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Although the tensile mechanical properties of tendon have been well characterised, the viscoelastic and anisotropic properties remain uncertain. This thesis addresses the anisotropic and viscoelastic material properties of tendon. A method to characterise the three-dimensional shape of tendon is reported and experiments to characterise the fibre-aligned and fibre-transverse viscoelastic properties of tendon are presented. The cross-sectional profiles of bovine digital extensor tendons were determined by a laser-slice method. Linear dimensions were measured within 0.15 mm and cross-sectional areas within 1.7 mm². Tendons were compressed between two glass plates in creep loading at multiple loads. Compression was then modelled in a finite element environment. Tendon was found to be nearly incompressible and reproduction of its isochronal load-displacement curve was achieved with a neo-Hookean material model (E ≃ 0.3 MPa). The fibre-aligned tensile mechanical properties were described using a Quasi-Linear Viscoelastic model. The model was effective at reproducing cyclic loading; however, it was ineffective at predicting stress relaxation outside the scope of data used to fit the model. When all experimental results are considered together, two significant conclusions are made: (1) tendon is much stiffer in fibre-aligned tension than in fibre-transverse compression and (2) the fibre-aligned tensile response is strain dependant, while the transverse response is not.