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Parameters measurement of multiple exponentially damped sinusoids (MEDS) signals is of great significance in many areas. However, recent technologies are most based on Nyquist sampling theory and thus require very high sampling rate for wide band signals. In this paper, a distributed sub-Nyquist sampling and parameters measurement method is proposed for common frequency support MEDS signals. The proposed method can measure the parameters of P common frequency support MEDS signals by P + 1 distributed sub-Nyquist sampling channels. A subspace based parameters estimation algorithm is proposed to estimate the unknown amplitudes, frequencies and damping factors of the measured MEDS signals. It can be determined that K (P + 1) + P ⌈ K / P ⌉ samples are sufficient for parameters measuring of P MEDS signals with K common frequency components, which is much smaller than previous works. Finally, we design a hardware prototype to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. Simulation and hardware experiments have demonstrated the effectiveness and noise robustness of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]