1. Effects of Manure Application on Soybean Yield and Soil Nutrients in China.
- Author
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ZHANG Chenyang, XU Minggang, WANG Fei, LI Ran, and SUN Nan
- Subjects
MANURES ,CATTLE manure ,SOYBEAN ,FERTILIZER application ,SOIL fertility ,POULTRY manure ,PLATEAUS - Abstract
Application of manure can increase soybean yield and soil fertility. There are significant differences in soybean yield and soil fertility in China due to the influence of region, application rate of manure, type of manure etc. However, the reasons for these differences are still not clear. In order to find out the effect of manure fertilizer application on soybean yield and soil fertility in different regions and management measures in China, and the main factors of yield increase effect, this study collected data on a national scale for integrated analysis. According to the searching criteria, 37 literatures including 119 groups of data on the effect of manure application on soybean yield and 11 literatures including 148 groups of data on the effects of manure application on soil nutrients were obtained. The enhanced boosted regression tree (BRT) model was used to quantify the importance of climate factors, soil properties and manure application measures on soybean yield increase. The average soybean yield increased by 12.9% after application of manure in different regions, with the highest yield in south China (18.7%) and followed by North China (14.8%), Northwest China (13.6%) and Northeast China (12.0%). When the application rate of manure was more than 5 000 kg⋅hm
-2 , the increase of soybean yield was 18.5%. Soybean yield increased by 24.9% after the application of cow manure, followed by the application of pig manure (17.6%), commercial manure (15.3%), chicken manure (12.7%) and manure (8.8%). The average soybean yield was 2 224 kg⋅hm-2 with no fertilizer, whereas it increased by 20.4% to the amount 2 518 kg⋅hm-2 with applying manure alone. The average soybean yield was 2 259 kg⋅hm-2 under the application of chemical fertilizer, whereas it increased by 9.1% to the amount 2 558 kg⋅hm-2 under the combined application of manure and chemical fertilizer. Manure application significantly increased soil available P (43.5%), total P (13.3%) and organic matter (11.0%), but had no significant effect on soil available K (9.4%), alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen (3.4%), pH (2.1%) and total K (1.2%). Based on the BRT results, the BRT model explained 52.83% of soybean yield differences in China. Among them, the application rate of manure had the greatest impact on soybean yield, accounting for 47.0% of the variation, followed by soil properties (41.0%) and climate factors (12.0%). In general, the application of manure (including the single application of manure and combined application of manure and chemical fertilizer) could significantly increase soybean yield, with the largest increase in South China and with the highest increasing production benefit under the application of cow manure. Soybean yield was mostly affected by the application rate of manure. Additionally, the available P, total P and organic matter contents in soybean soil significantly increased under the application of manure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
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