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Conclusions: The horizontal portion of the petrous carotid artery (HPCA) of mandibulofacial dysostosis (MFD) patients had anterior-inferior displacement or was aplasia at birth. Our findings indicate that most MFD patients have aplasia of the internal carotid artery. This information may be very important for safe reconstruction surgery in atresia., Objective: MFD rarely has malformations of the cardiovascular system such as those seen in Goldenhar syndrome. This study aimed to compare MFD patients and normal subjects with respect to the length and diameter of the HPCA., Subjects and Methods: We radiographically studied 22 MFD patients (44 sides) using high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), measuring the length and diameter of the HPCA and the angle between the right and left HPCA using computer software. Findings were compared with those in 86 ears with normal auricles (control group) using the nonparametric test., Results: The HPCA in MFD patients averaged 23.2 mm in length and 4.8 mm in diameter. The angle between the right and left HPCA averaged 100.2 degrees. In MFD patients, on average, HPCA were 2.0 mm shorter (p=0.001) and 0.4 mm narrower (p=0.016) than in control subjects. Mean angle between right and left HPCA was 5.4 degrees more acute in MFD patients than in control subjects (p=0.026). Moreover, the genu of the vertical and horizontal petrous ICA in the MFD group was on average 3.2 mm more inferior than in controls (p<0.001).

Objective: To study the difference in the facial canal anatomy in terms of the severity of microtia and deformity of the middle ear in patients with mandibulofacial dysostosis using high-resolution computed tomography., Study Design: Retrospective analyses., Setting: The study was carried out at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan., Patients: Thirty-six ears of 18 patients with mandibulofacial dysostosis were examined by high-resolution computed tomography. These ears were graded based on the Marx classification and Jahrsdoerfer scoring systems., Main Outcome Measures: The high-resolution computed tomography findings and age distribution of each group were compared with those of other groups by multiple comparison using Tukey's honestly significant difference test., Results: The course of the facial nerve was not significantly different in terms of the severity of microtia and deformity of the middle ear. The bony cochlea in the patients with mandibulofacial dysostosis was displaced by a mean value of 2 mm more anteriorly and a mean value of 0.7 mm shallower than that in the cases with normal auricles., Conclusion: The facial nerve of patients with mandibulofacial dysostosis is displaced more anterolaterally than that of the cases with normal auricles; however, the auricle anomaly is not severe.

Seven patients with Treacher-Collins syndrome were studied. All of patients were children or teenagers. Helical CT scanner (Toshiba) was used to reconstruct zygomatic arch and temporomandibular joint capsule on lateral aspect of temporal bone in five patients of microtia and atresia of both ears and two patients of narrow ear canals of both ears without microtia.Three-dimensional reconstructions of computed tomography on lateral aspect of temporal bone demonstrated various congenital abnormality including aplasia of zygomatic arch in seven patients and dislocation of temporomandibular joint capsule in seven patients.

Purpose: To ascertain the location of the facial nerve in patients with microtia by using thin-section computed tomography (CT)., Materials and Methods: Thin-section CT was performed in 66 ears of patients with microtia (unilateral, n = 12; bilateral, n = 34) and mandibulofacial dysostosis (MFD, n = 20). Findings were compared with those in 22 ears with normal auricles (control group) by using the Dunnett two-sided t test., Results: The facial nerve at the mastoid portion in patients with MFD was 2 mm more lateral and 3 mm more anterior than that in control subjects (P <.01). The same portion in patients with microtia was 3 mm more anterior than that in the control subjects (P <.01). The distance between the facial nerve and the most lateral point of the temporal bone in patients with MFD was 10 mm shorter and that in patients with bilateral microtia was 3 mm shorter than that in the control subjects (P <.01)., Conclusion: The facial nerve in patients with microtia was not more lateral from the Bill bar (vertical crest) than that in control subjects. The facial nerve in patients with MFD was different from that in patients with microtia who had no other head anomalies.

Conclusions. The horizontal portion of the petrous carotid artery (HPCA) of mandibulofacial dysostosis (MFD) patients had anterior-inferior displacement or was aplasia at birth. Our findings indicate that most MFD patients have aplasia of the internal carotid artery. This information may be very important for safe reconstruction surgery in atresia. Objective. MFD rarely has malformations of the cardiovascular system such as those seen in Goldenhar syndrome. This study aimed to compare MFD patients and normal subjects with respect to the length and diameter of the HPCA. Subjects and methods. We radiographically studied 22 MFD patients (44 sides) using high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), measuring the length and diameter of the HPCA and the angle between the right and left HPCA using computer software. Findings were compared with those in 86 ears with normal auricles (control group) using the nonparametric test. Results. The HPCA in MFD patients averaged 23.2 mm in length and 4.8 mm in diameter. The angle between the right and left HPCA averaged 100.2°. In MFD patients, on average, HPCA were 2.0 mm shorter (p=0.001) and 0.4 mm narrower (p=0.016) than in control subjects. Mean angle between right and left HPCA was 5.4° more acute in MFD patients than in control subjects (p=0.026). Moreover, the genu of the vertical and horizontal petrous ICA in the MFD group was on average 3.2 mm more inferior than in controls (p<0.001). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]