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We demonstrate a high-energy gain-switched TDFL for volumetric PA microscopy of lipids at 1700, 1725, and 1750 nm. Pulse energies are 58.2, 66.8, and 75.3 μJ, respectively, with a 16.7 ns duration at 10 kHz. © 2020 The Author(s)

We demonstrate that the dielectric microsphere swims towards the continuous wave light in response to the photonic nanojet and the hysteresis in backaction force on the pure dielectric particle under the counter propagating beams.

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) relies on the reflection of light from structures in different layers to interferometrically reconstruct the volumetric image of the sample. However, light returned from multiple layers suffers from imbalanced attenuation owing to the optical path difference and inhomogeneous tissue absorption. We report an optimization algorithm to improve signal strength in deep tissue for swept-source (SS)-OCT imaging. This algorithm utilizes the attenuation coefficient of consecutive layers within the sample and combines them to compensate for the signal intensity loss from deep tissue. We stacked 170-µm thick cover slides as a standard sample for benchmark testing. The optimized OCT image provides a 30% increase in signal intensity in the deep structure compared with the conventional images. We applied this method for pearl inspection, whose layered structure demonstrates a great application for our optimized OCT imaging. In contrast to X-ray micro-CT scan and scanning electron microscope (SEM) imaging modalities, the optimized OCT imaging provides great potential for pearl quality inspection. The proposed improvement algorithm for SS-OCT could also be applied to diverse biomedical imaging scenarios, including label-free tissue imaging.

We report the first, to the best of our knowledge, demonstration of Grüneisen relaxation photoacoustic microscopy (GR-PAM) of lipid-rich tissue imaging at the 1.7 µm band, implemented with a high-energy thulium-doped fiber laser and a fiber-based delay line. GR-PAM enhances the image contrast by intensifying the region of strong absorbers and suppressing out-of-focus signals. Using GR-PAM to image swine-adipose tissue at 1725 nm, an 8.26-fold contrast enhancement is achieved in comparison to conventional PAM. GR-PAM at the 1.7 µm band is expected to be a useful tool for label-free high-resolution imaging of lipid-rich tissue, such as atherosclerotic plaque and nerves.