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(1) Background: Citrus honey constitutes a unique monofloral honey characterized by a distinctive aroma and unique taste. The non-targeted chemical analysis can provide pivotal information on chemical markers that differentiate honey based on its geographical and botanical origin. (2) Methods: Within the PRIMA project "PLANT-B", a metabolomics workflow was established to unveil potential chemical markers of orange blossom honey produced in case study areas of Egypt, Italy, and Greece. In some of these areas, aromatic medicinal plants were cultivated to enhance biodiversity and attract pollinators. The non-targeted chemical analysis and metabolomics were conducted using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS). (3) Results: Forty compounds were disclosed as potential chemical markers, enabling the differentiation of the three orange blossom honeys according to geographical origin. Italian honey showed a preponderance of flavonoids, while in Greek honey, terpenoids and iridoids were more abundant than flavonoids, except for hesperidin. In Egyptian honey, suberic acid and a fatty acid ester derivative emerged as chemical markers. New, for honey, furan derivatives were identified using GC-MS in Greek samples. (4) Conclusions: The application of UHPLC-HRMS metabolomics combined with an elaborate melissopalynological analysis managed to unveil several potential markers of Mediterranean citrus honey potentially associated with citrus crop varieties and the local indigenous flora. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A sensitive multi-residue analytical method, utilizing ethyl acetate extraction and liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC–ESI-MS–MS), has been developed and validated for simultaneous determination of 28 pesticides of different chemical classes (polar organophosphates, carbamates, strobilurines, neonicotinoids, amides, pyrimidines, benzimidazoles, imidazoles and triazoles), and their transformation products, in processed fruit and vegetables. Two precursor–product ion transitions were monitored for each pesticide in selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode. Linearity ( r 2 ≥ 0.99) was good over the concentration range 0.5 to 100 μg L−1 for all the pesticides, and instrumental detection limits ranged from 0.1 to 1 μg L−1. Mean recovery for fruit and vegetables spiked at 0.010 mg kg−1 ranged from 65 to 94.4%, and relative standard deviations ranged from 9.0 to 20.0%. When the amount spiked was 0.050 mg kg−1 recoveries ranged from 72.5 to 90% and relative standard deviations were from 6.1 to 19.0%. Method detection limits were from 0.002 to 0.007 mg kg−1 for the different food matrices studied. The method was used to monitor pesticide residues in a wide variety of fruits and vegetables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]