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Introduction: Early diagnosis of gastric neoplasia involves both the detection and surveillance of patients with premalignant gastric lesions. Magnifying endoscopy allows the analysis of the fine mucosal structure and microvascular architecture. Material and methods: The aim of our study is to identify specific patterns associated with premalignant gastric lesions by magnifying endoscopy in conjunction with chromoscopy. We performed conventional upper endoscopies and we selected a number of patients for chromodiagnostic and magnification. We classified the endoscopic patterns in normal and abnormal (modified) patterns. Target biopsies were obtained from magnified areas and we analyzed the correspondence with the histological findings. Results: We identified specific pit patterns for normal gastric mucosa and for inflamed mucosa. A tubular pattern was associated with the detection of intestinal metaplasia. An irregular pattern and abnormal microvessels were endoscopic findings associated with the detection of high-grade dysplasia. An irregular form of collecting venules was detected in areas with atrophic gastritis. Conclusions: An initial selection of patients based on conventional endoscopic findings is mandatory. Gastric mucosal changes identified by magnifying endoscopy raise the number of detected premalignant lesions by targeted biopsies. Our work emphasizes the current challenges related to the use of these endoscopic methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: the detection of gastric preneoplastic lesions (atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia) is important regarding the patient's risk evaluation for gastric cancer. The purpose of this study consists in the pit pattern evaluation, specific to the 3 premalignant lesions by magnifying endoscopy and chromeondoscopy. Material and methods: The study has started in January 2010 and it is still in progress. The patients have been examined by conventional endoscopy, respectively selected for magnifying endoscopy and chromoendoscopy. Partial results: I have obtained pit patterns specific to gastric mucosa in precancerous lesions. Partial conclusions: 1. Several pit patterns can be identified in the same patient. 2. The stomach can be mapped more exactly, this way being identified the area of modified mucosa; thus target biopsies can be done raising the chances for an accurate diagnosis. 3. It is a resource and time-consuming method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]