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The possibility of applying the method of ultrajet diagnostics for estimation of the stress–strain state (SSS) of carbon-fiber samples is considered. It was shown as a result of a series of experiments and numeric computations that informative parameters of the cavern do not contain objective information about the state of material in the current load state. This may be useful for the construction of a general method for diagnosing samples made of carbon fiber for estimation of their operational life, including the conditions of the effect of a set of external factors: static loading, temperature, various types of electromagnetic radiation, et al. Experiments showed there to be high indicators of correlation between computed values of stresses and depths of caverns formed as a result of ultrajet impact on the surface of carbon-fiber samples.

The article is deal with the questions of assessing the applicability of the method of ultra-jet diagnostics of carbon plastics. In the work, phenomenological ideas about the process of destruction of carbon plastics under the action of a high-speed-jet of liquid are considered. The experimental part of the work is related to the implementation of the diagnostic effect of the ultra-jet on the surface of the carbon fiber reinforced plastic, the assessment of the geometric parameters of the hydraulic caverns and the qualitative assessment of the state of the fibers and the adhesion in the binder-fiber structure. In this experiment, carbon fiber samples were used both in the initial state and after the inhibitory effect of x-ray radiation. Such a technique made it possible to carry out a comparative analysis of the samples and evaluate the information content of the ultra-jet diagnostics method as applied to the materials under consideration.

In the development of life support systems for long-term space missions, the most important tasks are the absorption of carbon dioxide from the air, the production of carbon dioxide with a concentration above 98 %, and the production of oxygen from carbon dioxide by the Bosch – Sabatier process. To solve these problems, a regenerative carbon dioxide absorber adapted to space flight conditions is required. The article proposes a new method for the production of chemosorbents based on hydrated zirconium oxide using polyacrylates as a binder and polymer matrix. The regenerated absorber of carbon dioxide for its application in space flights must meet the regulatory requirements of sanitary-chemical and toxicological safety of materials intended for the equipment of inhabited sealed rooms, be resistant to radiation and to the effects of mold. In the study of the processes of “sorption – desorption” of carbon dioxide, we have established the relationship between the technological parameters of the synthesis of chemosorbents and the kinetic parameters of the processes of mass-sorption of sorbate in the “sorption – regeneration” cycles. It is found that the optimal weight ratio of the “adsorbent – filler/polymer matrix” 89÷94/11÷6 is optimal in terms of the performance characteristics of the developed absorbers. It is shown experimentally that the main operational characteristics of the developed materials do not change under experimental conditions during 2000 “sorption – regeneration” cycles. The resulting chemosorbents are investigated by physicochemical analysis. Employing methods of gas chromatography and chromatomass spectrometry, we have conducted sanitary and chemical studies and toxicological assessment of the quantitative and qualitative composition of the components of gas release of the developed regenerated carbon dioxide absorber and air-gas mixture formed during the regeneration of the regenerated carbon dioxide absorber. Also we have carried out microbiological tests of samples of the regenerated absorber of carbon dioxide for resistance of material to influence of mold mushrooms. The results obtained confirm the possibility of using the developed materials in life support systems of manned spacecraft for deep space exploration.

The article discusses the task of assessing the damage of carbon plastics that arose as a result of the destructive effect of x-ray radiation using the diagnostic capabilities of ultra-jet technology. A technique is proposed for determining the thickness of a carbon fiber package that can protect an imaginary interior from the negative effects of x-ray waves. As informative diagnostic parameters in the method, the geometrical dimensions of the cavern arising on the surface of the sample as a result of exposure to a high-speed jet of liquid (water) are used. Based on the results of the experiments, it was found that a decrease in the depth value indicates a decrease in the penetrating effect of x-ray radiation and the destruction of the binder in the structure of the composite material. The studies were carried out under the grants of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research 18-29-18081, a grant from the President of the Russian Federation for state support of leading scientific schools of the Russian Federation NSh-3778.2018.8

The article deals with the questions of assessing the applicability of the method of ultra-jet diagnostics of carbon plastics. In the work, phenomenological ideas about the process of destruction of carbon plastics under the action of a high-speed-jet of liquid are considered. The experimental part of the work is related to the implementation of the diagnostic effect of the ultra-jet on the surface of the carbon fiber reinforced plastic, the assessment of the geometric parameters of the hydraulic caverns and the qualitative assessment of the state of the fibers and the adhesion in the binder-fiber structure. In this experiment, carbon fiber samples were used both in the initial state and after the inhibitory effect of x-ray radiation. Such a technique made it possible to carry out a comparative analysis of the samples and evaluate the information content of the ultra-jet diagnostics method as applied to the materials under consideration.