Search

A lost navigator must identify its current location and recover its facing direction to restore its bearings. We tested the idea that these two tasks--place recognition and heading retrieval--might be mediated by distinct cognitive systems in mice. Previous work has shown that numerous species, including young children and rodents, use the geometric shape of local space to regain their sense of direction after disorientation, often ignoring nongeometric cues even when they are informative. Notably, these experiments have almost always been performed in single-chamber environments in which there is no ambiguity about place identity. We examined the navigational behavior of mice in a two-chamber paradigm in which animals had to both recognize the chamber in which they were located (place recognition) and recover their facing direction within that chamber (heading retrieval). In two experiments, we found that mice used nongeometric features for place recognition, but simultaneously failed to use these same features for heading retrieval, instead relying exclusively on spatial geometry. These results suggest the existence of separate systems for place recognition and heading retrieval in mice that are differentially sensitive to geometric and nongeometric cues. We speculate that a similar cognitive architecture may underlie human navigational behavior.

For the socially conscious teacher working in diverse classrooms, conversation can surface and productively engage the politics of difference. Poststructuralist discourse analysis and/or positionin...

Previous literature has focused on the antecedents of place attachment and the effects on place satisfaction and place loyalty. However, little is known about the relationship between emotional place branding and place attachment. This study analyses the process of creating an emotional city brand in order to promote emotional bonds and achieve resident and visitor place attachment. The northern Portuguese town of Viana do Castelo was chosen as case study to conduct a mixed-method approach. The authors conducted document analysis regarding the creation of the city brand and interviewed a city councillor to understand the way it was managed. A notable resident and a notable visitor with a strong bond with the city were also interviewed. Then the authors developed a focus group with heterogeneous profiles of residents and visitors in order to understand their perceptions of the city’s image. Finally, place attachment was measured through a survey, with a sample of 285 respondents. The results not only show good acceptance of the city brand by residents and visitors but also reveal expectations of a more engaging and active communication strategy to achieve affective commitment. Place attachment is strong, especially concerning emotional factors, suggesting that city branding strategies evoking emotional bonds may reinforce place attachment. Place identity is stronger than place dependence as regards residents and visitors.

Purpose Immigration is considered a stressful process that causes many problems such as social isolation, prejudice, unemployment, minority status and intergenerational tensions. This study aims to determine the opinions of the leaders of Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) in Germany about the experiences of individuals who immigrated from Turkey to Germany. Design/methodology/approach In this study, a qualitative method was used. This study was conducted between April and May 2014 with leaders of CSOs who were living in Germany. Informed consent forms were signed by all the participants. Purposeful sampling was used to select the leaders of CSOs to be included in the sample. In-depth interviews were conducted using a semi-structured interview format. The data reached saturation for the 30 leaders of CSOs. The data were collected through in-depth interviews and evaluated through thematic analysis. Findings Four main themes were identified: “Difficulties experienced”, “Recommendations to cope with/solve the difficulties experienced,” “Medical tourism” and “Use of health services.” Research limitations/implications This study has some limitations that should be taken into consideration during the interpretation of the results. A majority of the leaders of CSOs had bachelor’s degrees, and were middle-aged and older, which might affect the variety required in qualitative studies. Thus, it remains unclear whether the results could be generalized to all Turkish immigrants in Germany. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first qualitative study conducted with different Turkish CSO leaders living in Germany. This study outlines perspectives of CSO leaders’ migration-related challenges that Turkish immigrants struggle with to integrate into German societies. As a consequence, Turkish immigrants’ socio-cultural values, beliefs, difficulties they experienced, and legal rights should be taken into consideration in health care and tourism interactions. Possible found experiences could help to provide evidence on how to improve migrants’ situations.

Purpose One major challenge for urban planners and policymakers is how to strengthen and establish connections between humans and the environment. Evidence suggests that the physical characteristics of the environment enhance both place identity and user satisfaction. This study aims to investigate the mediating role of place identity in the relationship between place quality and user satisfaction in two waterfronts in Penang, Malaysia. However, only few studies have examined the impact of place quality on user satisfaction in waterfronts as natural outdoor recreation spaces. Design/methodology/approach A sample of 300 users was analysed via structural equation modelling, and results show that place quality is a second-order construct with three main dimensions. Findings These results support the theoretical findings in the literature that associate high place quality and place identity with user satisfaction. These results also support the mediating role of place identity in the relationship between place quality and satisfaction and can help policymakers create inclusive and attractive waterfronts that catalyse place identity and user satisfaction. Originality/value Place quality is an essential need for urban life with significant and extensive effects on the lives of residents nowadays. Organising physical activities can help attract more users to waterfronts and consequently increase their level of satisfaction. Local authorities, non-governmental organisations and local communities should also help in monitoring and maintaining the waterfronts.

This investigation aims to study the perception of “foreign” tourists regarding the destination image of Luanda, thus evaluating the impact of place identity, optimal distinctiveness and authenticity on positive and negative emotions and how these emotions can influence satisfaction, affective attachment and the intention to revisit. For the analysis of statistical data, the Structural Equation Model was used. Results were based on a sample of 252 tourists. This research showed that place identity influences positive and negative emotions, while optimal distinctiveness and authenticity only impact the positive emotions of the tourist. It was further evidenced that positive and negative emotions have a positive influence on satisfaction, but only positive emotions have an impact on affective attachment and intention to revisit. This investigation shows how positive and negative emotions may link the tourists’ perceptions when visiting Luanda to the relationship they want to maintain with the city and to their willingness to return.

The article argues that geographies are discursive constructs, designed to mobilize the crowd through the collective sense made by political leaders. Accordingly, this study seeks to examine the ways in which the leaders of the Justice and Development Party (AKP) have mobilized voters by means of re-instituting geography during election campaigns. It contributes to investigating the political mobilization of the AKP by appealing to attachment of geography. The findings demonstrate three main narratives: the construction of geographical perception, place satisfaction, and the imagination of place identity with the “chameleonic nature” of populism. In brief words, the article explores the ways in which the AKP leaders have leveraged geographic beliefs, stimulating the “we-ness,” in mobilizing.

This paper aims to analyse new architectural works that were created within the ruins of castles and fortifications. The contribution addresses the question whether it is possible to indicate common features in these types of objects, by studying what changed and how it changed in the complexes of historic ruins by introducing a new layer: a new form in their space. The analysis covers eight complexes of castle ruins located in Europe, all being important elements of local historical heritage, all preserved in their historical forms as permanent ruins. Such places are characterised by high imageability, which is conducive to maintaining interest, despite political or ideological changes. The need to introduce new functions, which is connected with this interest, raises questions related to preserving the identity and authenticity of the place, while at the same time building relationships with modern architecture. The research concerned examples from Europe, mostly post-competition works. Research and analysis have shown that all the objects are characterised by well thought-out urban solutions and carefully selected locations of new buildings within the existing historic ruins, thereby helping maintain the structural order between the existing and the new spatial forms. Interventions within the castle ruins were carried out using modern architectural language, using modern techniques and solutions, with great attention to detail. They are characterised by the abstraction of new forms and the creative reinterpretation of existing architectural elements and material solutions of the monuments. The consciously applied contrast of forms and materials means that the historical heritage is being rediscovered, enriched with new, currently necessary functions. In all the described works, the introduction of new spatial experiences within existing objects constituted a significant value. The examples analysed show that the experience and analysis of the broadly understood historical, urban and architectural context are conducive to the creation of valuable architectural works. The characteristics of these examples may contribute to a broader debate on the dialogue between historical heritage and contemporary architecture.

This article examines the relationship between golf activities and tourist perceptions and intentions using data from 592 golf tourists on Hainan Island, China. The results obtained from structural equation modeling show that the attractiveness of the destination can improve the identity of the location, and both factors significantly increase the travel intentions of golf tourists (i.e. revisit intentions and word-of-mouth recommendations). The results also show that place identity has significant mediating effects between destination attractiveness and travel intentions. In addition, the results reveal that the disposable income of golf tourists has significant moderating effects on the attractiveness of the destination, the identity of the destination, and the intention to revisit. This study has some important economic implications for golf destination management. Golf course managers can improve the attractiveness of the destination and strengthen the identity of the location to enhance the behavioral intentions of golf tourists.

On November 14, 2016 an earthquake struck the rural districts of Kaikōura and Hurunui on New Zealand's South Island. The region—characterized by small dispersed communities, a local economy based on tourism and agriculture, and limited transportation connections—was severely impacted. Following the quake, road and rail networks essential to maintaining steady flows of goods, visitors, and services were extensively damaged, leaving agrifood producers with significant logistical challenges, resulting in reduced productivity and problematic market access. Regional tourism destinations also suffered with changes to the number, characteristics, and travel patterns of visitors. As the region recovers, there is renewed interest in the development and promotion of agrifood tourism and trails as a pathway for enhancing rural resilience, and a growing awareness of the importance of local networks. Drawing on empirical evidence and insights from a range of affected stakeholders, including food producers, tourism operators, and local government, we explore the significance of emerging agrifood tourism initiatives for fostering diversity, enhancing connectivity, and building resilience in the context of rural recovery. We highlight the motivation to diversify distribution channels for agrifood producers, and strengthen the region's tourism place identity. Enhancing product offerings and establishing better links between different destinations within the region are seen as essential. While such trends are common in rural regions globally, we suggest that stakeholders' shared experience with the earthquake and its aftermath has opened up new opportunities for regeneration and reimagination, and has influenced current agrifood tourism trajectories. In particular, additional funding for tourism recovery marketing and product development after the earthquake, and an emphasis on greater connectivity between the residents and communities through strengthening rural networks and building social capital within and between regions, is enabling more resilient and sustainable futures.

There is an emerging area of research that examines men’s personal disaster accounts, including how gender identities and sets of understandings about masculinities shape response and recovery. Thi...

Tourism destination literature identifies place identity and place dependence as prominent dimensions of place attachment. Despite their importance, only limited research has been carried out to ex...

Amid the global dilemma of youth unemployment, youth entrepreneurship has had an important impact on social, cultural and economic progress, and various countries have actively promoted relevant frameworks and strategies. Taiwan has many cultural assets whose original functions are no longer preserved. Fortunately, the public sector has thought a variety of redevelopment strategies to promote sustainable development, and new functions and usage patterns for these sites have emerged. However, there is a lack of research investigating the links between youth entrepreneurship, community participation and place attachment in local-development projects: a gap that this paper intends to fill. Against the backdrop of one such project, this study discusses the interrelationships of youth entrepreneurship, community participation, place dependence and place identity. Its results indicate that the different personal backgrounds of young entrepreneurs had little or no bearing on the extent of their community participation, place dependence or place identity. However, such community participation had a moderately positive correlation with place dependence and place identity, leading the authors to conclude that the participation of a community of young entrepreneurs brings new opportunities for local development that transcend the mere reduction of youth unemployment. That is, in addition to maintaining and preserving historic spaces, it boosts both sustainable development and diversity in the broader local community. They also calls for future research to assess whether community participation influences place attachment in other parts of the world.

Although slow cities offer critical forms of sustainable tourism on a global scale, little empirical research has investigated how the performance of pro-sustainable Cittaslow destinations is benef...

Architecture reflects the lifestyle and the culture of the society. It shows how people are living in a particular community. One perceives the traditional architecture of any region where one can see the simplicity of this architecture and the smart usage of the surrounding environment materials. This study aims to explore traditional architecture in Jordan by studying building sites, space planning of the interior space, and building materials to understand the sustainability factors implemented in the traditional architecture in Jordan. Three traditional houses in the city of Irbid-Jordan were observed and analyzed through the building site, space planning of the interior space, and building materials used. The analysis has shown that many sustainable factors and methods were implemented in the traditional houses in Irbid city. Considering the age of those buildings, the builder did not have an in-depth knowledge of sustainability concepts, and they were working based on their experience and climate knowledge. This study's results can help create an index of sustainability for traditional architectural heritage, which will enhance the process of creating sustainable buildings without losing the place identity and staying in the same cultural context.

Background and Aim: Lack of identity and a sense of attachment to housing are some of the hidden problems that enhance long-term feelings of hopelessness in the inhabitants of these environments. The mental-emotional relationship with the environment leads to the increase of the environment life quality. The purpose of this study is to be aware of mental quality of housing in the inhabitants of Zahedan independent housing and to identify the qualitative factors influencing the residents' identity in their residential environment. Materials and Method: The purpose of this study was applied in terms of purpose and survey in terms of method. The research instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire and its validity was confirmed by face validity and its reliability coefficient was 0.78 using Cronbach's alpha test. The statistical population of the study consisted of residents of some areas in Zahedan city and the sample size was 240 that were distributed and completed. Findings and Results: The hypotheses test showed that the variables such as attachment to place, satisfaction, sense of belonging, explain the semantic dimension of place identity and have a significant and positive relationship with the form quality of housing is affected by the cognitive dimensions of residents. The results showed that the mean of individuals' identity to their living space was 1 5 which was higher than average. The results indicate that the significance level of the test for all variables except memory is less than 5% error level. It can be said that the degree of identity of sense of attachment to place and satisfaction varies in different regions, but the degree of memory in different regions is not different. The LSD post hoc test was also applied to investigate whether identity, sense of belonging, attachment to place, and satisfaction were different in the two regions. Finally, the results showed that there was a significant difference in identity in some regions.

The peripheral districts of Moscow are ambiguously perceived by residents in terms of communication with the city center. The residential identification of their district in the city as a center-peripheral system is distorted under the influence of the features of the local context. Using the example of Yasenevo district, this article answers the following questions: what are the differences between the representation of the district by its residents and the conditionally objective characteristics of its socio-economic situation? What are the possible reasons for these differences? The research paper provides a better understanding of a number of significant differences in the socio-economic characteristics of Yasenevo’s location on the edge of the city and their perception. Considerably the most significant reasons for these differences are the historical context of the area’s development and the existing subjective perceptions of residents about Yasenevo as a young and green district, which are only partially confirmed by statistics. Because of its location and partial isolation, the district is not perceived by residents as an urban periphery in the context of city-wide central-peripheral relations, but represents a similar system itself due to its unique planning structure.

The cannabis tourism market has seen tremendous growth in recent years. However, research activities by academic scholars and industry professionals have barely scratched the surface to explore this emerging tourism segment. This study addresses the gap by comparing resident perceptions on cannabis tourism in two states, Colorado and Oregon. A quantitative survey was distributed to Colorado (n = 254) and Oregon (n = 165) residents. Results of the study revealed that the respondents in each state appear to have different views on perceived impact from, benefit of, and support level for cannabis tourism. Overall, Colorado residents' attachment was higher than Oregon respondents. Additionally, Colorado residents showed that if they had a higher place identity, they were less likely to perceive negative impacts. In a similar context, the study results also confirmed that there was a stronger causal relationship between respondents' perceived impact and support for cannabis tourism among Colorado respondents than Oregon respondents, indicating that Colorado residents' support for cannabis tourism was more significantly influenced by their perceived positive and negative impact levels than Oregon respondent. Considering the continued evolvement in the legal and economic landscapes of cannabis tourism, policy makers and industry professionals should engage in continual conversations on how to plan and manage this new tourism segment for community and state development.

Although there is increasing interest in place and destination branding, the inter‐disciplinary nature of the field poses challenges for the development of a coherent knowledge base. With a view to informing both research and practice, this article presents a systematic review combining place and destination branding, identifying and defining its core themes, and developing a conceptual map of the inter‐play between them. The following key themes are identified: general, brand identity, image and personality, politics, heritage, communication/media, country‐of‐ origin, and designscape and infrastructure. The article concludes with an agenda for further research including the need for research on specific themes across a wider range of place entities.

Political scientists are accustomed to imagining electoral politics in geographical terms. For instance, there is a “red America” that largely covers the country’s expansive heartland and there is a “blue America” mostly confined to the coasts. Until recently, however, public opinion scholars had largely lost sight of the fact that the places where people live, and people’s identification with those places, shape public opinion and political behavior. This paper develops and validates a flexible psychometric scale measure of a key political psychological dimension of place: place resentment. Place resentment is hostility toward place-based outgroups perceived as enjoying undeserved benefits beyond those enjoyed by one’s place-based ingroup. Regression results indicate that males, ruralites, younger Americans, those high in place identity, and those high in racial resentment are more likely to harbor higher levels of place resentment.

As websites have become increasingly popular as a source of information for customers, place websites can play a critical role in the choices potential visitors/tourists make about destinations. This study aims at understanding how the dialogic communication potential of four African destinations' place websites relates to destination image from the perspective of potential visitors/tourists. The study employed a quantitative research approach for data collection and analyses. Specifically, data was analysed using the structural equation modelling approach. The dialogic communication principles of a website serve as an antecedent to forming customer perceptions about a destination. The destination image impression of a country positively relates to visiting intentions; an indication that perceived destination image is another antecedent of visiting intentions. Place websites have surprisingly not adequately featured in academic and practitioner interrogation with respect to brand marketing and communications and this paper is one of the attempts to address this research lacuna. Significant implications for researchers and managers promoting destinations have been highlighted.

The concept of place branding in this paper is examined in respect to place identity. More specifically, it is argued that poems and songs are cultural elements of place identity that can help in the place branding process. Poetry and especially that set to music offers a powerful cross-platform that enables communication among people, creating common understanding and bridging linguistic and cultural differences. Greece has reached a juncture where the sun and sea model, on which it had based its tourist campaign in the past, is not sufficient anymore. Thus, it must face the options of altering its current product. Towards this direction, the present paper focuses on poetry, lyrics, and song as viable alternatives that can help reformulate the country’s projected identity and image. Representative examples of Greek poetry in general and of Greek poetry set to music in particular are analyzed and examined in this vein.

There is growing recognition of the importance of local governance, for both self-determination and the quality of decision-making. While many authors acknowledge the potential of local governments...

Citation: Galkin К. (2020) Young Physicians in the City and in the Countryside: Features of Professional Identity. Mir Rossii, vol. 29, no 3, pp. 142–161 (in Russian). DOI: 10.17323/1811-038X-2020-29-3-142-161 Doctors have many identifiers of their profession: ethical codes and standards, an educational system, uniforms, professional language, professional associations, communication rituals and a hierarchical structure within the profession itself. But how does professional identity and the perceptions of the profession change in the context of environmental differences in settlements of different sizes? This study investigates the professional identity of young physicians in the locations where they practice, and presents professional activity not as a functionalist paradigm of society or the local community, but as the construction of their professional identity. The key components of professional identity considered are autonomy and motivational factors, which are the reference categories for their identity. The study is based on interviews with young physicians who work in outpatient clinics in cities or villages, or in rural dispensaries. The informants are aged from 27 to 32 years. The study showed that being a doctor is in many ways an urban profession; the city and the identity of a physician are associated with membership of professional communities and professional life. Rural areas have a unique social ecology and special social relations which blurs the demarcation line between professional identity and place identity. This creates difficulties in motivating physicians and in understanding the individual’s professional affiliation. A solution to the problem could be the creation of professional communities of young physicians in rural areas, the creation of opportunities and spaces for marking their professional identity in leisure activities, and special training for those working in rural areas.

PurposeThis study examines the relationship between authentic experience and festival identity as well as place identity among tourists visiting the 2018 Lugang Dragon Boat Festival, one of the largest traditional cultural festivals in Taiwan and the festival with the longest history.Design/methodology/approachUsing an on-site survey with convenience sampling, a total of 1,360 valid questionnaires were collected in Lugang Township, a well-known, popular heritage tourism destination in Taiwan. The study also applies structural equation modeling to examine the proposed research model.FindingsThe findings of this study establish that the investigated authentic experience has relationships with image, value, satisfaction and identity, thus filling a research gap. In accordance with the theoretical model, the experience of authenticity affects satisfaction through festival image and festival value and strengthens both the attendee's perception of festival identity and place identity.Originality/valueThis research has both theoretical and managerial values. Regarding its theoretical implications, the study explains the relation between authentic experience and festival and place identity. Thus, it fills a research gap resulting from insufficient academic interest in the relationship between festival satisfaction and the formation of festival and place identity. Regarding its managerial implications, to achieve sustainable festival development, festival information services, programs, souvenirs, food and facilities and the convenience of festival activities should be strengthened.

Placemaking is a valuable place-based development and integration tool in rural communities. This study examines how placemaking processes and outputs are associated with residents’ bonds with local places through survey data collected in rural communities in Indiana. Results reveal that policy communication and localized public spaces design are critical for increasing residents’ place dependence and place identity. These findings help pinpoint how local governments utilize placemaking in rural communities to effectively strengthen residents’ ownership of public spaces while further providing implications for residents’ empowerment and community planning in local governance scholarship.

There is a growing interest among urban planners in identifying and reinforcing key features that differentiate a city from others. At a local level, neighbourhoods are increasingly positio...

Indonesia Art Institute of Yogyakarta is one of well- known art college in Indonesia. This institution has graduated many Indonesian famous artists. Located at Sewon, Bantul, this institution has a significant effect on the suburban area development of the institution surrounding area. The art atmosphere of surrounding area shaped by Art-activities that happened there. Many formal or informal artspace also located there stimulate the activities to become intense and sustain. Beside that One thing that enriching the art atmosphere is mural drawing that done in private properties in the public spaces. The mural drawing spreading around the suburban area surrounding the college building. 20 mural has been recorded only in one village, and its enrich the visual aspect of the sub-urban area and beautifully blending to the suburban area. The mural draws also expresses a message for people who have seen it as a sightseeing object and makes the suburban area as a public artwork gallery. This research aims to know the factors how the mural drawing can be blend to the area and strengthen the place identity of the area by knowing the relationship between mural drawing and where it is made. Observation has been done in the sub-urban area surrounding the Indonesia art institute of Yogyakarta. The concept of the mural is contextual to the site. Its usually represent the social or environmental issue that happens there. The space and sensitivity of selection the mural drawing theme not only make the artwork blended naturally with the area but improve place-identity of the area. Furthermore the phenomena have potential to be a theme of this suburban area development.

The pro-environmental behaviour intentions (PEBIs) of tourists is a popular topic in tourism geography research. Visitors are important stakeholders in the development and conservation of World Natural Heritage sites (WNHs). Based on the perspective of the Mehrabian–Russell (M-R) theory, to advance our understanding of the transmission mechanism and mediation effect of the “perception–emotion–behaviour” chain of visitors at World Natural Heritage sites, we introduced two variables, namely heritage genes perception (HGP) and environmental knowledge perception (EKP), combined with place attachment (PA) and pro-environmental behaviour intentions (PEBIs), and scientifically constructed the conceptual model of the “EHPP model”, consisting of EKP, HGP, PA and PEBIs. Taking the Bayanbulak Heritage Site as an example, the EHPP model was fitted and tested using the structural equation model (SEM). The results show that: (1) the EHPP model is applied to fit the “cognitive–emotional–behaviour intentions” chain of visitors in WNHs and passed the empirical test; (2) there were positive and significant effects of EKP on HGP, and EKP indirectly affects PEBIs via HGP and PA; (3) place dependence (PD) had a significant and positive influence on place identity (PI); and (4) compliance with pro-environmental behaviour intentions (CPEBIs) had a direct positive influence on pro-environmental behaviour intentions (PPEBIs). The findings of this study provide empirical references for stimulating the pro-environmental behaviour intentions of tourists at World Natural Heritage sites.

Ruins serve as symbolic sites at which to re-examine people’s relationships with the past and bonds with places. In the context of the ruination caused by earthquakes and the displacement and resettlement of local residents post-disaster, this paper explores vernacular (residents’ and survivors’) memories, emotions, and senses of place triggered by the ruins of Beichuan county town, China. Results show vernacular memories of specific ruins were highly fragmented and multi-temporal. Interwoven before- and after-quake memories gave rise to complex emotions, mainly including traumatic feeling of sadness, fear, and painful nostalgia. The study further identifies people’s sense of place towards the ruined county town and finds that locals’ sense of place was not accompanied by the loss of physical dependence to the negative side; locals still expressed high levels of place identity (physical uniqueness, self-esteem, and meanings), place attachment (rootedness and emotional attachment), and positive consequences of place behaviours (protection intention and revisiting) post-earthquake. Moreover, it found that sociodemographic variables of age and length of residence in Beichuan and the variables of disaster loss had significant effect on people’s sense of place. This study balances the overriding focus on visual and representational concerns common in ruin scholarship and further reveals the complex psychological processes impacting on sense of place after large-scale disasters. The findings reflect on the relief practices of post-disaster planning and can serve to guide ruin preservation.

Well-functioning communities provide a range of material and psychological resources that enhance well-being. The degree to which individuals see themselves as part of the local social group, or local social identity, i.e., the social identification with the community of the place where people are living, may play an important role in enhancing happiness and well-being, as well as relationships of people with their own living environment, i.e., place attachment. We hypothesized that local social identity influences well-beingviaspecific components of place attachment to the residential city/town, i.e., place identity, social relations, and lack of resources (which is the opposite of place dependence). We measured local social identity, individual well-being, interdependent happiness, and place attachment in a sample ofN= 375 participants. We tested our hypotheses by conducting a series of mediation analyses with local social identity as an independent variable, individual well-being and interdependent happiness as dependent variables, and place attachment subfactors, i.e., place identity, social relations, and lack of resources, as mediators. Results showed that the relation between local social identity and both individual well-being and interdependent happiness was positively mediated by place identity and social relations, while the lack of resources emerged as a negative mediator only in the relation between local social identity and individual well-being (not for interdependent happiness). Practical implications and future developments are discussed.

Background To control the COVID-19 pandemic, it is essential to trace and contain infection chains; for this reason, policymakers have endorsed the usage of contact tracing apps. To date, over 50 countries have released such apps officially or semiofficially, but those that rely on citizens’ voluntary uptake suffer from low adoption rates, reducing their effectiveness. Early studies suggest that the low uptake is driven by citizens’ concerns about security and privacy, as well as low perceptions of infection risk and benefits from the usage. However, these do not explore important generational differences in uptake decision or the association between individuals’ prosociality and uptake. Objective The objective of our study was to examine the role of individuals’ prosociality and other factors discussed in the literature, such as perceived risk and trust in government, in encouraging the usage of contact tracing apps in Japan. We paid particular attention to generational differences. Methods A web-based survey was conducted in Japan 6 months after the release of a government-sponsored contact tracing app. Participants were recruited from individuals aged between 20 and 69 years. Exploratory factor analyses were conducted to measure prosociality, risk perception, and trust in government. Logistic regression was used to examine the association between these factors and uptake. Results There was a total of 7084 respondents, and observations from 5402 respondents were used for analysis, of which 791 respondents (14.6%) had ever used the app. Two factors of prosociality were retained: agreeableness and attachment to the community. Full-sample analysis demonstrated app uptake was determined by agreeableness, attachment to the community, concern about health risks, concern about social risks, and trust in the national government; however, important differences existed. The uptake decision of respondents aged between 20 and 39 years was attributed to their attachment to the community (odds ratio [OR] 1.28, 95% CI 1.11-1.48). Agreeable personality (OR 1.18, 95% CI 1.02-1.35), concern about social risk (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.02-1.35), and trust in national government (OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.05-1.28) were key determinants for those aged between 40 and 59 years. For those aged over 60 years, concerns about health risks determined the uptake decision (OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.24-1.80). Conclusions Policymakers should implement different interventions for each generation to increase the adoption rate of contact tracing apps. It may be effective to inform older adults about the health benefits of the apps. For middle-age adults, it is important to mitigate concerns about security and privacy issues, and for younger generations, it is necessary to boost their attachment to their community by utilizing social media and other web-based network tools.

The study examines the place identity of minority group Arab-Israeli students studying at a campus affiliated with the Israeli hegemonic majority, against the backdrop of the enduring Israeli–Palestinian conflict. The study analyzes place identity construction strategies utilized by these students, and the formation patterns of the new place identity reflected in everyday campus life. Subjective experiences of students were revealed through the ethnographic and qualitative phenomenological methodology and in-depth interviews. From the findings, it became apparent that life under conditions of ongoing ethnic–political conflict forces minority groups to develop strategies regarding their place identity. These strategies are fluidly employed depending on the specific context of time and place. Four place identity strategies were identified: overt, borrowed, avoidant, and ideological. Key factors contributing to the construction of each strategy were discovered: rooted place identity; gender expectations, and proactive or passive attitude to place. Implementation tactics such as individual versus collective approaches, distancing from other groups, and the flow between multiple identities were also uncovered. The study asserts that the strategies, tactics, and key factors revealed in the research contribute to place identity theory and will enrich other place identity studies of minority groups and communities in fluid contexts. Expanding theoretical discourse with respect to the strategies and tactics of place identity could promote the opportunity for integration and coexistence.

Concessioner provided services are integral to the national park visitor experience, and with visitation across NPS units growing steadily, services provided by these public-private-partnerships will likely only increase in importance. Despite this, concerns exist regarding the presence of for-profit entities within national parks. While private businesses may be more responsive to consumers, their presence raises questions regarding equity, access, and perceptions of ownership. The purpose of this study was to assess factors that may influence visitor’s perceptions of appropriateness regarding (a) current and (b) future concessioner activities within Grand Teton National park (GTNP). Regression analyses indicate the importance of personal values, rather than actual experiences (positive or negative) with concessions in shaping perceived appropriateness of future concessions activity. Satisfaction with concessions services, amount of concessions activity that respondents perceived in the park in the present, and trust in GTNP were all non-factors in determining anticipated future appropriateness. Instead, a belief that concessions activity would increase, social liberalism, economic conservatism, and place identity with GTNP were related to perceptions that concessioner activity at GTNP would be inappropriately high in the future. Although the regression predicting future beliefs was robust (R2 = 0.43), no variables significantly predicted current beliefs (R2 = 0.05). Featured photo by Grand Teton on Flickr. https://flic.kr/p/2jf3fa9

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose a new framework on sensorial place brand identity. Design/methodology/approach This conceptual paper draws from sensory marketing and brand identity theories to propose an integrative model to develop sensorial place brand identity. Findings By relying on a broad spectrum of the literature, the study supports the notion that sensorial place brand identity is a bottom-up approach to branding that involves several enactment stakeholders and key influences as co-creators in the process of delivering sensory place branding messages based on a strong and unique place brand identity. This leads to the presentation of a provisional framework linking sensorial place identity, experiencescapes and multisensory place brand image. Originality/value This novel approach to place brand identity follows a holistic approach by considering several enactment stakeholders and key influencers as co-creators in the process of branding a place through the senses.

Due to its positive effects on the economy, tourism is a significant aspect in the development of a country. Therefore, it is necessary to improve facilities at tourism destinations as well as to especially increase the local people’s self-esteem in order to maintain such destinations. The study aims to examine self-esteem referring to the assessments given by tourists and residents in which such assessments can be used to improve the maintenance of tourist attractions in a region. As one of the regencies in North Sumatera Province, Karo owns great tourism potentials due to its various natural attractions as well as cultural richness. However, many of these attractions are not well maintained so self-esteem is considered as a solution. This study has measured four aspects namely evaluation, pride, attachment, and commitment which must become parts of Karo’s identity. This study used the mix method which utilized a combination of 360 questionnaires and in-depth interviews. The findings show that the aspects of pride, attachment, and commitment became the positive features by the local residents although the assessment to the aspect is poorly evaluated. Moreover, the quality of infrastructures available at main tourism destinations was proved to increase also the residents’ quality of life.

In the last few decades, the increasing urban population and heterogeneous quality, the expansion of urban areas, the intensification of developments within existing cities, the continued proliferation of the high rise and other intensive building types, the deterioration of both natural and cultural resources, and the results of the recent struggles for international capital as secure and favorite places has been threatening the image and identity of cities more than ever. In this context, the concepts of transformation and identity, which in turn reflect on urban sustainability, need to be rein-tegrated into the agenda of planners and designers. As cities are always changing and evolving in response to social, economic and political forces, the urban environment has to be considered in a time-based perspective identifying the changes in the local context. In line with these, this paper searches for urban identity in the case of samsun, a symbolic city which has played an important role on the development of modern Turkey, where transformations are dramatic. As the general understanding and the majority of the literature have been restricted to the perspective of form and other physical issues, and neglected to consider the social dimension of environment, which in turn brings about standardized ‘urban design guide' or ‘make-up' type solutions, this will enable the paper to have a holistic framework dealing with all aspects of transformation and provide the reader with a broad-based and innovative perspective towards the vision of cities with place identity.

With the rise of global actors declaring statehood, the place branding competition has expanded beyond internationally recognized cities and nations. ISIS and al-Qaeda insist the establishment of the Caliphate defined both as a place and identity is paramount to reuniting Muslims under a supranational Islamic government. This study explores how each group presents the Caliphate as a place brand and identity construct in the online environment. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study investigates the discursive formation of place identity in ISIS and al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula’s (AQAP) Arabic-language newsletters and examines the projections of Caliphate governance in over 3200 images. Using names, slogans, logos, and colours, ISIS targeted a niche Arab Muslim readership with contextual messages in al-Naba’ newsletter, while AQAP presented al-Masra as an Islamic, mainstream publication reinforcing the stated goal of liberating Jerusalem. The discursive strategies in al-Naba’ and al-Masra visuals further positioned ISIS as a self-governing Caliphate and AQAP as one of many sister brands with some capacity to govern. The study discusses the overlaps and distinctions between place and proto-state branding strategies and highlights the communicative threats the latter poses to cities and nations’ branding efforts worldwide.

Urban has been defined as an autonomous and complex system. Despite the overwhelming differences between urban growths around the world, their growth still follows some universal mechanisms. Darwin’s theory of evolution might have enlightened an innovative view to perform the research of urban development, as a consequence many researchers have been trying to link their research to the biological metaphor of urban evolution. In the context of an analogy to biology, urban can be seen as ‘organic’ and many concepts from biology can be borrowed to explain the ‘uncertainty’ and ‘relativity’ of urban growth processes. Urban DNA is one of the innovative concepts, which has been used to describe the unique characteristics of urban and the common fundamental elements of each urban area. As Hall (2008) stated “every city has its own DNA, something that makes it unique, and that's part of what makes this city unique”. The main ideas of applying the concept of urban DNA involve identifying the key factors/ metrics which reflect urban characteristics, therefore allowing the understanding the cities’ characteristics with urban DNA. This would allow, among other things, to identify or propose optimal urban form and allowing ‘smooth’ transition of growth patterns and the characteristics of urban from a suboptimal urban form. As Silva (2004) explained, the possibility of defining this ‘key’ (DNA) for each region seems to be of great significance in the planning studies. It allows for the understanding of how the different elements that constraint the functioning of urban system progress and constrain different regions, and what function they should have in shaping future scenarios. This research explores the theory aspects of urban DNA, and makes an attempt to link this concept with an integrated urban growth model (DG-ABC). The simulation results of a pilot study are analyzed in the context of the biology analogy in order to test the possibility of deriving urban DNA from DG-ABC model, by doing so we hope to understand how the key factors and parameters influence the formation of urban patterns, and therefore allowing making optimal solutions to urban growth problems.

As an outcome of the phenomenal development of place branding in the travel industry, scrutinizing its potential influences on tourism and travelers' destinations is of supreme importance. This study aims to identify how branding of places influences both supply and demand sides' perspectives and leads to changes in travelers' behavior towards Tatarstan, Russia. Based on 78 interviews with tourists (22), managers (34) and 3 focus groups (22), a conceptual model was designed which illustrates that the tangible and intangible factors of place identity influence the archetypical nation trait and regional place brand, which further results in a positive place image, authentic lifestyle, and entrepreneurship. Implications for tourism planning and management are provided.

When people join an institution, no assurance of positive social connection exists. The mechanisms of psychological attachment to institutions are not well understood. However, place attachment is a predictor of individual well-being and, when correlated with life satisfaction and neighborhood ties, can enhance civic engagement and social trust. Research suggests that narratives can be a symbolic mechanism of place attachment. Thus, to increase place attachment in the parent population at a small elementary school, various art-based narrative activities were carried out as part of the OurSchoolOurStories project. Creating a storied blanket was one activity. Seven women needle-felted nine squares with the theme of representing some aspect of what the school meant to them. In a circle, they shared many stories including where they came from, how they came to be at the school, and their experiences at the school. Through these artistic narratives, participants were able to share much about their place identities, which allowed for social connection, and a sense of integration within the group. Funding for this study was provided by the Sunrise Waldorf Parents’ Association. https://viurrspace.ca/bitstream/handle/10613/12967/WoollyStories.pdf?sequence=4

The current study aims to investigate souvenir suppliers' perceptions of authentic souvenirs in the context of a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Laos, Luang Prabang (LPB). The findings suggest that authentic souvenirs need to integrate culture and history to represent place identity of the destination, to be handmade and produced within LPB, to have a unique, attractive presentation, and to require local-specific skills of local artisans or recognisable person for craftsmanship. The research finds that attitudes toward and willingness to sell mass-produced souvenirs are more typical of souvenir vendors because of the limited business resources. This paper discusses the suppliers’ consensus on the issue of origin and locality of souvenirs, which is a strong pursuit of objective authenticity of souvenirs, but challenges exist, in particular, increasing demand over the volume of local souvenir production and a fierce competition with international traders in the local market.

By communicating an integrated story, the Leicester City Football Club blue inherits and persists the history and legacy of the football club, which further provides a stable and consistent meaning for the local sports culture. Colour as a medium and agency creates an intimacy and loyalty between the different ethnic and social groups across local, regional, and global contexts. The case study demonstrated that colour could give place identity through branding practice, identity mediation, and visual culture formation. The process reflected that economic and cultural force had a large impact on place‐making, and could be the decisive influence upon colour symbolism.

The ability to remember, recognize and reconstruct places is a key component of episodic autobiographical memory. In this respect, place forms an essential basis for the unfolding of experiences in memory and imagination. The autobiographical memory is seen to contribute to a sense of self and place identity. The aim of this study was to concertedly analyze paintings, autobiographical narrations and places of birth and life of clients under treatment at a psychiatric clinic in Switzerland who were manifesting psychiatric disorders, e.g. depression, anxiety disorders, bipolar disorder, personality disorder, substance dependence, and dementia. Each client exhibited distinctive attitudes and approaches towards life characterized by unique personal mental constructs for living in given places of time episodes that worked towards shaping the development of their identities as well as the development of their health. For these clients, place and time function together to leave a mark, a trajectory, that can hinder or help the resolution of a psychiatric condition. Based on six representative cases, we illustrate how each painting, each biographical narration and each interview reveals deeper structures of individual perception, emotions, feelings, coping strategies, and capacities to reflect and identify with place-time trajectories. Based on this analysis, a place-time-identity model has been developed, which emphasizes the importance of narration, the structure of personality, and emotional experiences in the development of the 'relay station' of episodic autobiographical memory, self and autonoetic consciousness: these three elements are not only connected through their embeddedness in time, but also through their embeddedness in place. In this context, place provides an external fundus of memory, capable of supporting humans in healthy recollection and remembering. The process of placing appears to contribute to the creation of self-esteem and identity. This psycho-geographical place-life-time approach is contrasted to phenomenological place-space-time theories of Husserl, Heidegger, Bachelard, and Sloterdijk.

In classical Rome, the icon of a snake was used to depict the protection of place identity. This genius loci helped identify the quintessential elements of a place. The present study explores the extent to which places experiencing significant tourism development have lost their genius loci. Findings are derived from a comparative appraisal of archival and current landscape photographs, supported by an exploratory study at a particular setting. The fieldwork reveals that tourism activity is predominantly accountable for changes in a place's genius loci and that certain sites seem to possess attributes that retain that “genius”. Points of reference are identified so that destinations can regain their lost genius loci.

The literature of energy geographies is increasingly employing a place-related approach to unpack the interrelations between place, politics, and community energy (CE). Yet, they often adopt a project-centric scope, with little attention paid to non-energy-related local concerns and political dynamics preceding CE projects. Moreover, CE studies mostly focus on western settings, thereby overlooking cases with very different development trajectories. To address these limits, this study employs the relational place-making framework to situate a CE project in the development history of a community. It draws upon the Taromak 100% Green Energy Tribe Initiative in Taiwan, which is a part of a local struggle for tribal autonomy following century-long processes of colonization and modernization. Using qualitative methods this study analyzes: (1) the place-making processes that shape the geo-historical context of the Taromak CE project; (2) how the Taromak people variously situate the CE project in their place-framings; and (3) how identity politics based on these place-framings shapes and is reshaped by the CE initiative. The study finds that an active interplay between the CE initiative and the politics among two coalitions of competing place-frames takes place, and that the interpretation of the shared place identity is constantly contested. This demonstrates a need to reflect on the energy-centric research agenda, and calls for a historical perspective that investigates place identity’s mobilizing capacity in relation to the place-making dynamics. I argue that situating CE in this dynamics allows researchers to better recognize the objectives and subjectivity of grassroots actors in participating in these projects.

The relationship between place attachment and loyalty has been researched in a variety of recreation and tourism contexts. This study expands upon the existing literature by examining the relationship between place attachment and behavior loyalty within an urban park setting. Specifically, the relationship between the place attachment dimensions of place identity, place dependence, and social bonding with behavioral loyalty, measured by park use frequency and proportion of use in relation to other settings. Two predictive models were tested: the first examined the influence of place attachment dimensions on loyalty as tested in previous research. The second model explored the influence of loyalty on the place attachment dimension, which had been alluded to in previous studies. The data, collected from 405 participants at eight urban parks in Manhattan Beach, California, was analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). Contradicting expectations, results of the study found no significant structural paths in the first model with place attachment dimensions predicting loyalty. Interestingly, the second model with behavioral loyalty predicting place attachment indicated significant relationships between all constructs. The findings of the study indicate that for an urban park setting, frequent use of specific parks contributes to stronger place attachment. Management implications ● Place attachment and loyalty research have important management implications as both concepts are tied to continued use and visitations. ● Managers should make note of place attachments potential to facilitate loyalty. ● The relationship between attachment and loyalty is a close one. ● It is important to prioritize the retention of current park visitors who may develop attachment over time. ● Management should continue to provide access to parks, park facilities, and opportunities for a variety of recreational interests that drive continued use. ● Accessibility and diversified offerings encourages increased park use. ● The development of loyal, attached visitors creates strong advocates for recreation places

The tripartite relationship among loyalty, pro-environmental (PEB) behaviour, and place attachment (PA) was explored to capture the variability and complexity of both loyalty and PEB dynami...