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This article focused on two main topics currently on among many agendas: smart cities and Artificial Intelligence (AI). The growing interest in the former is due to these cities’ multidimensionality and adaptability in terms of residents’ needs and the requirements of each municipality's reality. AI, in turn, currently plays a transformative, disruptive role in various areas by performing “smart” tasks, thereby facilitating the automation of processes and differentiation initiatives. Smart city strategic planning, especially in the long term, will most likely have to deal with adaptations to AI. Thus, research is needed that can contribute to a more holistic view of these topics and support decision-making processes in these areas. Based on the epistemological principles of the multiple-criteria decision analysis approach (MCDA), this article developed and tested a dynamic analysis system that allows smart city initiatives to address the challenges of adapting to AI. The proposed system highlights the cause-and-effect relationships in this context. The article included an application of the decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) technique. The procedural steps followed to implement this methodology were enhanced by close collaboration with an experienced decision maker, who has coordinated various projects in this research context. The proposed system's contributions and limitations were also analyzed in this article.

Teachers’ instructional practices are important for student learning. However, there are few tools for evaluating instructional practices in social studies. To this end, we present a video-based instrument with teacher-student interactions for assessing teaching practices in a high school economics course. We investigate, using an iterative design-based methodology, the adaptation and validation of a test originally developed in Germany for use in the United States. We found that experienced economics teachers and those with more content knowledge demonstrated higher-level instructional skills, and were more flexibile with their thinking. Inexperienced economics teachers and those with low content knowledge not only struggled with the test items, but also with the test format, the content, inter-cultural understanding, and with feeling overwhelmed. The test provides an opportunity for economics teachers to obtain feedback, practice, reflection, and improvement of their instruction in a way that has not previously been available. It also illustrates the possibilities and drawbacks of video-based testing in teacher training.

The study of language contact has been traditionally carried out from a structural perspective (synchronic or diachronic), from a sociolinguistic perspective and/or from a rather psychological perspective, centered on the linguistic and communicative competence of the multilingual individual. However, a great number of linguistic and sociolinguistic topics that appear in language contact situations may be productively tackled from a pragmatic viewpoint. This pragmatic perspective takes into account linguistic use in communication contexts and raises, at a different level, questions that deal with the structures and the evolution of the codes in contact. The main aim of this presentation is the analysis of some of the specific problems that arise in given language contact situations from a pragmatic perspective, considering the adaptation processes of the speakers, their particular interactive strategies and the social meaning generated. Understanding pragmatics in its original sense, i.e. as the study of the relationship between linguistic signs and speakers (users of certain resources), these phenomena should be understood as the result of speakers’ adaptation to changing sociocultural circumstances. This adaptation creates a new distribution of the verbal resources (or linguistic economy) of the community and, consequently, modifies its varieties as far as form and function are concerned.

Although speech driven facial animation has been studied extensively in the literature, works focusing on the affective content of the speech are limited. This is mostly due to the scarcity of affective audio-visual data. In this article, we improve the affective facial animation using domain adaptation by partially reducing the data scarcity. We first define a domain adaptation to map affective and neutral speech representations to a common latent space in which cross-domain bias is smaller. Then the domain adaptation is used to augment affective representations for each emotion category, including angry, disgust, fear, happy, sad, surprise, and neutral, so that we can better train emotion-dependent deep audio-to-visual (A2V) mapping models. Based on the emotion-dependent deep A2V models, the proposed affective facial synthesis system is realized in two stages: first, speech emotion recognition extracts soft emotion category likelihoods for the utterances; then a soft fusion of the emotion-dependent A2V mapping outputs form the affective facial synthesis. Experimental evaluations are performed on the SAVEE audio-visual dataset. The proposed models are assessed with objective and subjective evaluations. The proposed affective A2V system achieves significant MSE loss improvements in comparison to the recent literature. Furthermore, the resulting facial animations of the proposed system are preferred over the baseline animations in the subjective evaluations., Scientific and Technological Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK)

Despite the sizeable impact of migration on childbearing, less is known about how it shapes contraceptive use undergirding fertility. We utilize binational survey data collected in 2006/7 by the Migration, Gender, and Health among Immigrant Latinos in Durham, NC study to assess how selection, disruption, and adaptation shape contraceptive use among Mexican migrant women. We address selectivity with respect to both socio-demographic and formative sexual initiation characteristics, comparing migrants to non-migrants in Mexico. We examine the disruptive effect of migration on contraception among migrant women sexually initiated in Mexico. Finally, we compare current methods between Mexican migrants and non-migrants to assess adaptation to U.S. contraceptive practices. We find migrant selectivity is less important than context in shaping immigrant women’s contraceptive practices, though migrant women sexually initiated in the United States exhibit earlier and higher levels of contraceptive use than their migrant peers initiated in Mexico. Migration also disrupts contraceptive trajectories. Many migrants discontinue contraceptive use pre-migration in response to their husbands’ solo migration. Partner separation also reduces contraceptive use immediately after migration. Finally, migrants show numerous signs of adaptation to the U.S. context, mainly via the adoption of oral contraception. The main obstacle for contraceptive use in Durham is lack of information about where to obtain it. Efforts to improve immigrants’ reproductive health should recognize the deleterious effect of policies encouraging family separation. Health care must reach immigrant women soon after arrival, be attuned to pre-migration contraceptive practices, and recognize the unique vulnerabilities of women migrating at older ages.

Purpose The purpose of this study was to translate, adapt and conduct initial psychometric validation of the French version of the Nurses’ Attitudes and Perceptions of Pain Assessment in neonatal intensive care Questionnaire (NAPPAQ) developed by Polkki in 2010. Background Assessing nurses’ perceptions, attitudes and knowledge about pain management in preterm infants is important to improve neonatal practices. Methods A sample of French-speaking nurses (n = 147) from Quebec and France working in neonatal intensive care was selected to validate the 46-item questionnaire. A French translation of the NAPPAQ, which includes Part I and II, was undertaken prior to its administration. The FIPM questionnaire was added as a Part III. Internal consistency and instrument structure were examined using Cronbach's alphas, inter-item and inter-scale correlations and exploratory factor analysis. Results The NAPPAQ-FIPM is divided into three parts. Part I of the French version had a Cronbach's alpha of 0.64 and was composed of five factors. Part II had good total internal consistency (0.79) and adequate structure, established by inter-item correlations. Part III had good total internal consistency (0.76), and factor analysis findings suggested the presence of five factors. Conclusions The NAPPAQ-FIPM can be used for research purposes. Parts II and III obtained adequate psychometrics results. However, further refinement of Part I could improve its content and internal structure.

Teams often confront exogenous events that induce discontinuous change and unsettle existing routines. In the immediate aftermath of such events (the disruption stage), teams experience a dip in their performance and only over time regain their previous performance levels (in the recovery stage). We argue that prohibitive voice that allows teams to manage errors better is instrumental for preventing performance losses in the disruption stage. Whereas, promotive voice that helps teams innovate or improve team processes, can facilitate steeper and more positive performance trajectories in the recovery stage. We also propose that voice is especially functional when teams confront higher change intensity and, thereby, highlight that voice is particularly important when change events cause greater discontinuity in the task environment. We found general support for our theory in a correlational field study involving 172 production teams in which we examined over time trajectories in objective team performance, and a field experiment involving 88 teams in a different production setting, where team members were trained, incentivized, and provided opportunities to engage in voice. We discuss the implications of our findings for literature on voice, team adaptation, and resilience. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Self-adaptation gives software systems the ability to adjust their behavior or structure in changing environments such as the health software domain However, adaptability significantly complicates software implementation and brings great challenges to software engineering This paper proposes an Adaptive Healthcare Software Architecture (AHSA), which is based on international health standards and offers at-runtime adaptation Three components (Dynamic Linker, Runtime Locator, and Autonomous Component) have been specified to compose AHSA A tool called AdaptiveHIS has also been developed to dynamically generate AHSA components, and this generation is exemplified through an algorithm Within two real-world COVID-19 pandemic healthcare scenarios, an assessment compared the adaptability of AHSA and other software architectures built using state-of-art tools Results based on the level of system adaptability metric respectively showed that AHSA offered 20% and 72% more adaptability in the two real-world scenarios IEEE

This an account of student feedback on the distance online tools adopted at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic for teaching cardiovascular (CVS) physiology to Year 2 medical students within a problem-based learning (PBL) medical curriculum. Students’ achievement upon assessment of CVS physiology theory content was also evaluated. Most students were ready for online learning in terms of appropriate equipment and internet connectivity. Most students expressed a preference for face-to-face learning of CVS physiology; however, they relied on recorded videos mainly for learning, instead of real-time attendance of physiology learning activities. Most students also reported a negative experience of distance online learning of CVS physiology during the lockdown, and only a few students expressed connection with their instructor through the physiology learning activities. Students undertaking online learning and examination during the pandemic achieved comparably to the prior year’s cohort of PBL students learning in person and undertaking paper-based assessment. This indicates that our medical students preferred asynchronous learning during the pandemic confinement and that they sufficiently achieved their learning outcomes in CVS physiology, displaying resilience in their adaptation to the online learning and examination format.

Purpose This study aimed to explain the effective post-stroke adaptation behavior based on the Roy's adaptation model (RAM) through the patient experiences when undergoing the adaptation process after stroke. Methods This study was qualitative used a phenomenological approach. The participants were patients undergoing post-stroke recovery at home with the following inclusion criteria: post-discharge from the hospital 2–3 months, and in stable medical condition. The data were collected through in-depth interviews. The data analysis was performed through content analysis. We used Lincoln and Guba's criteria to establish the trustworthiness of the study. Results Three thematic categories structured the meaning of the stroke survivor's experience: (1) Problems after stroke; (2) Adaptive coping strategies and (3) Effective adaptation response. Conclusion A thematic analysis integrated with Roy's adaptation model generated an effective post-stroke adaptation model. We recommend the development of a family empowerment intervention framework to improve the adaptation behavior of stroke survivors.

Solar-powered irrigation system, a low-cost option, ensures varieties of co-benefits both in the domains of climate mitigation and adaptation, and thus has been incorporated as a part of climate project. However, its co-benefits in climate adaptation have not been sufficiently explored, which may result in a lack of insights about co-benefits and prevent wider roll-out and scaling-up. This paper aims at exploring co-benefits of solar-powered irrigation, an adaptation measure, taking a project in a drought-prone area of the northwest part of Bangladesh as a case. Using both interviews and focused group discussion, this research finds that besides generating co-benefits in climate mitigation, there are substantial adaptation co-benefits in various forms including vulnerability reduction and enhancement of resilience. However, many of the co-benefits in climate adaptation are indirect and less visible and realizable in the long-term, such as informal social group formation, improved financial strength, and employment opportunity. Making co-benefits more visible among various stakeholders, and launching a feed-in option may help to scale up solar-powered irrigation.

Climate adaptation is context specific, and inclusion of diverse forms of knowledge is crucial for developing resilient social–ecological systems. Emphasis on local inclusion is increasing, yet participatory approaches often fall short of facilitating meaningful engagement of diverse forms of knowledge. A central challenge is the lack of a comprehensive and comparative understanding of the social–ecological knowledge that various stakeholders use to inform adaptation decisions. We employed cultural consensus analysis to quantitatively measure and compare social–ecological knowledge within and across three stakeholder groups: government employees, researchers, and local residents in rural coastal Maryland. The results show that 1) local residents placed more emphasis on addressing socioeconomic and cultural changes than researchers and government employees, and 2) that the greatest variation in social–ecological knowledge was found among local residents. These insights yielded by cultural consensus analysis are beneficial for facilitating more inclusive adaptation planning for resilient social–ecological systems.

This article aims to review the main information taken into account for the update of the GESIDA PLWH quality indicators. Finally 54 indicators covering a major part of the clinical activity in PLWH were defined. They evaluate the detection and diagnosis of PLWH, their follow-up and prevention, initiation and adaptation of ART, women's specific aspects, comorbidities, hospitalization, and AIDS-related mortality.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the Syrian migrant women’s level of participation in social activities and to highlight the differences between Syria and Turkey in the context of adaptation to society, language skills, and gender. In this qualitative study, 26 Syrian migrant women who currently live in Izmir were interviewed. Four themes have emerged as a result of the obtained data: Activities that Syrian women participated in; barriers; supportive elements and activities they want to participate in. It has been revealed that factors such as socioeconomic status, time, having children, and changing gender roles with immigration play leading roles for participation in social activities. Additionally, their Turkish language skills and the time of their residency in Izmir have been influential on the adaptation to the environment.

In the wake of the Paris agreement, adaptation and mitigation efforts are underway to combat climate change. Despite the promulgation of environmental policies, rules and regulations, and the setting of local environmental regulations, the objectives of cleaner industrial production, and sustainable environmental management are still far from the targets set. However, the stringent implementation of environmental policy is equally important as the decree of environmental laws. Environmental conflicts between the government and industry may source from lenient or less strict policy implementation and/or weak administrative capacity of the governments’ agencies. The use of the government's inherent power can play a pivotal role in determining the preferences of the industry regarding environmental sustainability. This study proposes a power-asymmetric based negotiation strategy by incorporating formal mathematical formulations of the power-asymmetric preferences and stability concepts in the Graph Model for Conflict Resolution (GMCR). A case study of government-industry conflict is resolved to confirm the procedure and application of the proposed methodology. The analysis shows how the decision-maker – industry adjusts its preference when the government imposes strict environmental policy. It provides valuable strategic insights that use of government's inherent power in the stringent implementation of environmental policies is indispensable for cleaner industrial production and sustainable environmental management.

The ever-increasing need for real-time 3D perception for autonomy has resulted in development of a new generation of high-resolution perception sensors paired with powerful edge processors and advanced perception algorithms. However, processing of the large data volumes generated by such high-resolution sensors still imposes a great challenge for resource-limited edge devices and systems. In this work, we visit this problem in the context of pedestrian gait analysis using high-resolution mm-Wave sensors with application in autonomous driving. We propose reducing the total computational load of a resource-limited perception system by dynamically controlling the mm-Wave sensor's resolution on the fly. We provide results on three dynamic sensor adaptation approaches including an end-to-end Deep Q-Learning approach that can overcome the resource and performance limitations inherent to conventional static methods.

This paper explores the concept of adaptive research design, in which topic, theoretical framing, method, and data are in principle open to adaptation during the research process. The main premise is that adaptations in one element of the research process can trigger changes in other elements. Both positive and negative reasons for adaptivity are discussed along with various valid reasons for limiting adaptivity in particular cases. Grasping the different couplings between concepts, theories and methods is useful to discern the possibilities and limits of adaptive methodology in situ. To deepen the understanding of the adaptive capacity of methodology, we broaden the discussion to look at the embedding of methodology in academia and its disciplines. In our perspective, methods appear as devices structuring thinking and observation and are well used and placed if they enhance and enable the continuation of observation and reflection and if they allow the researcher to remain open for alternative observations and interpretations.

Problem setting. Studying of the experience of the leading economically advanced countries, their systems, mechanisms and models of the state regulation of innovative development of the commercial and industrial sphere of economy and their practical application is extremely important for solving the current and future problems and challenges facing the system of the state regulation of Ukraine.Recent research and publications analysis. The issue of studying the experience and approaches to the implementation of models of state regulation of innovative development of the world leading countries in its adaptation to today’s conditions and globalization challenges is still relevant for the system of the state regulation of Ukraine.Highlighting previously unsettled parts of the general problem lies in revealing the key features of models for the state regulation of innovative development of the commercial and industrial sphere of economy in the leading, economically advanced countries, and determining the areas of using this experience as a model for the state regulation of innovative development of the commercial and industrial sphere of the economy of Ukraine.Paper main body. When considering the methods of state support for innovation, the following approaches are emphasized: the European, American, and Japanese approaches to activation and regulation of innovation.As a positive experience for Ukraine, it is worth noting the regionalization of innovative development of the EU economies, in particular, creation of regional centers for the development of science – technopark structures, technopolises.In Ukraine, it would be appropriate to apply the following models and approaches to the structure of a comprehensive mechanism of the state regulation of innovative development: development of technology parks and cluster approach; modernization of the financial and economic mechanism of state regulation of innovative development, state encouragement of innovative development; a comprehensive program for developing joint research projects, which would cover all aspects of scientific life – from changes in programs for training specialists and employees to scientific and technical cooperation in high-tech fields.Conclusions of the research and prospects for further studies. A balanced system of the state regulation of innovative development of the commercial and industrial sphere of economy is a guarantee of state competitiveness and sustainable welfare of society. Given its position in the global rankings of innovations, Ukraine is still on the sidelines of this process; therefore the issue of adapting the experience of models and mechanisms of the state regulation of innovative development of the commercial and industrial sphere of the leading economically advanced countries, taking into account the national characteristics, becomes very important.

The ability to collaborate with previously unseen human teammates is crucial for artificial agents to be effective in human-agent teams (HATs). Due to individual differences and complex team dynamics, it is hard to develop a single agent policy to match all potential teammates. In this article, we study both human-human and HAT in a dyadic cooperative task, Team Space Fortress. Results show that the team performance is influenced by both players’ individual skill level and their ability to collaborate with different teammates by adopting complementary policies. Based on human-human team results, we propose an adaptive agent that identifies different human policies and assigns a complementary partner policy to optimize team performance. The adaptation method relies on a novel similarity metric to infer human policy and then selects the most complementary policy from a pretrained library of exemplar policies. We conducted human-agent experiments to evaluate the adaptive agent and examine mutual adaptation in HAT. Results show that both human adaptation and agent adaptation contribute to team performance.

The goal of this paper is to study the possibilities of states' adapting to the global trends of the digital transformation of the main spheres of life for survival and development in the conditions of the forming multipolar world as the basis of state management's quality and to develop a new methodology of increasing the state management's quality based on industrial and manufacturing engineering and the perspectives of drones. The authors offer a new treatment of state management's quality in a modern multipolar world, which equals state management's quality to economic system's adaptation to digitalization, the reflection of which is global competitiveness. The offered treatment specifies the economic essence of state management's quality, which is considered - for the first time - from the positions of external criteria - primarily, global digital competitiveness. For the methodological support for new treatment of state management's quality, the authors offer a perspective methodology of increase of this quality. This methodology is based on development of industrial and manufacturing engineering and reflects new perspectives of dissemination of drones. The offered scientific and methodological provision of the increase of state management's quality with the help of adaptation to digitalization is universal and very effective and allows diversifying the measures of increase of state management's quality.

Abstract. This research presents data on the Polish adaptation of the Need for Cognition Scale for Children and Adolescents ( Keller et al., 2016 ; Preckel & Strobel, 2017 ). Two samples of children, mostly from Grade 6 of primary school, were recruited ( N1 > 1,001, N2 > 433), as well as one sample of 130 child–parent pairs. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the nested factor structure suggested in previous studies ( Keller et al., 2016 ) is also replicated in the Polish sample. Scalar measurement invariance with regard to gender has been demonstrated. Scale scores show convergent and discriminant validity with learning/performance goals as well as traits from the Big Five Questionnaire for Children ( Cieciuch et al., 2016 ). Criterion-related validity with measures of leisure time interests in popular science, identification with science, and objectified cultural family capital is shown. Data confirm that the Polish version of the scale is suitable for use; nonetheless, some possible revisions of the scale are also discussed.

Summary Mental health research grapples with research waste and stunted field progression caused by inconsistent outcome measurement across studies and clinical settings, which means there is no common language for considering findings. Although recognising that no gold standard measures exist and that all existing measures are flawed in one way or another, anxiety and depression research is spearheading a common metrics movement to harmonise measurement, with several initiatives over the past 5 years recommending the consistent use of specific scales to allow read-across of measurements between studies. For this approach to flourish, however, common metrics must be acceptable and adaptable to a range of contexts and populations, and global access should be as easy and affordable as possible, including in low-income countries. Within a measurement landscape dominated by fixed proprietary measures and with competing views of what should be measured, achieving this goal poses a range of challenges. In this Personal View, we consider tensions between affordability, sustainability, consistency, and adaptability that, if not addressed, risk undermining the common metrics agenda. We outline a three-pronged way forward that involves funders taking more direct responsibility for measure development and dissemination; a move towards managing measure dissemination and adaptation via open-access measure hubs; and transitioning from fixed questionnaires to item banks. We argue that now is the time to start thinking of mental health metrics as 21st century tools to be co-owned and co-created by the mental health community, with support from dedicated infrastructure, coordinating bodies, and funders.

Transitions studies has much to offer to the study of climate adaptation. While there are several factors that explain why climate adaptation has not been the subject of sustainable transitions research historically, the process of adapting to climate impacts is well-suited to the analytical frameworks developed in transitions studies. Key areas where sustainable transitions research could contribute to adaptation include: the normative and directed nature of adaptation, cross-scalar politics associated with transformation, and the role of the private sector in adaptation. Similarly, adaptation research can inform the understanding of the role of disturbance and disasters in transitions, and increase attention to vulnerabilities, inequality and uneven impacts of transitions. Synergies between mitigation and adaptation, insights into the relationship between transitions and transformation, and just transitions are likely to be productive areas for collaborative engagement.

Previous studies emphasized the importance of balancing exploitation and exploration to achieve sustainable success in organizations in terms of organizational learning and adaptation. These studies also attach great importance to the antecedent and moderate, mediating, and control variables of innovation ambidexterity. However, only few researchers addressed the mechanisms or criteria of resource allocation for establishing a balance between exploitation and exploration. Previous studies showed that the allocation proportion of enterprise resources is associated with performance gap between the targeted performance and actual performance. These studies also showed that exploitative innovation and exploratory innovation can increase the level of knowledge and promote performance development. On the basis of the behavioral theory of the firm and resource-based view, this article investigates that resource allocation is affected by the relative performance rather than absolute levels of performance and how firm performance evolves from the creativity revelation processes through knowledge by balancing exploration and exploitation for established firms. A simulation is conducted. The result shows that exploratory innovation-oriented firms have better long-term performance than exploitative innovation-oriented firms. For exploratory innovation-oriented firms, the more sensitive on the performance gap, the better long-term performance, but for exploitative innovation-oriented firms, the less sensitive on the performance gap, the better long-term performance.

The Asia-Pacific region is extremely vulnerable to climate variability and change. This reflects high exposure to hydroclimatic hazards such as tropical cyclones, floods, droughts, and heatwaves. Rapidly growing cities and low-lying coastal zones/estuaries also face threats from sea level rise and storm surges. However, climate model projections remain very uncertain about most of these risks, so water infrastructure and operations need to consider a range of plausible futures. Against this background, the Asian Development Bank (ADB) has been developing frameworks, tools, and capacities in climate risk and adaptation assessment and management. Project teams are often operating in data-scarce situations and under significant time constraints, so the emphasis has been on creating pragmatic guidance and training resources. This paper charts the transition of climate risk management (CRM) within the ADB from a predominantly scenario-led to decision-led approach to adaptation. Examples are given of light-touch procedures for screening climate risks, strengthening the transparency and rigour of scenario analysis, raising awareness of a broad range of adaptation options, streamlining identification of CRM options, and embedding allowances for climate change in detailed engineering designs. Such practical innovations would benefit communities of practice beyond the Asia-Pacific region. HIGHLIGHTS Water infrastructure and operating rules must be adapted such that they continue to deliver intended benefits despite climate change.; The Asian Development Bank has been developing frameworks, tools, and capacity for climate risk assessment and adaptation investments.; Pragmatic procedures for screening climate risk are particularly helpful in information- and resource-constrained situations.

Connecting individual energy-related perceptions and behaviors to the larger climate system is a daunting task. What can individuals do to change the system itself? How do we perceive how much energy different activities use? Are there ways to improve our perceptions? How do we use behavioral science to motivate climate mitigation and adaptation policies? In this article, I review a body of work focusing on answering these questions. I discuss perceptions and motivations to transform energy use, and highlight some research projects of interest. In the policy area I discuss how behavioral science has aided and has still to be integrated into decarbonization policies. I end with several open research questions for the field.

Recent findings and emerging trends concerning the role of affect and emotion in climate change perceptions and judgments as well as their potential as drivers of sustainable action are reviewed. The affective responses people experience toward climate change are consistently found to be among the strongest predictors of risk perceptions, mitigation behavior, adaptation behavior, policy support, and technology acceptance. As correlational results do not imply that inducing affective states will necessarily lead to the corresponding changes in a target population, research efforts now should focus on establishing the causal pathways from affect and emotion towards climate action. Communication and intervention studies show that inducing both positive and negative emotions may under certain conditions promote sustainable behavior, but the field would benefit from a stronger integration of concepts and findings from affective psychology. Explicitly considering the mechanisms by which emotions influence decisions and actions may help design more efficient affective interventions.

Organized denial has played an outsize role in frustrating U.S. climate progress. At the same time, a constellation of national security experts, think tanks and defense personnel have promoted a c...

The topic of movie-to-play adaptation arrives with a history and esthetic all its own; however, despite the growth of adaptation studies in recent years to seriously consider the many different for...

A Little Princess is a novel written by Frances Hodgson Burnett (1905). This novel has been adapted several times into film, one of which is Alfonso Cuaron's (1995) work produced by Warner Bross Picture. This film was released in 1995 with the same title, "A Little Princess". This article focuses on the motives and ideologies of the adaptation process from novel to film. The changes that occur are a consequence of using media that change from text to screen scenes. This study will compare the intrinsic elements contained in novels and films. This research will also discuss how the transformation from novel adaptation to film and the motives. The adaptation theory by Linda Hutcheon (2006) was used to analyze the motives of adapting novels to films and will be supported by the theory of Mythology by Roland Barthes' (1957) to find ideology. Barthes' semiotic analysis helps the writer find the hidden ideology in the adaptation work, leading us to find the motive of the transformation process. As a result, the adaptation work of Alfonso Cuaron shows the existence of an ideology of feminism and American values. This ideology exists because of the cultural and political motives of the filmmaker to gain benefit from the process of adaptation. Keywords : adaptation, ideology, myth, motives.

Resilient adaptation among immigrant youth provides the foundation for healthy and productive adult lives. Great diversity is observed in their adaptation. This diversity has been studied during the past decade from different angles and intellectual traditions. However, the results are disconnected. In this paper, first, we present a resilience conceptual model for understanding immigrant youth adaptation. We argue that its concepts and principles allow us to best pull together what is known and discover what is still unknown. Together with narrower topic-specific conceptual models, it can guide the formulation of hypotheses regarding immigrant youth resilience. Second, we examine comparatively, through the lens of this conceptual model, results of a content analysis on the abstracts of studies on individual differences in immigrant youth adaptation, conducted during the past decade in North American and European countries. Finally, we discuss the meaning of acculturation-related terms which are often used in an inconsistent way.

The United States has witnessed waves of immigration throughout its history, with the current immigration policies regulated by the reforms enacted under President Lyndon Johnson in 1965. Immigrants now come from all over the world, with China and India supplying the largest numbers in science and engineering (S&E) fields. Although the US is seen as coping rather successfully with immigration from Europe, that is not the case with Asian immigration. Assimilation theorists have long argued that Asian immigrants face problems in adapting to the American culture and lifestyles; in contrast, multicultural theorists have hailed cultural diversity brought by Asian immigrants. Ethnic organizations can play an integral role in Asian immigrants’ adaptation and integration in the United States. Utilizing 40 in-depth interviews of Indian immigrant engineers working in the US technology companies, the present study examines if they belong to ethnic associations. If yes, why do they feel a need to belong to these associations? If no, why not? It further sheds light on their need to belong to such associations. The findings show that the need to belong to Indian associations varied with the stage of their lives, which can be depicted as a U-shaped curve.

With courses being moved online because of COVID-19, there is a need for exploring innovative and effective online teaching models. This article firstly introduces the pedagogical practice of the fully online flipped instruction (FOFI), an adaptation of the flipped classroom approach that is employed completely online, which has been adopted for EFL undergraduates in China during COVID-19 based on video conferencing and prior experience in Small Private Online Course (SPOC)-based flipped classrooms. A questionnaire and two focus group discussions were conducted to investigate students’ perceptions of this model. The data were collected and analysed quantitatively and qualitatively, which reveal their positive perception concerning teacher instruction, varied interaction, and multifunctional platforms. However, less motivated students hold contrasting opinions on learning platforms and online interaction. This study also demonstrates that students’ interests, self-regulation, and learning environment significantly affect learner experience and learning outcomes. The implications for the implementation of FOFI are further discussed. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Oxford Review of Education is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

PurposeAfter more than 18 months of life during a pandemic, much of the world is beginning to transition back to some semblance of normalcy. As that happens, institutions – including policing – need to acknowledge changes that had been made during the pandemic and decide what modifications and innovations, if any, to continue moving forward.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use semi-structured interviews and focus groups of police personnel in the United States (US) and Canada. The sample includes police officers and frontline supervisors (n = 20). The authors conduct qualitative analysis using deductive and inductive coding schemes.FindingsThe sample identified four areas of adaptation during the pandemic: 1) safety measures, 2) personnel reallocation, 3) impacts on training and 4) innovation and role adjustments. These areas of adaptation prompted several recommendations for transitioning police agencies out of the pandemic.Originality/valueA growing number of studies are addressing police responses to the pandemic. Virtually all are quantitative in nature, including all studies investigating the perceptions of police personnel. The body of perceptual studies is extraordinarily small and primarily focuses on police executives, ignoring the views of the rank-and-file who are doing the work of street-level police business. This is the first study to delve into the perceptions of this group, and does so using a qualitative approach that permits a richer understanding of the nuances of perception.

Despite the burgeoning of research on climate change, there are still significant gaps in our understanding of the antecedents of climate change and adaptation behavior. Drawing on a survey of coffee farmers in Honduras, this study explores the impact of climate change risk perception (CCRP) on adaptation behavior of coffee farmers and explores the mediating role of climate-related attitudinal factors and the moderating role of self-efficacy in the relationship between climate change risk perception and adaptation behavior. Data are analyzed in the partial least square structural equation model (PLS-SEM) (v 3.3.3). The findings of this study supported the hypothesized relationship between CCRP and adaptation behavior, mediated by climate-related attitudinal factors, such that, concern for climate change, skepticism, and feeling of powerlessness significantly mediate the underlying relationship between CCRP and adaptation behavior. Furthermore, the study found that self-efficacy significantly moderates the relationship between CCRP and adaptation behavior such that the relationship is more pronounced at high levels of self-efficacy and vice versa. In addition, the study also found significant interaction effect of self-efficacy in the indirect relationship between CCRP and adaptation behavior, mediated by attitudes towards climate change. Finally, the study presents significant implications for research and practice.

The result of the hybrid war in Donbass was the appearance in Ukraine of a large number of amputees. Prosthetics, as a special type of medical and socio-psychological assistance to victims, is associated not only with traumatology, orthopedics, reconstructive surgery, but also with the need to eliminate the consequences of combat mental trauma, relieve depressive conditions, and prevent PTSD. Full rehabilitation, habilitation of victims and their adaptation in society require an integrated approach and the involvement of military psychologists, sociologists and cultural scientists in this process. Culturological and pedagogical support of rehabilitation is a block of cultural, therapeutic and pedagogical educational directions and techniques that have therapeutic functions. These include: - educational forms and methods that help patients in rehabilitation and integration into society as full members of society; - informative and motivational techniques, which are carried out through the disclosure of positive prospects for rehabilitation and habilitation, both at the individual and at the group level; - culturological and socio-pedagogical work to involve victims in the health-improving, physical and sports field of activity in order to mobilize the reserve capabilities of amputees and stimulate their adaptive processes; - art therapy exercises as auxiliary methods of therapeutic and rehabilitation therapy aimed at developing motor activity, spatial orientation, overcoming lack of movement, aggression and other negative psychological manifestations of feelings and emotions, forming an aesthetic environment; - qualified and meaningful organization of leisure and relaxation, as the most important components in ensuring a high quality of life. Since prosthetics only partially helps in the psychological rehabilitation of persons with disabilities, modern designers are turning prostheses into an innovative and fashionable accessory. This concept is designed to help amputees find a positive in their position. Cultural and pedagogical support of the rehabilitation process contributes to the formation of motivation for successful adaptation in society, helps in solving the life problems of disabled people.

This article attempts to describe and then explain a set of viewing encounters with a four-minute sequence in the film adaptation of Brokeback Mountain (Brokeback Mountain 2006), directed by Ang Le...

Undergraduate research experience has been proven to improve student learning and retention. Since 2018, Oregon State University Department of Wood Science and Engineering has offered Research and Extension Experiences for Undergraduates (REEU) through support from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Education and Workforce Development program. Between 2018 and 2020, 31 undergraduate students conducted research and/or gained experience in Extension projects during a 12-wk summer internship. The goal of this work is to assess the success of mentor–mentee relationships and how the program benefits the mentees’ career. Data for this research consists of transcribed interviews of seven mentor–mentee pairs. Transcripts are qualitatively analyzed to capture insights regarding participants’ experiences in the program. Students who participated in the REEU program improved their research skills and soft skills such as adaptation, writing, and communication. As a result of their participation, students are more likely to attend graduate school.

In this paper I try to defend contemporary art (avant-garde and post-modern) from the criticism of evolutionary aesthetics. Referring to selected theses put forward by Jerzy Luty in his book Art as Adaptation. Universalism in Evolutionary Aesthetics (2018), I propose an alternative to them in the form of philosophical anthropology (Gehlen) and evolutionary theory considered as bricolage (Jacob). Above all, I challenge the hypotheses of the evolutionarily and biologically adaptive function of art and the condition of pleasure it must necessarily provide.

The publication of Jerzy Luty’s book is a very good opportunity to look at the achievements of contemporary evolutionary aesthetics. In Jerzy Luty’s book one can find not only a successful and accurate presentation of the views of E. Dissaneyake and D. Dutton, but also the discussion of a number of difficult problems arising from the analysis of the nature and function of art from the evolutionary point of view. One such problem is undoubtedly the problem of the universalism of art, while another is the problem of art as adaptation. In the paper, I discuss and analyse the original solutions to the problems of universalism and the adaptive nature of art proposed by the author of the discussed book.

The text, commenting on The Art Instinct: Beauty, Pleasure, and Human Evolution by Denis Dutton, and the premises contained in it that aesthetic preferences derive from individual and social adaptation mechanisms, will attempt to consider the aspect of the usefulness of art less emphasised by Denis Dutton as a tool for developing and deepening individual perceptual competences. The effective functioning of the nervous system, including efficient handling of individual senses (i.e. the degree of sensitivity to stimuli) and the ability to critically analyse them, provides organisms not only with spatial orientation, but also allows them to plan and predict potential cause-effect sequences.

Purpose: the purpose of the study was to study and summarize the features of marketing activities in the field of state order as a specific procurement activity, on the one hand, and on the other hand, as a special type of economic activity of the state and its structures. Discussion: the public procurement system is an important part of the work of the state mechanism, which allows all its functions and tasks to be realized. However, when entering the market of goods, works and services as a major buyer (customer), the state must adapt to market laws and realities for the sake of preserving the positive characteristics of the existing economic system and economic situation. The most important tool for such adaptation is marketing as a set of concepts, methods and ways of managing thr activities of the organization in market conditions. Results: the main characteristics of the procurement system for meeting state needs, the tasks of the contract system and the principles of its functioning were considered to substantiate its specificity as a special economic activity. The authors identified a number of features that are integrated, objectively inherent in this activity properties, which made it possible to conclude that the adaptation of theoretical concepts and practical tools of classical marketing to the needs of the state is inevitable. The tasks and functional areas of marketing in the sphere of state order are also formulated, based on the classical "commercial" understanding of the meaning of the enterprise's work in market conditions, but taking into account the peculiarities of the functioning of the state as a market entity. Particular attention is paid to the available options for the distributing of marketing functions among officials involved in the procurement system. The general conclusion is made that the possibilities and methods of using marketing technologies by the state customer are determined by the peculiarities of the functioning of the state within the framework of the economic system, as well as the public procurement market itself.

Pandemi COVID-19 telah mengurangi 2,3 juta peluang lapangan pekerjaan di Indonesia. Karir siswa SMK dinilai terancam karena lulusannya menyumbang tingkat pengangguran tertinggi di Indonesia, sehingga perlu ada usaha penyesuaian diri dalam merencanakan karir di masa depan. Penelitian ini menegakkan asumsi agar memiliki adaptabilitas karir yang kuat, siswa SMK perlu memiliki kepribadian proaktif yang mendorongnya untuk berinisiatif melakukan perubahan. Selanjutnya proses tersebut perlu dimediasi oleh kemampuan untuk bertahan menghadapi kesulitan (resiliensi). Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap 686 orang siswa SMK di Indonesia menggunakan alat ukur Career Adapt-Abilities Scale International Form (CAAS-IF) untuk adaptabilitas karir, Proactive Personality Scale Short Form (PPS-SF) untuk kepribadian proaktif dan The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) untuk resiliensi. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa kepribadian proaktif memiliki hubungan yang positif dan signifikan dengan adaptabilitas karir (c’ = 0,384, SE = 0,087, p < 0,001). Diketahui pula adanya efek mediasi secara parsial oleh resiliensi (c’ = 0,384 < c = 1,283). Penelitian ini dapat menjadi acuan pentingnya memperkuat layanan Bimbingan Karir yang memberikan informasi karir diluar bidang yang tersedia di SMK.

У статті досліджуються поняття «педагогічні умови формування», «управлінська компетентність фахівців фізичної культури», а також з’ясовується сучасний стан їх сформованості. Проаналізовано і з’ясовано, що педагогічні умови формування – це необхідні і достатні обставини підготовки, що забезпечують кінцеву мету. Аналіз наукових праць фахівців дозволяє зробити висновок, що майбутня діяльність фахівця фізичної культури і спорту, а фактично і управлінська компетентність передбачає, що під час професійної підготовки ми повинні її сформувати, що дозволить більш ефективно використовувати творчий, фізичний та інтелектуальний потенціал в теперішніх умовах праці, виконуючи професійні функції на фоні високого рівня ділових і особистісних якостей, в керуванні процесами та людьми.

Abdulaziz A Qurashi,1 Rashed K Alanazi,1 Yasser M Alhazmi,1 Ahmed S Almohammadi,1 Walaa M Alsharif,1 Khalid M Alshamrani2,3 1Diagnostic Radiology Technology Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia; 2College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; 3King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Abdulaziz A QurashiDiagnostic Radiology Technology, Taibah University, Madinah, 42353, Saudi ArabiaTel +966 14 861 8888 Ext. 3603Email aaqurashi@taibahu.edu.saPurpose: Artificial intelligence (AI) in radiology has been a subject of heated debate. The external perception is that algorithms and machines cannot offer better diagnosis than radiologists. Reluctance to implement AI maybe due to the opacity in how AI applications work and the challenging and lengthy validation process. In this study, Saudi radiology personnel’s familiarity with AI applications and its usefulness in clinical practice were investigated.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Saudi Arabia among radiology personnel from March to April 2021. Radiology personnel nationwide were surveyed electronically using Google form. The questionnaire included 12-questions related to AI usefulness in clinical practice and participants’ knowledge about AI and their acceptance level to learn and implement this technology into clinical practice. Participants’ trust level was also measured; Kruskal–Wallis test was used to examine differences between groups.Results: A total of 224 respondents from various radiology-related occupations participated in the survey. The lowest trust level in AI applications was shown by radiologists (p = 0.033). Eighty-two percent of participants (n = 184) had never used AI in their departments. Most respondents (n = 160, 71.4%) reported lack of formal education regarding AI-based applications. Most participants (n = 214, 95.5%) showed strong interest in AI education and are willing to incorporate it into the clinical practice of radiology. Almost half of radiography students (22/46, 47.8%) believe that their job might be at risk due to AI application (p = 0.038).Conclusion: Radiology personnel’s knowledge of AI has a significant impact on their willingness to learn, use and adapt this technology in clinical practice. Participants demonstrated a positive attitude towards AI, showed a reasonable understanding and are highly motivated to learn and incorporate it into clinical practice. Some participants felt that their jobs were threatened by AI adaptation, but this belief might change with good training and education programmes.Keywords: artificial intelligence, AI-based applications, radiology, radiologists, imaging modalities

Increasing temperatures will make space cooling a necessity for maintain comfort and protecting human health, and rising income levels will allow more people to purchase and run air conditioners. Here we show that, in Brazil, India, Indonesia, and Mexico income and humidity-adjusted temperature are common determinants for adopting air-conditioning, but their relative contribution varies in relation to household characteristics. Adoption rates are higher among households living in higher quality dwellings in urban areas, and among those with higher levels of education. Air-conditioning is unevenly distributed across income levels, making evident the existence of a disparity in access to cooling devices. Although the adoption of air-conditioning could increase between twofold and sixteen-fold by 2040, from 64 to 100 million families with access to electricity will not be able to adequately satisfy their demand for thermal comfort. The need to sustain electricity expenditure in response to higher temperatures can also create unequal opportunities to adapt., Adaptation to heat stress through the use of air conditioners has received increasing attention. Here the authors show that income and humidity adjusted temperature are common determinants for adopting air conditioning, but their relative contribution varies in relation to household characteristics.

Purpose: Due to the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak and an increasing share of technology, there has been a shift to online higher education. It was considered justified to know the assessment of the quality of teaching in changing conditions, particularly the influence of the human factor and technology. The research aimed to identify the most important factors determining students' expectations of the teaching process during the COVID-19 pandemic. Approach/Methodology/Design: The study was based on the classical experimental design. The empirical material was collected using online surveys (Computer-Assisted Web Interview). Data were statistically analyzed using factor analysis and the test of the homogeneity of variance. Findings: The students found the most critical determinants of the learning process related to the lecturer and then to the technology, confirmed by the model using factor analysis. Data analysis also shows that there are differences in the assessment between blended and online students. Practical Implications: Managing the teaching process requires mindfulness and adaptation to dynamic changes, as well as investment in lecturers' skills and solutions used in an international environment. The results may be useful for the implementation of systemic solutions in higher education in times of social isolation. Originality/Value: The proposed solutions should contribute to remodeling the teaching process at universities.

PURPOSE: The aim of the article is to define the role of remote education in the process of educating students, their course and adaptation to the conditions of Covid-19 pandemic., DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: The research was conducted by means of the diagnostic survey method, using the CSAQ (computerized self-administered questionnaire) technique in June 2020 on a randomly selected sample of 1533 students studying in Poland., FINDINGS: The obtained data was analyzed. The results of the analysis confirmed that the distance education implemented in 2020/2021 in the entire educational program was accepted in the situation of the Covid-19 pandemic by over one third of the respondents. Students must devote more time to it than in the traditional form, and there are also factors that hinder it. Also, more than a third of respondents are in favor of participation in perspective in all education and 60% in distance learning., PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The article shows that remote education is already a regular type of education. The Covid-19 pandemic meant that practically the entire program for students at that time was implemented in the remote formula. Its implementation required both legal and organizational solutions, and all the competences were granted. Thus, it has been proved that remote education is widely used in the education of students in lifelong learning. Its share in the education process will be significant. It requires competences, but also significantly influences the shaping of competences, while it requires systematic monitoring., ORIGINALITY/VALUE: The article shows that in the process of education in an emergency, which is probably a pandemic, it is justified to use the classical concept of education, but also remote education. This training should be present in the normal learning process. However, in emergency situations, e.g., during the pandemic, its contribution is significant, or even comprehensive, and may last for a considerable period. Such a situation requires new competences, which influences the shaping of new ones required for social functioning during the pandemic., peer-reviewed

Abstract. The Coparenting Relationship Scale (CRS) is a 35-item parent-reported questionnaire designed to assess the quality of the coparental relationship. It was designed in the United States and validated in English. We present in this article a French adaptation of the CRS. A total of 399 participants from the French-speaking part of Switzerland (146 fathers, 253 mothers) completed the questionnaire. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the theoretically grounded seven-factor structure of the original instrument was valid to explain the structure of the Swiss data. Metric measurement invariance was achieved when comparing mothers and fathers, but only configural invariance was achieved when comparing the original US sample and the Swiss sample. Intercultural differences may possibly explain this result. Convergent validity was tested against parent-reported task sharing and health-related issues in children. Results of multiple hierarchical regression analyses showed theoretically coherent links between the dimensions of the French version and these variables. The French version of the CRS is thus a valid instrument to assess the coparental relationship.