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Convergence is a fundamental topic in analysis that is most commonly modeled using topology. However, there are many natural convergences that are not given by any topology; e.g., convergence almost everywhere of a sequence of measurable functions and order convergence of nets in vector lattices. The theory of convergence structures provides a framework for studying more general modes of convergence. It also has one particularly striking feature: it is formalized using the language of filters. This paper develops a general theory of convergence in terms of nets. We show that it is equivalent to the filter-based theory and present some translations between the two areas. In particular, we provide a characterization of pretopological convergence structures in terms of nets. We also use our results to unify certain topics in vector lattices with general convergence theory.