and then compared with DSC. The hemispheres of patients with DAVFs were grouped into affected (with RCVD) or nonaffected (without RCVD) categories by angiography. Four patients had bilaterally affected hemispheres. A total of 14 affected hemispheres in patients with DAVFs with RCVD were evaluated., Results: SWI showed dilated cerebral veins on the surface of the brain in all (100%) of the 14 affected hemispheres in patients with DAVFs with RCVD and deep in the brain in 9 (64%). T2-weighted imaging showed prominent flow-voids on the surface of the brain in 10 (71%) of the 14 affected hemispheres in patients with DAVFs with RCVD and deep in the brain in 5 (36%). DSC showed increased cerebral blood volume in all of the 14 affected hemispheres. The SWI findings regarding dilated veins on the surface of the brain corresponded well with the areas of increased cerebral blood volume., Conclusions: SWI in combination with DSC could be used to characterize the presence of RCVD in patients with DAVFs.
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- 2010
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3. A follow-up MRI study of the superior temporal subregions in schizotypal disorder and first-episode schizophrenia.
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Takahashi T, Suzuki M, Zhou SY, Tanino R, Nakamura K, Kawasaki Y, Seto H, and Kurachi M
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- Adolescent, Adult, Antipsychotic Agents adverse effects, Antipsychotic Agents therapeutic use, Atrophy, Dominance, Cerebral physiology, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Organ Size drug effects, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Schizophrenia drug therapy, Schizotypal Personality Disorder psychology, Young Adult, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Schizophrenia diagnosis, Schizophrenia pathology, Schizophrenic Psychology, Schizotypal Personality Disorder diagnosis, Schizotypal Personality Disorder pathology
- Abstract
While longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have demonstrated progressive gray matter reduction of the superior temporal gyrus (STG) during the early phases of schizophrenia, it remains unknown whether patients with schizotypal features exhibit similar STG changes. In this study, longitudinal MRI data were obtained from 18 patients with first-episode schizophrenia, 13 patients with schizotypal disorder, and 20 healthy controls. The volumes of the STG and its subregions [planum polare (PP), Heschl gyrus (HG), planum temporale (PT), rostral STG, and caudal STG] were measured on baseline and follow-up (mean: 2.7 years) scans and were compared across groups. At the baseline, both the schizophrenia and schizotypal patients had smaller left PT and left caudal STG than the controls. In a longitudinal comparison, the schizophrenia patients showed significant gray matter reduction of the STG over time (left: -2.8%/year; right: -1.5%/year) compared with the schizotypal patients (left: -0.6%/year; right: -0.3%/year) and controls (left: 0.0%/year; right: -0.1%/year) without a prominent effect of subregion or type of antipsychotic (typical/atypical). In the schizophrenia patients, greater annual volume reductions of the left PP and right PT were correlated with less improvement of positive psychotic symptoms. A higher cumulative dose of antipsychotics during follow-up in schizophrenia was significantly correlated with less severe gray matter reductions in the left PT and bilateral caudal STG. Our findings suggest that the left posterior STG subregions are commonly reduced in diseases of the schizophrenia spectrum; whereas, schizophrenia patients exhibit further progressive STG changes associated with overt psychosis in the early years of the illness., (Copyright (c) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
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- 2010
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4. Anomalous cerebral asymmetry in patients with schizophrenia demonstrated by voxel-based morphometry.
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Kawasaki Y, Suzuki M, Takahashi T, Nohara S, McGuire PK, Seto H, and Kurachi M
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- Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Reference Values, Schizophrenic Language, Cerebral Cortex pathology, Dominance, Cerebral physiology, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Schizophrenia diagnosis
- Abstract
Background: Evaluating cerebral asymmetry in schizophrenia patients potentially leads to understanding the extent to which the disorder involves a neurodevelopmental failure. We sought to clarify in which brain regions of the patient the normal cerebral asymmetry is disrupted and the extent of disruption., Methods: Voxel-based morphometry to evaluate gray matter asymmetry was carried out with magnetic resonance images from a total of 120 right-handed subjects. They comprised four groups of 30 subjects (i.e., male schizophrenia, female schizophrenia, male control, and female control). To examine gray matter asymmetry we generated images of the lateralization index., Results: The analysis within each of four groups revealed a consistent pattern of gray matter asymmetry over all groups. However group comparison between all patients and all healthy subjects showed significant difference in the cerebral lateralization in the pars triangularis and planum temporale. Frequency distributions of the lateralization index showed a skew toward rightward asymmetry in the pars trianglaris and a reduction in leftward asymmetry in the planum temporale in patients relative to control subjects., Conclusions: A disturbance of cerebral asymmetry in schizophrenia was suggested to be present in language-related regions, which might reflect a perturbation in the lateralization process underlying left cerebral dominance for language.
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- 2008
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5. Association between absence of the adhesio interthalamica and amygdala volume in schizophrenia.
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Takahashi T, Suzuki M, Nakamura K, Tanino R, Zhou SY, Hagino H, Niu L, Kawasaki Y, Seto H, and Kurachi M
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- Adult, Amygdala pathology, Dominance, Cerebral physiology, Female, Gyrus Cinguli pathology, Hippocampus pathology, Humans, Male, Neural Pathways pathology, Neuroglia pathology, Parahippocampal Gyrus pathology, Prefrontal Cortex pathology, Temporal Lobe pathology, Thalamus pathology, Third Ventricle pathology, Amygdala abnormalities, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Nervous System Malformations pathology, Schizophrenia pathology, Thalamus abnormalities
- Abstract
Abnormal neurodevelopment in midline structures such as the adhesio interthalamica (AI) has been reported in schizophrenia, but not consistently replicated. We investigated the prevalence and anterior-posterior length of the AI in 62 schizophrenia patients (32 males, 30 females) and 63 healthy controls (35 males, 28 females) using magnetic resonance imaging. We also explored the relation between the AI and volumetric measurements for the third ventricle, medial temporal structures (amygdala, hippocampus, and parahippocampal gyrus), superior temporal sub-regions, and frontal lobe regions (prefrontal area and anterior cingulate gyrus). The AI was absent in 24.2% (15/62) of the schizophrenia patients and in 9.5% (6/63) of the controls, showing a significant group difference. For the length of the AI, schizophrenia patients had a shorter AI than controls, and males had a shorter AI than females. The subjects without an AI had a significantly larger third ventricle and smaller parahippocampal gyrus than the subjects with an AI for both groups. We found a significant diagnosis-by-AI interaction for the amygdala. The schizophrenia patients without an AI had a smaller bilateral amygdala than those with an AI, whereas the AI was not associated with the volume of the amygdala in the control subjects. These findings suggest that the absence of AI in schizophrenia could be a marker of developmental abnormalities in the neural network including the thalamus and connected amygdaloid regions, which may play an important role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.
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- 2008
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6. Parietal lobe volume deficits in schizophrenia spectrum disorders.
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Zhou SY, Suzuki M, Takahashi T, Hagino H, Kawasaki Y, Matsui M, Seto H, and Kurachi M
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- Adult, Atrophy, Brain pathology, Brain Mapping, Dominance, Cerebral physiology, Female, Frontal Lobe pathology, Humans, Male, Nerve Net pathology, Reference Values, Somatosensory Cortex pathology, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Parietal Lobe pathology, Schizophrenia diagnosis, Schizotypal Personality Disorder diagnosis
- Abstract
There has been little attention given to whether parietal lobe structural deficits are present in patients with schizophrenia and related personality disorders. The current study was designed to examine parietal volume alterations between schizophrenia and schizotypal personality disorder. Twenty-five patients with schizotypal disorder, 53 patients with schizophrenia, and 59 healthy volunteers were scanned using high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Volume measurements of the postcentral gyrus (PoCG), precuneus, superior parietal gyrus (SuPG), supramarginal gyrus (SMG), and angular gyrus (AGG) were performed on consecutive 1-mm coronal slices. Gray matter volumes were reduced in all parietal subregions in patients with schizophrenia compared with healthy controls. White matter volumes were also reduced in the SuPG and PoCG. In contrast, the schizotypal subjects had gray matter reductions only in the PoCG, while other regions were not affected. In addition, there was a lack of normal significant-leftward asymmetry in the SMG in schizophrenia. These findings demonstrate that volume reductions in the somatosensory cortices are common morphological characteristics in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. The additional volume alterations in schizophrenia may support the notion that a deficit in the posterior parietal region is critical for the manifestation of overt psychotic symptoms.
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- 2007
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7. Acute dural venous sinus thrombosis without brain parenchymal abnormality: assessment with cerebral blood volume using dynamic susceptibility contrast magnetic resonance imaging.
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Noguchi K, Hamada H, Kubo M, Shimizu M, and Seto H
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- Acute Disease, Adult, Blood Volume, Humans, Male, Cerebrovascular Circulation physiology, Dura Mater blood supply, Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods, Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial diagnosis, Venous Thrombosis diagnosis
- Abstract
We report results applying the dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) magnetic resonance (MR) technique to a patient with dural venous sinus thrombosis (DVST) of the right transverse-sigmoid sinus without brain parenchymal abnormality. The DSC-MR technique clearly demonstrated increased regional cerebral blood volume of the right temporo-parieto-occipital region adjacent to a right transverse-sigmoid sinus thrombosis in a patient with DVST without cerebral edema or hemorrhage.
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- 2006
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8. Temporal lobe gray matter in schizophrenia spectrum: a volumetric MRI study of the fusiform gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus, and middle and inferior temporal gyri.
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Takahashi T, Suzuki M, Zhou SY, Tanino R, Hagino H, Niu L, Kawasaki Y, Seto H, and Kurachi M
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- Adult, Female, Functional Laterality, Humans, Male, Occipital Lobe pathology, Parahippocampal Gyrus pathology, Temporal Lobe pathology, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Occipital Lobe anatomy & histology, Parahippocampal Gyrus anatomy & histology, Schizophrenia pathology, Temporal Lobe anatomy & histology
- Abstract
Although several brain morphologic studies have suggested abnormalities in the temporal regions to be a common indicator of vulnerability for the schizophrenia spectrum, less attention has been paid to temporal lobe structures other than the superior temporal gyrus or the medial temporal region. In this study, we investigated the volume of gray matter in the fusiform gyrus, the parahippocampal gyrus, the middle temporal gyrus, and the inferior temporal gyrus using magnetic resonance imaging in 39 schizotypal disorder patients, 65 schizophrenia patients, and 72 age and gender matched healthy control subjects. The anterior fusiform gyrus was significantly smaller in the schizophrenia patients than the control subjects but not in the schizotypal disorder patients, while the volume reduction of the posterior fusiform gyrus was common to both disorders. Volumes for the middle and inferior temporal gyri or the parahippocampal gyrus did not differ between groups. These findings suggest that abnormalities in the posterior region of the fusiform gyrus are, as have been suggested for the superior temporal gyrus or the amygdala/hippocampus, prominent among the temporal lobe structures as a common morphologic substrate for the schizophrenia spectrum, whereas more widespread alterations involving the anterior region might be associated with the development of full-blown schizophrenia.
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- 2006
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9. Prefrontal abnormalities in patients with simple schizophrenia: structural and functional brain-imaging studies in five cases.
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Suzuki M, Nohara S, Hagino H, Takahashi T, Kawasaki Y, Yamashita I, Watanabe N, Seto H, and Kurachi M
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- Adult, Cerebrovascular Circulation physiology, Cognition Disorders diagnosis, Cognition Disorders etiology, Female, Humans, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Schizophrenia complications, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Prefrontal Cortex abnormalities, Prefrontal Cortex blood supply, Prefrontal Cortex diagnostic imaging, Schizophrenia diagnosis, Schizophrenia physiopathology, Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon, Tomography, X-Ray Computed
- Abstract
Simple schizophrenia is an uncommon disorder with unknown pathophysiology, and its position in the current diagnostic system is ambiguous. Brain-imaging studies may help to elucidate its pathophysiology. Five patients fulfilling both ICD-10 criteria for simple schizophrenia and DSM-IV criteria for simple deteriorative disorder underwent computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and single photon emission computed tomography. These scans were assessed individually by visual inspection as well as automatically by comparison with scans in normal controls or other schizophrenia subtype patients using voxel-based image analyses. Three of the five simple schizophrenia patients had findings of atrophy and reduced cerebral perfusion in the frontal areas. Voxel-based analyses also showed prefrontal grey matter deficits and hypoperfusion in simple schizophrenia patients compared with the controls. Although this study is limited by the small number of patients with simple schizophrenia, the results suggest that simple schizophrenia, or at least this subpopulation, may have rather homogeneous morphological and functional deficits in the prefrontal cortex. It is also suggested that simple schizophrenia may occupy an extreme position of the schizophrenic continuum where the prefrontal deficits and negative symptoms are most purely manifested.
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- 2005
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10. Volumetric MRI study of the short and long insular cortices in schizophrenia spectrum disorders.
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Takahashi T, Suzuki M, Zhou SY, Hagino H, Tanino R, Kawasaki Y, Nohara S, Yamashita I, Seto H, and Kurachi M
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- Adolescent, Adult, Female, Humans, International Classification of Diseases, Male, Schizotypal Personality Disorder diagnosis, Severity of Illness Index, Cerebral Cortex abnormalities, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Schizophrenia diagnosis
- Abstract
We have previously reported volume reductions of the insular cortex in schizophrenia, but it is still not clear whether insular cortex volume loss preferentially involves the anterior (short insular cortex) or posterior (long insular cortex) portion. On the other hand, no volumetric studies of the brain have examined changes in insular cortex volume in subjects with schizotypal features. In this study, we separately investigated the volumes of the short and long insular cortex portions using magnetic resonance imaging in 37 schizotypal disorder patients (24 males, 13 females), 62 schizophrenia patients (32 males, 30 females), and 69 healthy controls (35 males, 34 females). While the volumes of the short and long insular cortex were significantly reduced in schizophrenia patients compared with schizotypal disorder patients and control subjects, there was no difference between schizotypal disorder patients and control subjects. These results suggest that the volume reduction of the insular cortex may be specific to overt schizophrenia without topographically specific localization.
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- 2005
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11. Morphological brain changes associated with Schneider's first-rank symptoms in schizophrenia: a MRI study.
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Suzuki M, Zhou SY, Hagino H, Niu L, Takahashi T, Kawasaki Y, Matsui M, Seto H, Ono T, and Kurachi M
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- Adult, Amygdala pathology, Brain Mapping, Dominance, Cerebral physiology, Female, Frontal Lobe pathology, Gyrus Cinguli pathology, Hippocampus pathology, Humans, Male, Nerve Net pathology, Parahippocampal Gyrus pathology, Prefrontal Cortex pathology, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Statistics as Topic, Temporal Lobe pathology, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Schizophrenia diagnosis, Schizophrenic Psychology
- Abstract
Background: Schneider's first-rank symptoms involve an alienated feature of the sense of one's own mental or physical activity. To clarify the brain morphological basis for the production of these symptoms, volumes of the frontal and medial temporal regions and their clinical correlates were examined in patients with schizophrenia., Method: Twenty-two patients with schizophrenia and 44 age- and gender-matched healthy control subjects were included. All patients were in their psychotic episodes with definite Schneiderian symptoms, rated by using the Scale for Assessment of Positive Symptoms. Volumetric measurements of high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging were performed in the prefrontal area, cingulate gyrus, and precentral gyrus, and the medial temporal structures such as the amygdala, hippocampus, and parahippocampal gyrus., Results: Patients had significantly decreased volumes in the cingulate gray matter and the amygdala compared to controls. In the patient group, Schneiderian symptom severity showed significant inverse correlations with volumes of the right posterior cingulate gray matter and of the left anterior parahippocampal gyrus., Conclusions: Schneiderian symptoms may be associated with morphological abnormalities in the limbic-paralimbic regions such as the cingulate gyrus and parahippocampal gyrus, which possibly serve the self-monitoring function and the coherent storage and reactivation of information.
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- 2005
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12. Structural brain differences in patients with schizophrenia and schizotypal disorder demonstrated by voxel-based morphometry.
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Kawasaki Y, Suzuki M, Nohara S, Hagino H, Takahashi T, Matsui M, Yamashita I, Chitnis XA, McGuire PK, Seto H, and Kurachi M
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- Adolescent, Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Functional Laterality, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted methods, Male, Brain pathology, Brain Mapping, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Schizophrenia pathology, Schizotypal Personality Disorder pathology
- Abstract
Brain abnormalities of schizophrenia probably consist of deviation related to the vulnerability and pathological changes in association with overt psychosis. We conducted a cross-sectional comparison in brain morphology between patients with overt schizophrenia and schizotypal disorder, a schizophrenia-spectrum disorder without florid psychotic episode. Voxelbased morphometry was applied to assess gray matter volume in 25 patients with schizophrenia, 25 patients with schizotypal disorder, and 50 healthy control subjects. In comparison with controls, schizophrenia patients showed gray matter reductions in the bilateral medial frontal, inferior frontal, medial temporal, and septal regions, and the left middle frontal, orbitofrontal, insula, and superior temporal regions, and an increased gray matter in the left basal ganglia. Schizotypal disorder patients showed reductions in the left inferior frontal, insula, superior temporal, and medial temporal regions. There was a significant reduction in the left orbitofrontal region of schizophrenia compared with schizotypal disorder. Gray matter reductions that are common to both patient groups such as those in the left medial temporal and inferior frontal regions may represent vulnerability to schizophrenia, and additional involvement of several frontal regions may be crucial to florid psychosis.
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- 2004
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13. Volume reduction of the amygdala in patients with schizophrenia: a magnetic resonance imaging study.
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Niu L, Matsui M, Zhou SY, Hagino H, Takahashi T, Yoneyama E, Kawasaki Y, Suzuki M, Seto H, Ono T, and Kurachi M
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- Adult, Female, Functional Laterality physiology, Humans, Male, Sex Factors, Temporal Lobe abnormalities, Amygdala abnormalities, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Schizophrenia diagnosis
- Abstract
The amygdala is known to be involved in the pathology of schizophrenia. While only a limited number of studies in schizophrenia have measured the amygdala as a single structure. The aim of this study was to examine the hypothesis that patients with schizophrenia would show reduced volumes in the amygdala compared with normal controls. We investigated amygdala volume in 40 patients with schizophrenia (20 males, 20 females) and 40 age- and gender-matched normal controls using three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Whole volumes of both the amygdala and the temporal lobe were measured on consecutive coronal 1-mm slices. The amygdala volume was significantly smaller in schizophrenia patients than in controls. Considering gender differences, male patients had significantly smaller volumes in the bilateral amygdala than male controls; female patients had a significantly reduced right amygdala compared with female controls. Furthermore, a significant left-smaller-than-right volumetric asymmetry of the amygdala was detected in male patients with schizophrenia. The results may be important for understanding the role of the amygdala in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and the anatomical substrates of gender difference in the expressions of the illness.
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- 2004
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14. Bilateral volume reduction of the insular cortex in patients with schizophrenia: a volumetric MRI study.
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Takahashi T, Suzuki M, Hagino H, Zhou SY, Kawasaki Y, Nohara S, Nakamura K, Yamashita I, Seto H, and Kurachi M
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- Adolescent, Adult, Atrophy, Disease Progression, Female, Humans, Male, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Reference Values, Sex Factors, Cerebral Cortex pathology, Dominance, Cerebral physiology, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Schizophrenia diagnosis
- Abstract
The morphologic changes of the insular cortex have been described in schizophrenia, but with inconsistencies between reports. We investigated the insular cortex volume by magnetic resonance imaging in 59 schizophrenia patients (31 males, 28 females) and 62 age- and gender-matched healthy controls (31 males, 31 females). The insular cortex volume was measured on consecutive coronal 1-mm slices. Volumes of the left and right insular cortex were significantly reduced in schizophrenia patients compared with control subjects. There were no effects of gender on the insular cortex volume in the patient group or control subjects. Bilateral insular cortex volumes were correlated negatively with illness duration in the patient group. The findings of this study suggest that there is a possible progressive loss of the gray matter volume of the bilateral insular cortices subsequent to the onset of schizophrenia.
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- 2004
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15. Multiple structural brain measures obtained by three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging to distinguish between schizophrenia patients and normal subjects.
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Nakamura K, Kawasaki Y, Suzuki M, Hagino H, Kurokawa K, Takahashi T, Niu L, Matsui M, Seto H, and Kurachi M
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- Adolescent, Adult, Discriminant Analysis, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Brain pathology, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Schizophrenia diagnosis
- Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the extent to which schizophrenia patients can be differentiated from normal subjects by structural brain measures. High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging scans were performed on 57 schizophrenia patients (30 males, 27 females) and 47 normal controls (25 males, 22 females). Significant enlargements of the left and right body of the lateral ventricle, the left and right sylvian fissure, and the third ventricle were observed in the male patients. Significant enlargements of the left inferior horn, and the left and right sylvian fissure, and a significant volume reduction of the right temporal lobe were observed in the female patients. Discriminant function analysis using brain anatomical measures as variables allowed correct classification of 80.0 percent of the male patients, 80.0 percent of the male controls, 77.8 percent of the female patients, and 86.4 percent of the female controls. These findings support the view that schizophrenia patients have structural deviations in multiple brain areas and that a combination of structural brain measures can distinguish between patients and controls.
- Published
- 2004
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16. Gray matter features of schizotypal disorder patients exhibiting the schizophrenia-related code types of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory.
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Yoneyama E, Matsui M, Kawasaki Y, Nohara S, Takahashi T, Hagino H, Suzuki M, Seto H, and Kurachi M
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- Adolescent, Adult, Brain Mapping, Cerebral Cortex abnormalities, Cerebral Cortex pathology, Dominance, Cerebral physiology, Entorhinal Cortex abnormalities, Entorhinal Cortex pathology, Female, Humans, Male, Psychometrics, Reference Values, Schizotypal Personality Disorder psychology, Brain abnormalities, Brain pathology, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, MMPI statistics & numerical data, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Mathematical Computing, Schizophrenia diagnosis, Schizophrenic Psychology, Schizotypal Personality Disorder diagnosis
- Abstract
Objective: Previous studies have suggested that several code types of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) are useful markers for identifying schizophrenia. We hypothesized that schizotypal disorder (STD) patients with such schizophrenia-related code types have the morphological brain abnormalities associated with schizophrenia., Method: Voxel-based morphometric analysis with statistical parametric mapping (SPM) 99 software was used to investigate the differences in brain morphology between 14 STD patients with the schizophrenia-related code types of the MMPI and 28 normal individuals., Results: The STD patients showed significantly decreased gray matter volume in the insular regions bilaterally and in the left entorhinal cortex, compared with the controls., Conclusion: Our findings suggest that STD patients with the schizophrenia-related code types have volume reductions in these regions as an endophenotype that overlaps with schizophrenia.
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- 2003
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17. Perigenual cingulate gyrus volume in patients with schizophrenia: a magnetic resonance imaging study.
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Takahashi T, Suzuki M, Kawasaki Y, Hagino H, Yamashita I, Nohara S, Nakamura K, Seto H, and Kurachi M
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- Adolescent, Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Gyrus Cinguli pathology, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Schizophrenia pathology
- Abstract
Background: Anterior cingulate gyrus abnormalities have been suggested to be involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia; however, little is known about morphologic changes in the perigenual cingulate gyrus in schizophrenia patients., Methods: We investigated perigenual cingulate gyrus volume in 40 schizophrenia patients (20 men, 20 women) and 40 age- and gender-matched normal controls using magnetic resonance imaging. Volume of both gray and white matter of the perigenual cingulate gyrus was measured on consecutive axial 1-mm slices., Results: Total (left and right) perigenual cingulate gray matter volume was significantly reduced in female schizophrenia patients compared with female controls. There was no significant difference in the gray matter volume of the perigenual cingulate gyrus between male patients and male controls. Left perigenual cingulate white matter volume was significantly reduced in the patient compared with the control group. Furthermore, significant gender differences were found in the total gray and white matter volume of the perigenual cingulate gyrus in control subjects (women > men), although these gender differences were not significant in the patient group., Conclusions: Our findings suggests volume reduction of the perigenual cingulate gyrus in schizophrenia patients, especially women and that gender differences in perigenual cingulate morphology among normal subjects are, as has been suggested for other parts of the brain, reduced in schizophrenia patients.
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- 2003
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18. Quantification of lateral ventricular subdivisions in schizophrenia by high-resolution three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging.
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Yotsutsuji T, Saitoh O, Suzuki M, Hagino H, Mori K, Takahashi T, Kurokawa K, Matsui M, Seto H, and Kurachi M
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- Adult, Equipment Design, Female, Functional Laterality physiology, Humans, Male, Cerebral Ventricles pathology, Magnetic Resonance Imaging instrumentation, Schizophrenia pathology
- Abstract
In vivo brain imaging and postmortem investigations have demonstrated ventricular enlargement in the brains of schizophrenic patients. However, the extent of changes in the volume of discrete ventricle subdivisions has not been clearly established. We conducted high-resolution three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging in 40 schizophrenic patients (20 males and 20 females) and 40 healthy volunteers (20 males and 20 females). The lateral ventricle in each hemisphere was divided into the anterior horn, body, posterior horn and temporal horn. The volumes of the hemispheres, four subdivisions of the lateral ventricles and the third ventricle were measured. Compared to the control subjects, the bilateral hemisphere volumes were significantly lower in the patients than in the control subjects. In the lateral ventricular subdivisions of the male patients, the most substantial volume increase was in the left temporal horn, and volume increases were also observed in the bilateral anterior horns and the right body. The male patients also had a significantly increased volume of the third ventricle. The female patients showed similar patterns with less statistical significance. Thus, the schizophrenia patients showed ventricular enlargement, particularly in the left temporal horn, being more severely affected in the male than in the female., (Copyright 2002 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd.)
- Published
- 2003
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19. Lack of self-control as assessed by a personality inventory is related to reduced volume of supplementary motor area.
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Matsui M, Yoneyama E, Sumiyoshi T, Noguchi K, Nohara S, Suzuki M, Kawasaki Y, Seto H, and Kurachi M
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- Adult, Brain Mapping, Cerebellum pathology, Female, Frontal Lobe pathology, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Male, Motor Cortex pathology, Psychometrics, Reference Values, Schizotypal Personality Disorder psychology, Brain pathology, Internal-External Control, MMPI statistics & numerical data, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Schizotypal Personality Disorder diagnosis, Self Efficacy
- Abstract
The present study was performed to examine the relationship between schizophrenia-related personality and brain morphometry. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and schizophrenia-related personality scales extracted from the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) were administered to 42 university students. Analysis of the relationships between the gray matter segmented from the MR images on a voxel-by-voxel basis through the use of the statistical parametric mapping technique and the schizophrenia-related personality subscale scores from the MMPI revealed that lack of self-control subscale scores were negatively related to the gray matter volume of the supplementary motor area (SMA). Furthermore, it was suggested that self-control including self-inhibition is associated with the density of the SMA, the precuneous and the cerebellar vermis, which govern voluntary movements and motor imagery. These results provide important clues to the neural basis for the disturbance of self commonly observed in schizophrenia spectrum disorders.
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- 2002
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20. Regional changes in brain gray and white matter in patients with schizophrenia demonstrated with voxel-based analysis of MRI.
- Author
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Suzuki M, Nohara S, Hagino H, Kurokawa K, Yotsutsuji T, Kawasaki Y, Takahashi T, Matsui M, Watanabe N, Seto H, and Kurachi M
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Brain Mapping, Cerebellum pathology, Cerebral Cortex pathology, Dominance, Cerebral physiology, Female, Humans, Male, Neural Pathways pathology, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Reference Values, Schizophrenia diagnosis, Schizophrenic Psychology, Brain pathology, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Schizophrenia pathology
- Abstract
This study examined regional structural changes in the whole brain in 45 medicated patients with schizophrenia (23 males and 22 females), comparing with 42 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers (22 males and 20 females). Automated voxel-based analysis on three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was conducted using statistical parametric mapping (SPM). Compared with the controls, relative gray matter in the patients was significantly reduced in the left superior temporal, left middle and inferior frontal, right inferior frontal, and bilateral anterior cingulate and medial temporal areas. Gray matter reductions in the left superior temporal and prefrontal areas were found predominantly in the male patients, while the anterior cingulate gray mater reduction was more striking in the female patients. On the contrary, significant gray matter increases in the patients were found in the parietal areas and the cerebellum. In the white matter, significant reduction was found in the bilateral anterior limbs of the internal capsule and the superior occipitofrontal fasciculus, whereas the bilateral parietal white matter showed significant increases. These results suggest that a pathological process in schizophrenia predominantly affects the fronto-temporolimbic-paralimbic regions. Reduced white matter in the connecting bundles, which was first found in this study, may imply morphological substrates for abnormalities in the fronto-thalamic and fronto-temporolimbic connectivity in schizophrenia.
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- 2002
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21. Lack of normal structural asymmetry of the anterior cingulate gyrus in female patients with schizophrenia: a volumetric magnetic resonance imaging study.
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Takahashi T, Kawasaki Y, Kurokawa K, Hagino H, Nohara S, Yamashita I, Nakamura K, Murata M, Matsui M, Suzuki M, Seto H, and Kurachi M
- Subjects
- Adult, Chronic Disease, Female, Humans, Male, Reference Values, Sex Factors, Dominance, Cerebral physiology, Gyrus Cinguli pathology, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Magnetic Resonance Imaging
- Abstract
We investigated anterior cingulate gyrus (ACG) volume in 40 patients with schizophrenia (20 males, 20 females) and 40 age-and sex-matched normal controls using three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Volumes of the whole brain and both the gray and white matter of the ACG were measured on consecutive coronal 1-mm slices. There was no significant difference between the patients with schizophrenia and the normal controls in the whole brain volume. Right ACG gray matter volume was significantly reduced in the female patients with schizophrenia as compared with the female controls. Furthermore.in the female controls, ACG gray matter volume was significantly larger on the right than on the left, while this asymmetry was not significant in the female patients. ACG white matter findings were similar to those of the ACG gray matter in that the volume was significantly larger on the right in the female controls, and this normal structural asymmetry was reduced in the female patients. These results suggest that gender may play an important role in the structural asymmetry anomalies in schizophrenia.
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Magnetic resonance imaging study of the cavum septi pellucidi in patients with schizophrenia.
- Author
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Hagino H, Suzuki M, Kurokawa K, Mori K, Nohara S, Takahashi T, Yamashita I, Yotsutsuji T, Kurachi M, and Seto H
- Subjects
- Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Prevalence, Schizophrenia pathology, Septum Pellucidum abnormalities, Septum Pellucidum pathology, Sex Factors, Magnetic Resonance Imaging statistics & numerical data, Schizophrenia diagnosis, Septum Pellucidum anatomy & histology
- Abstract
Objective: High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging was used to evaluate the prevalence of the cavum septi pellucidi (CSP) in 79 normal subjects and 86 patients with schizophrenia., Method: The CSP was assessed by counting the number of consecutive coronal 1-mm slices containing the CSP. A CSP equal to or greater than 6 mm in length was defined as large., Results: The CSP was found in 74.4% of the patients and 74.7% of the normal subjects, a nonsignificant difference. No difference between groups was found in the prevalence of a large CSP., Conclusions: The findings support the idea that a small CSP is a normal anatomical variant. More cases of a large CSP are needed to elucidate the implications of this abnormality in schizophrenia.
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Functional evaluation of hydronephrosis by diffusion-weighted MR imaging. Relationship between apparent diffusion coefficient and split glomerular filtration rate.
- Author
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Toyoshima S, Noguchi K, Seto H, Shimizu M, and Watanabe N
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Humans, Hydronephrosis diagnostic imaging, Hydronephrosis etiology, Hydronephrosis physiopathology, Male, Middle Aged, Radionuclide Imaging, Radiopharmaceuticals, Technetium Tc 99m Pentetate, Glomerular Filtration Rate, Hydronephrosis diagnosis, Magnetic Resonance Imaging
- Abstract
Purpose: To determine the relationship between apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values measured by diffusion-weighted MR imaging and split renal function determined by renal scintigraphy in patients with hydronephrosis., Material and Methods: Diffusion-weighted imaging on a 1.5 T MR unit and renal scintigraphy were performed in 36 patients with hydronephrosis (45 hydronephrotic kidneys, 21 non-hydronephrotic kidneys). ADC values of the individual kidneys were measured by diffusion-weighted MR imaging. Split renal function (glomerular filtration rate (GFR)) was determined by renal scintigraphy using 99mTc-DTPA. The relationship between ADC values and split GFR was examined in 66 kidneys. The hydronephrotic kidneys were further classified into three groups (severe renal dysfunction, GFR <10 ml/min, n=7; moderate renal dysfunction, GFR 10-25 ml/min, n= 10; normal renal function, GFR >25 ml/ min, n=28), and mean values for ADCs were calculated., Results: In hydronephrotic kidneys, there was a moderate positive correlation between ADC values and split GFR (R2=0.56). On the other hand, in nonhydronephrotic kidneys, poor correlation between ADC values and split GFR was observed (R2=0.08). The mean values for ADCs of the dysfunctioning hydronephrotic kidneys (severe renal dysfunction, 1.32 x 10(-3) +/- 0.18 x 10(-3) mm2/s; moderate renal dysfunction, 1.38 x 10(-3) +/- 0.10 x 10(-3) mm2/s) were significantly lower than that of the normal functioning hydronephrotic kidneys (1.63 x 10(-3) +/- 0.12 +/- 10(-3) mm2/s)., Conclusion: These results indicated that measurement of ADC values by diffusion-weighted MR imaging has a potential value in the evaluation of the functional status of hydronephrotic kidneys.
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Comparison of fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery MR imaging with CT in a simulated model of acute subarachnoid hemorrhage.
- Author
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Noguchi K, Seto H, Kamisaki Y, Tomizawa G, Toyoshima S, and Watanabe N
- Subjects
- Acute Disease, Cerebral Cortex pathology, Humans, Sensitivity and Specificity, Image Enhancement, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Phantoms, Imaging, Subarachnoid Hemorrhage diagnosis, Tomography, X-Ray Computed
- Abstract
Background and Purpose: Because MR imaging is becoming integral to the evaluation and treatment of very early stroke, it is critical to prove that MR imaging is at least as sensitive to acute subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) as is CT. The present study was conducted to evaluate the possibility of detecting a small amount of acute SAH diluted by CSF not revealed by CT but identified on fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery (FLAIR) MR images in an in vitro study., Methods: Acute SAH was simulated with mixtures of artificial CSF and arterial blood (hematocrit [Hct], 45%) ranging from 0% to 100% by volume. We scanned these phantoms with CT and turbo-FLAIR MR imaging (9000/119 [TR/effective TE]; inversion time, 2200 ms; echo train length, 7), and we measured T1 and T2 relaxation times of these phantoms at temperatures within 36 degrees C to 37 degrees C. Plots of CT value from the different blood/water mixture ratios versus Hct were generated and correlated with the average CT value from normal cortex. We measured T1 and T2 relaxation times of these phantoms and normal cortex and generated T2 relaxation curves as a function of effective TE for a specific inversion time (2200), and determined the TR (9000) for the turbo-FLAIR sequence by using a theoretical equation for the turbo inversion recovery signal intensity., Results: Above a Hct of 27% blood, the mixture was denser on CT scans than was the normal cortex. At a selected time longer than an effective TE of 120, above a Hct of 22.4% blood, the mixture was more hyperintense than the normal cortex on turbo-FLAIR images. At selected times longer than an effective TE of 160, above a Hct of 9% blood, the mixture was more hyperintense than was the normal cortex., Conclusion: FLAIR imaging is more sensitive than CT in the detection of a small amount of acute SAH diluted by CSF at selected appropriate TE, as determined in an in vitro study.
- Published
- 2000
25. MR sialographic evaluation of sialectasia of Stensen's duct: comparison with X-ray sialography and ultrasonography.
- Author
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Shojaku H, Shojaku H, Shimizu M, Seto H, and Watanabe Y
- Subjects
- Adult, Humans, Male, Parotid Diseases diagnostic imaging, Ultrasonography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Parotid Diseases diagnosis, Sialography
- Abstract
We describe a patient with unilateral sialectasia of Stensen's duct. X-ray sialography, MR sialography, and ultrasonography showed multiple stenoses and rosary dilatation of Stensen's duct during stimulation of the parotid gland. Before stimulation, Stensen's duct showed focal dilatation as indicated by MR sialography and ultrasonography. The patient also had ipsilateral masseter hypertrophy (BMH), which may be a cause of sialectasia.
- Published
- 2000
26. MRI of acute cerebral infarction: a comparison of FLAIR and T2-weighted fast spin-echo imaging.
- Author
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Noguchi K, Ogawa T, Inugami A, Fujita H, Hatazawa J, Shimosegawa E, Okudera T, Uemura K, and Seto H
- Subjects
- Acute Disease, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Brain pathology, Female, Humans, Image Enhancement instrumentation, Male, Middle Aged, Sensitivity and Specificity, Cerebral Infarction diagnosis, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted instrumentation, Magnetic Resonance Imaging instrumentation
- Abstract
Fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery (FLAIR) sequences have been reported to provide high sensitivity to a wide range of central nervous system diseases. To our knowledge, however, FLAIR sequences have not been used to study patients with acute cerebral infarcts. We evaluated the usefulness of FLAIR sequences in this context. FLAIR sequences were acquired on a 0.5 T superconducting unit within 8 h of the onset in 19 patients (aged 26-80 years) with a total of 23 ischaemic lesions. The images were reviewed retrospectively by three neuroradiologists, and the FLAIR images were compared with T2-weighted fast spin-echo images. All but one of the ischaemic lesions involving grey matter was clearly demonstrated on FLAIR images as increased signal intensity in cortical or central grey matter. FLAIR images were particularly useful for detecting the hyperacute cortical infarcts within 3 h of onset, which were not readily detected on the spin-echo images. In 9 of 11 patients with complete proximal occlusion, the distal portion of the cerebral artery was visible as an area of high signal intensity on FLAIR images.
- Published
- 1997
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the small intestine: radiologic-pathologic correlation.
- Author
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Shojaku H, Futatsuya R, Seto H, Tajika S, and Matsunou H
- Subjects
- Antigens, CD34 analysis, Biomarkers, Tumor analysis, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Jejunal Neoplasms immunology, Jejunal Neoplasms surgery, Jejunum pathology, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasms, Connective Tissue immunology, Neoplasms, Connective Tissue surgery, Stromal Cells immunology, Stromal Cells pathology, Ultrasonography, Jejunal Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Jejunum diagnostic imaging, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Neoplasms, Connective Tissue diagnostic imaging, Stromal Cells diagnostic imaging, Tomography, X-Ray Computed
- Abstract
Neoplasms of the small intestine are very rare. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are one of the new undifferentiated stromal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract diagnosed by immunohistochemistry. We present a case of a malignant GIST arising from the small intestine and report the radiologic characteristics of the tumor and pathological correlation. CT showed a very large, enhancing mass with extensive central necrosis located on the mesenteric side of the jejunum. A perforation into the jejunal lumen was observed by upper GI series. MRI showed a very large tumor which was hypointense on T2-weighted images. Ultrasound revealed a mixed solid and cystic mass. Grossly, the tumor was solid peripherally with extensive central necrosis. Microscopically, it consisted of spindle and epithelioid cells. Immunohistochemically, the cells stained positive for CD34, which is diagnostic of GIST.
- Published
- 1997
28. Subacute and chronic subarachnoid hemorrhage: diagnosis with fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery MR imaging.
- Author
-
Noguchi K, Ogawa T, Seto H, Inugami A, Hadeishi H, Fujita H, Hatazawa J, Shimosegawa E, Okudera T, and Uemura K
- Subjects
- Acute Disease, Adult, Aged, Brain diagnostic imaging, Brain pathology, Chronic Disease, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Subarachnoid Hemorrhage diagnostic imaging, Subarachnoid Hemorrhage etiology, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods, Subarachnoid Hemorrhage diagnosis
- Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery (FLAIR) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the detection of subacute and chronic subarachnoid hemorrhage., Materials and Methods: The authors performed 19 FLAIR MR imaging examinations at 0.5 T in 14 adult patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage 3-45 days after the ictus and 22 FLAIR examinations in 22 adult control subjects. The detection of subacute and chronic subarachnoid hemorrhage on FLAIR images was compared with the detection on conventional spin-echo MR and computed tomographic (CT) images., Results: In the detection of subacute subarachnoid hemorrhage, FLAIR (100% detection) was significantly superior to T1-weighted imaging (36% detection, P < .01), T2-weighted imaging (0% detection, P < .02), and CT (45% detection, P < .02 [Fisher exact test]). Although FLAIR imaging (63% detection) was superior in chronic subarachnoid hemorrhage detection, there were no statistically significant differences between modalities. FLAIR imaging demonstrated all subarachnoid hemorrhage areas as high-signal-intensity areas within 18 days and up to a maximum of 45 days after the ictus. In a blind comparison, no FLAIR images acquired in control subjects were confused with those acquired in patients., Conclusion: FLAIR diagnostic images are superior to conventional MR or CT images in patients with subacute subarachnoid hemorrhage.
- Published
- 1997
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Thoracic esophageal carcinoma: evaluation in the sagittal section with magnetic resonance imaging.
- Author
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Nakashima A, Nakashima K, Seto H, Kakishita M, Sakamoto T, Yamada A, and Fujimaki M
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Carcinoma, Adenosquamous diagnosis, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell diagnosis, Esophagus pathology, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Esophageal Neoplasms diagnosis, Magnetic Resonance Imaging
- Abstract
Among 54 patients with thoracic esophageal carcinoma (53 squamous cell carcinoma, 1 adenosquamous carcinoma), the usefulness of MR sagittal imaging for evaluating local extent (T factor) was examined by measuring the anteroposterior (AP) diameter of the tumor. The MR examination was performed using ECG gated scans with a 3 mm slice at 1.5 Tesla. T1-weighted sagittal images were obtained. In 10 patients the appearance of the esophagus was normal, and in 44 patients a tumor was detected in the sagittal section. Thirty-seven lesions were histologically proved (Tis, 1; T1, 3; T2, 3; T3, 15; T4, 15). Lesions classified as
30 mm were resected. They were located in the lower esophagus. It is concluded that lesions detected in MR sagittal images might be T3 or T4 tumors, and masses of >30 mm might extend to adjacent organs, although two tumors with an AP diameter < 25 mm also invaded the trachea. - Published
- 1997
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Normal appearance of the esophagus in sagittal section; measurement of the anteroposterior diameter with ECG gated MR imaging.
- Author
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Nakashima A, Nakashima K, Seto H, and Kakishita M
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Child, Electrocardiography, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Esophagus anatomy & histology, Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods
- Abstract
Sagittal images are valuable for determining the location and local extent of esophageal tumors. However, the normal appearance of the esophagus in sagittal section has not yet been analyzed well, although there have been a few reports on normal esophagus in the axial plane. In this study, the anteroposterior (AP) diameter of normal thoracic esophagus was measured in sagittal images using ECG gated magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, and compared with that of cadavers. In 78 subjects, 222 of 234 portions (95%) were depicted well when the esophagus was divided into three portions (upper thoracic, middle thoracic, and lower thoracic and abdominal). Almost all the AP diameters (96%) were within 15-16 mm. The data correlated well with the measurements in cadavers. The AP diameter of normal thoracic esophagus in sagittal section was considered to be up to 16 mm. These results might be of clinical use to evaluate the location and extent of esophageal tumors.
- Published
- 1996
31. Qualitative evaluation of chronic diffuse liver disease by STIR MRI.
- Author
-
Morijiri M, Seto H, Kamisaki Y, Shimizu M, Kageyama M, Watanabe N, and Kakishita M
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Chronic Disease, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Liver Diseases pathology, Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods
- Abstract
Objective: The purpose of our study was to characterize the relationship between signal intensity on STIR MRI, histology, and liver function., Materials and Methods: MRI was performed in 39 patients with chronic liver diseases [chronic persistent hepatitis (CPH), chronic active hepatitis (CAH), liver cirrhosis (LC)] and 11 patients without liver dysfunction (normal)., Results: On STIR images, very low signal intensities compared with those of the spleen were seen in all 11 normal livers (100%), and brighter intensities were seen in chronic diffuse liver diseases (10 patients with CPH, 11 patients with CAH, and 18 patients with LC) (100%). The higher the signal grade on STIR images (moderate, marked), the more advanced was the chronic diffuse liver disease (p < 0.02). The levels of serum glutamic-oxaloacetic and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase increased in parallel with increasing signal intensity on STIR images (both p < 0.01)., Conclusion: We found that the signal intensity of liver on STIR images appeared to be associated with the degree of histologic and/or clinical severity in patients with chronic liver disease.
- Published
- 1995
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Assessment of peanut aspiration by MRI and lung perfusion scintigram.
- Author
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Morijiri M, Seto H, Kageyama M, Shimizu M, Nagayoshi T, Watanabe N, and Kakishita M
- Subjects
- Bronchial Diseases diagnosis, Bronchial Diseases diagnostic imaging, Constriction, Pathologic diagnosis, Constriction, Pathologic diagnostic imaging, Female, Foreign Bodies etiology, Humans, Infant, Radionuclide Imaging, Arachis adverse effects, Bronchi diagnostic imaging, Foreign Bodies diagnosis, Foreign Bodies diagnostic imaging, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Technetium Tc 99m Aggregated Albumin
- Published
- 1994
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. [MR evaluation of common femoral arterial flow: age-related changes and characteristics in obstructive arterial disease of lower extremities].
- Author
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Nomura K, Futatsuya R, Seto H, Kamei T, and Kakishita M
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Blood Flow Velocity, Humans, Leg blood supply, Middle Aged, Models, Structural, Aging physiology, Arterial Occlusive Diseases physiopathology, Femoral Artery physiopathology, Magnetic Resonance Imaging
- Abstract
Flow velocity measurements of the common femoral arteries in 60 lower extremities of 30 healthy subjects and 12 lower extremities of 7 patients with arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO) were performed by means of magnetic resonance imaging with a use of presaturation bolus tracking (PBT) method. Our PBT method can provide both precise determination of flow velocity and evaluation of flow patterns within 30 minutes in the clinical setting. In phantom study, MR flow velocity had good correlation with actual flow velocity (r = 0.997). 30 healthy volunteers were classified into three groups; group I (20-40 years), group II (41-60 years) and group III (61-80 years). Starting time of acceleration (STA) were shortened as the age progressed. Peak reverse velocity (PRV), maximum deceleration rate (MDR), peak forward velocity/mean velocity ratio (PFV/MV) and pulsatility index (PI) were significantly decreased in group III as compared to group I and group II. Although intraluminal flow profile showed almost uniform during acceleration time on MR images, flow profile became disproportioned and reverse flow was observed in the medial portion during deceleration time. These characteristic hemodynamics were recognized in all healthy subjects regardless to the different age group. In ASO, STA was prolonged and PFV, PRV, Maximum acceleration rate, MDR, PFV/MV, PI, Vascular sectional area, flow volume were significantly decreased (p < 0.001) as compared to the control healthy group III. As the result we obtained marked characteristics such as flattening of curves and disappearance of reverse flow in MR flow waveform. On MR images, disproportion of intraluminal flow profile, decreased flow velocities during acceleration time and disappearance of reverse flow (11 of 12 extremities) during deceleration time were observed.
- Published
- 1993
34. [Cine MR angiography--application to cerebrovascular disease].
- Author
-
Futatsuya R, Seto H, Kakishita M, and Kurimoto M
- Subjects
- Cineangiography methods, Humans, Cerebrovascular Disorders diagnosis, Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods
- Published
- 1991
35. Comparison between air CT and MRI in the detection of small acoustic neurinomas.
- Author
-
Kamei T, Nakashima A, Seto H, and Kakishita M
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Neuroma, Acoustic diagnosis, Pneumoradiography, Tomography, X-Ray Computed
- Abstract
Air CT proved useful in yielding images of acoustic tumors as an air filling defect in 11 (24%) of 46 patients. Six of the 11 tumors were small ones of less than 1 cm in diameter. Air CT was also able to exclude an intracanalicular tumor in 29 patients (63%). MRI was performed for comparison in eight patients (nine tumors) already diagnosed by air CT as having an acoustic tumor. MRI detected eight (89%) of nine tumors. A false negative result on MRI was obtained only in one intracanalicular tumor (4.3 mm in size). This was considered to be attributable to limitations of spatial resolution including the wide slice thickness. A protocol for radiological investigation and management of patients whose clinical symptoms and/or audiovestibular examination are highly indicative of acoustic tumor is proposed and discussed.
- Published
- 1989
36. Diffusion-weighted echo-planar MRI of lacunar infarcts
- Author
-
Noguchi, K., Nagayoshi, T., Watanabe, N., Kanazawa, T., Toyoshima, S., Morijiri, M., Shojaku, H., Shimizu, M., and Seto, H.
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Intracranial Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas with Retrograde Cortical Venous Drainage: Assessment with Cerebral Blood Volume by Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging
- Author
-
Noguchi, K., Kubo, M., Kuwayama, N., Kamisaki, Y., Tomizawa, G., Kameda, K., Kawabe, H., Ogawa, S., Watanabe, N., Endo, S., and Seto, H.
- Subjects
Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations ,Cerebrovascular Circulation ,Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ,Brain ,Humans ,Image Enhancement ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging - Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Retrograde cortical venous drainage (RCVD) is the most major risk factor for aggressive behavior of intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVF). The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) map for RCVD in patients with DAVF. METHODS: Ten patients with angiographically proven DAVF with RCVD, 2 reference patients with DAVF without RCVD, and 10 control subjects underwent examinations with dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC)-MR imaging. Four patients with DAVF with unilateral RCVD were evaluated, before and after treatment. The calculation of mean rCBV ratio was performed on a hemispheric basis. The mean rCBV ratio was defined as the value on one side (higher value side) divided by that on the other side (lower value side). RESULTS: In all patients with DAVF with RCVD, the rCBV map showed an increase in rCBV of the angiographically proved affected hemisphere. In 2 reference patients with DAVF without RCVD and all control subjects, the rCBV map showed no increase of rCBV. The mean rCBV ratio in patients with DAVF with RCVD was significantly higher than that of control subjects (P = .0002). Treatment response for RCVD was indicated by a decrease of CBV on the rCBV map and by a decrease of 22% in the mean rCBV ratio. CONCLUSIONS: Increased rCBV by DSC-MR correlated with RCVD in patients with DVAF. The assessment with rCBV for RCVD may be more quantitative than that with angiogram.
- Published
- 2006
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