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As a result of the study, it has been found that the role of public administration in the regional development of EU member states is the highest in less developed countries, forasmuch as after joining the EU these countries have adapted their national legislation and the legal system as a whole to much higher standards than national ones. As a result, investors' confidence is growing, the investment climate and business activity are improving. It has been proved that the basic strategic factors of public administration in less developed EU countries will be the factors related to improving the quality of regulatory and legal support of the social-economic environment and ensuring the rule of law. The factors outlined and policies towards achieving high level can be used by developing countries as a positive experience in reforming national legal systems and public governance.

Part A Innovation and knowledge: local opportunities and innovative behaviour - a meta-analytic study of European cities, Peter Nijkamp, Andaki Kangasharju and Marina van Geenhuizen an evolutionary approach to firm dynamics - adaptation and path dependecy, Marina van Geenhuizen agglomeration and industrial innovation in space - an empirical analysis, Daniel Shefer and Amnon Frenkel expenditure and knowledge-based regional impacts associated with a university - some empirical evidence, Daniel Felsenstein. Part B Tourism, infrastructure and regional development: incentive programmes for rural tourism in Israel - a tool for promoting rural development, Aliza Fleischer the economic impact of tourism in Israel - a multiregional input-output analysis, Daniel Freeman and Esther Sultan the impact of foad infrastructure on producitivity and regional inequalities in Europe, Piet Rietveld and Franck Bruinsma.

The goal. The research is aimed at studying the role of rural areas from the perspective of the implementation of regional development programs in the process of state regulation. Methods. In the course of the study, methods of observation, abstraction, analysis and synthesis were used. The conceptual foundations of state regulation of rural development through the implementation of state programs in the period of a sustainable process of urbanization, in the conditions of a post-industrial (information) society are described. Results and practical significance. In the study presented by the author, from the position of state regulation carried out by implementing the relevant tasks of state development programs, a scientific assessment of the modern role of rural territories in the socio-economic and spatial development of Russia is given. The author's position on the issue of the conceptual foundations of the processes of rural development in relation to the current development programs is given. The importance of infrastructural support of connections between rural territories and agglomerations to reduce the «economic distance» between them is reflected. The scientific novelty of the study. The results of the study of the role of rural territories from the perspective of state regulation processes are presented. An updated idea of the position of rural territories at the present stage of socio-economic and spatial development of the regions of Russia is given.

This paper evaluates the role of regional spillovers of knowledge in Brazilian municipalities. The main hypothesis here is that regional inequalities restrict the knowledge spillovers in developing...

Contrary to the triumphalist rhetoric that describes the automotive industry as a lever for both regional development in North America and industrial upgrading in Mexico, this article argues that the formation of the Mexico–U.S. automotive complex has instead been consolidated on the basis of longstanding processes of uneven regional development. To make this argument, the paper examines how global economic restructuring, trade policies, domestic economic development processes, transnational firm decision making and the maintenance of the geopolitical border have reproduced extreme wage differences between the United States and Mexico, resulting in the creation of a regional automotive sector that is both highly integrated and highly unequal. In this scenario, both nations are home to profoundly different industrial landscapes: the U.S. hosts the highest value-added links of the production chain, monopolizing processes of innovation and scientific and technological knowledge production, while in contrast, Mexico manufactures the most labour intense and lowest value-added links of the automotive production chain. From this perspective, the Mexican economy can be essentially understood as an export manufacturing platform which derives its ‘competitiveness’ from the aggressive industry maintenance of low wages.

Previous studies have highlighted the role of local food as a source of destination differentiation and tourist motivation, and as part of the understanding of slow food tourism. However, few previous researchers have discussed the proximity degree of products delivered in food tourism spaces such as markets, and how they contribute to the creation of slow tourism experiences. Based on the analysis of the origin of fruits and vegetables being sold at Mercat del Lleó, the municipal market of Girona (Catalonia, Spain), this paper investigates the value of local supply in an urban food tourism system. Fieldwork included nine interviews with market vendors, and data regarding 301 fruits and vegetables sold at the market were obtained. While results show a wide representation of local and regional produce, fruits and vegetables of national and international origin predominate over proximity products. The article reveals that there is still potential to improve the relationships between local food, identity promotion, and the sustainable experiences that attract slow tourists to urban destinations.

Resumo: O objetivo do presente trabalho foi compreender como ocorreu a constituição e o desenvolvimento do município de Naviraí como polo urbano regional, tendo como aporte teórico a discussão sobre desenvolvimento local e território. Especificamente, buscou-se identificar as ações e os atores relevantes para a constituição do município, descrever historicamente como ocorreu a constituição do município e sua condição de polo urbano regional, como também examinar os aspectos territoriais e sua contribuição ao desenvolvimento local e regional. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa descritiva, por meio de dados secundários e entrevistas semiestruturadas com três moradoras da cidade que estão relacionadas à história do município. Os resultados evidenciam que diversos aspectos convergiram para a constituição do município como polo urbano regional, iniciando-se com a colonização, fomentada pelo governo federal, associada à existência de recursos naturais que eram abundantes, e, consequentemente, por meio do aproveitamento das potencialidades locais, como a vocação agrícola. Diante desse contexto, indica-se a utilização da análise E-P-C-N, proposta por Saquet (2009), para compreender a configuração de um território e como suporte para pensar o desenvolvimento local endógeno sustentado. Ademais, discute-se a necessidade de criar condições de desenvolvimento endógeno a partir da conjugação de esforços locais com apoio externo, como as diversas universidades instaladas no município, que podem, por meio de esforços conjuntos, instruir os atores no sentido de promover o desenvolvimento local. Abstract: This paper aims to understand how occurred the constitution and development of Naviraí as a regional urban pole, having as a theoretical support the discussion about local development and territory. Specifically, we seek to identify relevant actions and actors for the constitution of the city, to describe historically how occurred the constitution of the city and its condition of regional urban pole, as well to examine the territorial aspects and their contribution to the local and regional development. Therefore, we made a descriptive qualitative research, using secondary data and semi-structured interviews with three residents related to the city’s history. The results show that several aspects converged to the constitution of Naviraí as a regional urban pole, beginning with colonization, fomented by the federal government, associated with the existence of abundant natural resources, and, consequently, through the use of local potentialities, as the agricultural vocation. In this context, we indicate the use of E-P-C-N analysis, proposed by Saquet (2009), to understand the configuration of a territory and as a basis for thinking about sustainable endogenous local development. We also discussed the need to create conditions of endogenous development from the combination of local efforts with external support, such as the various universities installed in Naviraí, which can - through joint efforts - instruct the actors to promote local development. Resumen: El objetivo de esta investigación fue comprender cómo ocurrió la constitución y el desarrollo del municipio de Naviraí como polo urbano regional, teniendo como contribución teórica la discusión acerca de desarrollo local y territorio. En concreto, se buscó identificar las acciones y los actores relevantes para la constitución del municipio, describir históricamente cómo ocurrió su constitución y su transformación en polo urbano regional, como también examinar los aspectos territoriales y su contribución para el desarrollo local y regional. Para eso, se realizó una investigación cualitativa descriptiva, por medio de datos secundarios y entrevistas semiestructuradas con tres moradoras de la ciudad que están relacionadas con la historia del municipio. Los resultados evidencian que diversos aspectos hubieran contribuido para la constitución del municipio como polo urbano regional, empezando con la colonización, alentada por el gobierno federal, sumada a la existencia de recursos naturales abundantes, y, consecuentemente, por el aprovechamiento de las potencialidades locales, como la vocación agrícola. En este contexto, se indica la utilización del análisis E-P-C-N, propuesta por Saquet (2009), para comprender la configuración de un territorio y como soporte para pensar el desarrollo local endógeno sostenido. Además, discutimos también la necesidad de crear condiciones de desarrollo endógeno a través de la conjugación de esfuerzos locales con el apoyo externo, como las diferentes universidades presentes en el municipio, que pueden, por medio de esfuerzos conjuntos, instruir a los actores en el sentido de promover el desarrollo local.

Economies have always been sensitive to certain types of shocks in the past. This article deals with the growing importance of resilience and the development of this concept connected with regional development and emphasises its significance for the 4.0 generation and smart specialisation. In addition to the 4th lndustrial Revolution, it is necessary to mention the current topic, which is directly related to the concept of resilience and is, to some extent, behind its revival, i.e., COVID-19. Due to the COVID-19 crisis, the resilience topic is gaining prominence, and its importance is growing. The COVID-19 crisis shows how it has reduced the resilience of key systems to shocks and allowed failures to cascade from one system to others. A systemic approach based on resilience must be proposed to prepare socioeconomic systems for future shocks. The European Union is no exception and it must, therefore, accept strategies oriented on resilience. Web of Science 12 42 12

Light‐induced molecular piping of cyclic peptide nanotubes to form bent tubular structures is described. The process is based on the [4+4] photocycloaddition of anthracene moieties, whose structural changes derived from the interdigitated flat disposition of precursors to the corresponding cycloadduct moieties, induced the geometrical modifications in nanotubes packing that provokes their curvature. For this purpose, we designed a new class of cyclic peptide nanotubes formed by β‐ and α‐amino acids. The presence of the former predisposes the peptide to stack in a parallel fashion with the β‐residues aligned along the nanotube and the homogeneous distribution of anthracene pendants., Light‐induced molecular plumbing of cyclic peptide nanotubes based on a [4+4] cycloaddition of anthracene moieties is described. The geometrical changes induced by the formation of the cycloadduct transfer to the supramolecular aggregate structural constrains that force the nanotube to bend.

This research aims to determine the contribution of youth in regional development through the management of special autonomy funds in Langsa City, then to find out the factors that encourage and hinder youth in the development of the region through the management of special autonomy funds in Langsa City. The method used in this research is quantitative method by looking at the influence of youth in regional development through the management of special autonomy funds in Langsa City, this research was conducted in Langsa City by testing hypotheses and explaining and identifying causal relationships between various variables. The population in this study was 22,916 youth people age range from 16 - 30 years, so the percentage of leeway used is 10 % and the calculation results using slovin formula can be rounded to 100 people as a sample. The results of youth research in Langsa City have a significant influence in the development of the region through the management of special autonomy funds.

This research aims to determine the contribution of youth in regional development through the management of special autonomy funds in Langsa City, then to find out the factors that encourage and hinder youth in the development of the region through the management of special autonomy funds in Langsa City. The method used in this research is quantitative method by looking at the influence of youth in regional development through the management of special autonomy funds in Langsa City, this research was conducted in Langsa City by testing hypotheses and explaining and identifying causal relationships between various variables. The population in this study was 22,916 youth people age range from 16 - 30 years, so the percentage of leeway used is 10 % and the calculation results using slovin formula can be rounded to 100 people as a sample. The results of youth research in Langsa City have a significant influence in the development of the region through the management of special autonomy funds

Social and economic development of regions is closely connected with transport industry functioning, which was proven by numerous academic works. However, the problem of transport infrastructure importance for border regions was actually neglected. In fact transport on state periphery plays an important role in regional development and in some cases becomes a key factor of realizing foreign-economic potential. This article on the basis of functional approach to the research object describes an attempt to substantiate the role of transport infrastructure in the development of border region through identifying its foreign-economic function. The essence of this function implies the capacity of transport infrastructure to build in-regional and inter-regional flows of goods, services and people travel and at the same time to carry out operations of international exchange of goods. The importance of infrastructure for border regions is demonstrated by dynamics of indicators of railway construction and investment into fixed funds of transport industry: growth rates of these indicators are much higher for border regions in comparison with internal regions. It proves the importance of intensive development of transport on border territories to provide integrity of the country and to realize the potential of foreign-economic links.

Shaping innovation economy in Russia stipulates passing-over from traditional partial models to system-integrated models of development accompanied by building institutional vector of succession of federal and regional institutions. A special role in processes of interaction between state, business and science is entrusted to institutions of development, which are to foster knowledge generation and successful practices of innovatization. The article studies specific features of scientific and innovation activity support funds, which help realize measures aimed at stimulating and raising efficiency of the scientific and innovation sector on the regional level. State support of institutions of development and science was analyzed and experience of such funds in the Krasnoyarsk area, Tatarstan, Perm area, Smolensk region was investigated as they demonstrate positive dynamics and adequacy in principle lines of functioning. Problems and drawbacks of these funds' work were systematized by 4 large groups: institutional and legal, finance and economic, organizational and managerial and social ones. On the basis of this analysis measures aimed at improving the organizational efficiency of funds and upgrading the regional innovation environment were identified. A conclusion was drawn about the necessity to intensify state and non-state support of fundamental and applied research, to stimulate setting-up of collaborative partnerships in order to raise scientific, technological and innovation competences in regions in view of solving strategic tasks of development.

The growth in the share of industry in the structure of Gross Domestic Product due to an increase in its competitiveness, causes a multiplier effect of accelerating economic growth, reducing unemployment and developing social and transport infrastructure. All these imperatives actualise the task of deepening the analysis of the level of industrialisation and innovative performance of the national economy and its regions. To achieve this goal, a theoretical analysis of the relationship between industrial growth and innovation activity was carried out, and the problems of industrial growth of the Russian economy were identified. The proposed toolkit is based on assessing the level of industrialization and innovative performance of the region. Based on their comparison, four models of industrial and innovative development are distinguished: model of non-industrial development, model of post-industrial development, model of neo-industrial development, and model of industrial development. According to the results of the study, the structure of Russian regions by the type of industrial-innovative development model is relatively stable and insufficiently progressive. Only a third of the regions have high innovative performance. The lack of the required balance between the development of industrial potential and the innovative productivity of Russian regions is associated with the low efficiency of the applied industrial policy measures. The research results can be useful for assessing the quality of industrial growth of regions in countries with transitional economies.

O texto apresentado é a transcrição da conferência proferida pelo professor e pesquisador Doutor Sandro Luiz Bazzanella, em 19 de setembro, na Disciplina Políticas Públicas e Desenvolvimento, ofertada pelo Programa de Mestrado em Desenvolvimento Regional, ministrada no segundo semestre de 2020. A participação do professor Sandro ocorreu a convite da professora Maria Luiza Milani, para que fosse introduzido nessa disciplina, os aspectos constitutivos do Estado brasileiro, para subsidiar a apresentação das políticas públicas no âmbito da sociedade brasileira. O texto apresentado é a transcrição ipsis literes da conferência proferida, gravada em vídeo e áudio. Os argumentos apresentados foram fundamentados em princípios e pressupostos teóricos que apresentam bases para se reconhecer a conduta dos governos da república brasileira, em especial para se reconhecer as diretrizes asseguradas pelas políticas públicas sob a direção políticas dos governos no Brasil. Palavras-chave: Sociedade brasileira. Aspectos constitutivos do Estado. Políticas Públicas.

Despite the high relevance of 1,3‐dienes, stereoselective methods to access tetrasubstituted conjugated dienes are still scarce. We here report an efficient and modular approach that provides access to multifunctional tetrasubstituted 1,3‐dienes with excellent levels of regio‐ and stereoselectivity. This methodology is based on a tetracomponent reaction between a borylated dendralene, an organolithium reagent and two different electrophiles. Mechanistic studies reveal that this transformation proceeds through a regio‐ and stereoselective carbolithiation/electrophilic trapping of an in situ formed dendralenic boron‐ate complex, followed by a stereoretentive halodeborylation. The ease in which complex structural dienes can be accessed and their synthetic versatility highlight the importance and utility of this method., An unprecedented tetra‐component reaction between a borylated dendralene, an organolithium reagent and two different electrophiles is reported. The method allows for the regio‐ and stereoselective synthesis of highly substituted 1,3‐dienes with “à la carte” introduction of diverse functionalities which serve as a versatile handle to access complex dienic structures.

The purpose of the research is study and define methods for evaluating the effectiveness of regional programsMethodology - in the course of the study, methods of comparative analysis, analogies, generalizations, classification, systemic and structural approaches, as well as the theory of strategic management at the city level were used. The research information base includes data from the Bureau of National statistics of Agency for Strategic planning and reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Ministry of Regional Development of the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as information published in foreign publications.Originality / value of the research. The study carried out a comprehensive multilateral assessment of the effectiveness of regional programs, which is a system of indicators characterizing regional programs in different aspects.Findings - the ways of increasing the efficiency of regional programs by means of their separation and periods of implementation are proposed, ensuring their continuity in achieving a comprehensive effect. Recommendations are given to regional authorities and administrations to improve the effectiveness of the main regional programs in the short and long term.

This study aims to find out and analyze the influence of internal and external factors on the quality of the annual development plan of the region in Aceh Tamiang Regency partially and simultaneously. The sample of this study is that all employees in the office of Regional Development Planning, Research and Development Agency (BAPPEDA) Aceh Tamiang district numbered 30 people. The results of the study obtained mathematical equations that are Y = 9.468 + 0.262 X1 + 0.215 X2. The correlation coefficient value (R) of 0.673 means a strong and positive relationship and significant (real) between internal and external factors with the quality of the regional annual development plan in Aceh Tamiang Regency. The coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.453 or 45.3% indicates that 45.3% of the quality of the regional annual development plan in Aceh Tamiang Regency is influenced by internal and external factors. The remaining 54.7% was influenced by other factors. T test results for internal factors t calculated > t table value of 2,277 > 2.05183 and significant in  = 0.05 obtained figures of 0.031 < 0.05 means internal factors significantly affect the quality of the regional annual development plan in Aceh Tamiang District, which is the contribution of the variable of 0.262. External factors have a t count value of > t table and a significant t that is far from the significant value of tolerance of 5% which is 2,155 > 2.05183 and significant 0.040 < 0.05 and the contribution of these factors is the amount of the regression value with the number 0.215. F is worth 3.35. The calculated F value is above F table which is 11,160 > 3.35 and also the significant F value is 0.000 < 0.005. So that from the results of the F test can be analyzed that internal and external factors together the two free variables have a significant and significant / tangible effect on the quality of the annual development plan of the region in Aceh Tamiang District. Thus, the hypothesis that reads internal and external factors simultaneously affects the quality of the annual development plan of Aceh Tamiang District can be accepted and theoretically proven. Keywords: Internal Factors, External Factors, Quality of Regional Annual Development Plans.

PURPOSE: The paper aims to show that different characteristics of the Silesian autochthonous population resulting from unique cultural and civilizational roots and different values have a positive impact on the regional socio-economic development., DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: The innovative approach establishes the relationship between the presence and activity of the Silesian autochthonous population and regional development. The first subject of analysis concerned the comparison of migration behavior of two different ethnic groups residing in Silesia, namely the autochthonous Silesian population and the Polish population of immigrant origin, using mainly the micro census method. The second research study was a comparative socio-economic analysis of areas inhabited by the Silesian population and typologically similar areas inhabited by the Polish people of immigrant origin. Finally, the third research area concerned a survey among representatives of local authorities, who assessed the role of Silesians in the process of regional development., FINDINGS: The paper's main finding is that the location of the Silesian autochthonous population in the Opole Province has had a notable positive impact on several economic and demographic features, in addition to a very positive assessment of the population by the local authorities. Furthermore, the Silesian population has been recognized as a significant and positive development potential of the Opole Province., PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The results of the analysis might be used in determining a suitable development strategy. They also highlight the need for proper management of ethnic groups in regional development and diversity as economic and social potential., ORIGINALITY/VALUE: Research results can contribute to constructing theoretical models regarding ethnic groups and their role in sustainable regional development., The project is financed by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education in Poland under the program "Regional Initiative of Excellence" 2019 - 2022 project number 015/RID/2018/19 total funding amount 10 721 040,00 PLN"., peer-reviewed

One of the famous tourist attractions in Jember and became the icon of the agritourism village since 2009 in Jember Regency is Kemuning Lor Village, Arjasa subdistrict, Jember regency. This case makes the background of the research entitled the development of Agrowisata Village in Kemuning Lor Village, Arjasa District, Jember Regency. The objectives of this research are: 1) to know the economic empowerment of the community in the village of agritourism; 2) to identify the impact of tourism village development on community income; 3) to identify regional cooperation in the management of agritourism areas; and 4) to analyze the appropriate policy to the development of agritourism areas. This research uses descriptive research type. Research results are (1) the empowerment that already exists in the village of agritourism for example economic learning through the formation of skill groups with training models, economic learning through the formation of art groups, empowerment models through agent of change ,; (2) The impact of tourism village development on community income does not affect the income of the community. The increase of community income that occurred at the time of the study was due to the outside income of the farm, not the existence of an agritourism village. (3) Local government cooperation in managing the agritourism area included aspects: 1) Human Resource; 2) capital; 3) production; 4) distribution; 5) marketing; 6) competitiveness; and (7) Analysis of development policy of agritourism village in Kemuning Lor in, Arjasa sub-district, Jember regency as follows: tourism development policies especially agritourism villages already exist but have not run optimally in accordance with the vision and mission of the Tourism Office.

Retribution is an important source of Regional Budget Revenue (PAD) in the city of Makassar. The budget charged by the Makassar City Government to the PD. Makassar Raya Market.This study aims to evaluate the management system of market levies and the contribution of market levies to increase Makassar City's Regional Original Income (PAD) and to formulate a more appropriate market levy management system to maximize PD revenue. Makassar Raya Market, Makassar City. The data used in this study are secondary in the form of documents and records related to market retribution income, and primary data in the form of daily reports of the recipient's cash-holding assistant as well as collection reports and proof of deposit of the recipient's treasurer into cash through the City Regional Development Bank (BPD). Makassar. The results of the study show that local revenue from market levies is in a very effective category, this is indicated by an average value of 100.28%, and Pasat Levies have a very large influence and contribution to Local Ownership in Makassar City, this can be shown by the average value of the contribution is 102.25%, while the growth rate of market levies explains that the growth rate with an average value is 9.69 which indicates the unsuccessful category The growth rate of market levies explains that the growth rate with an average value is 9.69 which indicates the unsuccessful category.

The analysis results used in the problem of poverty are increasingly developing as the understanding of the problem of poverty becomes more complex in the spatial and temporal patterns, seeing the patterns and characteristics of a phenomenon with spatial imaging and study of patterns is the main objective of this study by looking at the pattern of the percentage of poor people and the level of inequality. The method used is processing Moran's I spatial data, Moranscatterplot and LISA, testing development inequality with the Williamson Index, The research area covers 15 districts/cities in 2015-2019. Spatial linkages The percentage of poor people between districts/cities in Lampung Province has a positive Moran's I value, has a spatial pattern with the same characteristics and is clustered. Development inequality is negative Moran's I, Development inequality has a spatial pattern with different characteristics in 2015 -2019. Poverty analysis indicates that during the 5-year study period, 5 districts in Lampung Province were still trapped in high poverty levels, The results of regional development inequality with the Williamson index indicate 3 regions with high levels of inequality, 4 areas of moderate inequality and 8 regions with low levels of inequality.

This paper evaluates the impact of the crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and measures of the state anti-crisis policy on the Russian tourism sector, as well as opportunities and directions of its development. The study is based on the results of a series of semi-structured interviews with owners of firms and heads of key business associations in this sector. The analysis showed that, on the one hand, the crisis has exacerbated the problems that have long been brewing in the Russian tourism sector. On the other hand, the shift in demand to domestic market due to restrictions on international travel provides a real opportunity for the development of the domestic tourism segment. Should the federal and regional authorities, in cooperation with the tourism business, use this window of opportunity, it could help provide the necessary incentives for the inflow of investments into the Russian tourism sector and contribute to the socio-economic development of the regions.

Regions remain in flux. Their status as primary sites of governance and government is an ongoing negotiation between multiple endogenous and exogenous actors. The role of regions as drivers of econ...

National and regional development to improve the economy and people's welfare is carried out with a sustainable concept based on natural resources and with an environmental perspective. To accelerate regional development in Central Java Province, Presidential Regulation number 79 of 2019 has been issued by setting 3 areas in Central Java as a focus, namely Bregasmalang, Kedungsepur and Purwomanggung and 5 other areas as supporting areas. To find out the results of regional development in all cities and districts in Central Java, a regional competitiveness index (RCI) was measured in 2019. From comparing the results of RCI in 3 focus areas and 5 supporting areas, it turns out that the RCI in the focus areas is not higher value than the supporting areas, Bregasmalang 5.86 was lower than Barlingmascakep 6.09; Purwomanggung 4.87 was lower than Subosukowonosraten 5.20, indicating that the policy to determine 3 areas for accelerated development of the region of Central Java Province is not fully evidence- based. The recommendation is that the policy for regional development in Central Java Province in the future is based more on evidence, the results of RCI.

There is a lack of methodologically grounded and generally accepted regional competitiveness’ evaluation method in Latvia. Common feature of the research about nature of competitiveness is that competitiveness of a region depends on how high and sustainable the level of prosperity in the region is. The analysis of scientific literature showed, that most often synthetic indexes are used to evaluate competitiveness of a region. Methodology to evaluate regional competitiveness was developed and approbated in case of Latvia. To identify the most appropriate method for competitiveness index calculation, Regional Competitiveness Index (RCI) according to two different methods was calculated in the research. The results obtained were similar, but each of index calculation methods has its own advantages and disadvantages and the choice of the appropriate method will depend on the researcher's goals and objectives. Use of relative weights in index calculations affects the obtained results, therefore, necessity of relative weights must be economically justified. It was proven that regional competitiveness cannot be characterized by such simple indicators as GDP or GDP per capita. RCI shows the level of competitiveness of Latvia’s statistical regions, it is possible to compare regions in time and among each other. It allows to form regional development policy and strategy more reasonably.

In the cooperation project ‘YOUMIG,’ funded by the INTERREG Danube transnational programme, challenges of youth migration were discussed in a transnational consortium consisting of project partners from different countries from Central and Eastern Europe experiencing difficulties such as a declining population and outmigration, as well as immigration of young people, which necessitated the provision of an integration infrastructure. Project outcomes included strategies as well as pilot activities performed by local-level authorities. The following article will consider outcomes as well as experiences from stakeholders involved in the project and investigate individual and organizational learning processes throughout the project. It will elaborate on the question of the extent to which transnational cooperation can potentially facilitate sustainable institutional changes and transformation. The results confirm the potential of transnational cooperation towards triggering learning and institutional change. Nevertheless, they underline that in the context of the project, the learning processes that could be achieved were predominantly of an individual nature and that the tangible outcomes could not lead to sustainable institutional changes.

Recently the European Commission has launched two road maps affecting geographical indications (GIs) regulations from two different perspectives: one regarding a revision of agricultural products, wine and spirits regulations and another regarding intellectual property. In this second plan, special attention will be paid to upgrading the system for IP protection, by exploring ways to strengthen the protection system for GIs of agricultural products and considering the introduction of an EU protection system for non-agricultural GIs. This article aims to explore the principal challenges of reforming GI legal regime, and the opportunity to establish core common principles for those rights by considering the unitary legal nature of GIs as an intellectual property right, while analysing and preserving differences within each sector. The article shows the value of analysing GIs as an intellectual property right in a coordinated way, as an essential element of the EU Action Plan addressed to upgrade the EU IP system to facilitate digital and green transition. The study analyses EU GIs case law, in comparison with other jurisdictions such as Spain. This article has been developed in the framework of the research project ‘Legal regime of plant breeding and quality distinctive signs: Promoting food safety and quality and sustainable socio-economic progress’, led by Professor E. Gallego and Professor N. Fernandez. Reference: DER2017-87675-R. Funding body: Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación and European Union, European Regional Development Found (ERDF).

Aspirations of the people is one key to success for central or regional development. Regional Representative Council as a representative of the people of the region must take the time to listen to the aspirations of local communities. This study will discuss the role of the Regional Legislative Assembly of representatives in the community aspirations as guaranteed by the Constitution. This research method is sociological normative. So this research, is expected to explain the mechanism that is responsive in the aspiration of society by the local council, knowing the role of the Regional Representative Council in voicing the aspirations of the people in the priority programs of regional development. Aspirations of the people is the voice of the people to be delivered in the formation of legislation. So that created regional development priorities is responsive to the community and the region.

The article presents an analysis of the dynamics of the agricultural sector of theRussian economy. The priority directions of development of the main segments of theagricultural economy are studied. Data on the import and export of grain crops are presented. The leading regions in the gross harvest of grain and leguminous crops in 2020 are the Rostov Region and the Krasnodar Territory. The basis of cereal exports is wheat, its share in the total volume in 2020 amounted to 79.1%. The largest buyer of Russian barley (46.7%) is Saudi Arabia, corn is Turkey and Vietnam.

The quality of human resources, considered as a set of certain assessment criteria that are dynamic in nature, due to the basic indicators and factors of the internal and external environment of the social and economic system of the region needs a comprehensive management impact aimed at improving the system and its elements. The quality of human resources in socio-economic systems, as well as tools aimed at the formation of qualitative parameters, form the problem of improving the economic mechanism for improving the quality of human resources in modern conditions, which should take into account the management goals, the state and prospects for the development of quality parameters of the system elements, to ensure the effective functioning of the conceptual model of quality management of human resources.

The unification of territorial communities allows forming an effective and convenient system of management of the territory in which they live. However, the unification of territorial communities in Ukraine is uneven, which raises the question of why this is happening. The purpose of the study is to analyze the level of social-economic development of united territorial communities in Ukraine and the choice of sustainable development strategies (adaptation, innovation, anti-crisis) for UTCs of different levels, identify problems of social-economic development and outline areas to address them. Research methods: generalization and scientific abstraction; system-structural and comparative analysis; economic and mathematical modeling; clustering. It has been established that the unification of different territories in Ukraine took place unevenly (with different levels of social-economic development). The study found that the unification of different territories in Ukraine took place unevenly due to different levels of their socio-economic development. It has been established that throughout Ukraine, communities with a low and high level of development predominate and to a lesser extent with a medium level of development. According to the results of the analysis, territorial communities were grouped into 3 regional clusters: cluster 1 – UTCs and territories with a high level of social-economic development (Kyiv and 9 regions); cluster 2 – UTCs and territories with an average level of social-economic development (6 regions); cluster 3 – UTCs and territories with a low level of social-economic development (10 regions). It has been proved that the social-economic development of UTCs is ensured by the improvement of financial, innovative, and investment activities of enterprises operating in communities. It has been proposed to apply an adaptation strategy of sustainable development for the territories of cluster 1; for cluster 2 - innovative strategy of sustainable development; for cluster 3 - anti-crisis strategy of sustainable development. Continuation of research in terms of determining the impact of enterprises on the socio-economic development of UTCs is promising not only in scientific terms but also to address the applied problems of developing a strategy for sustainable development at the level of individual UTCs in Ukraine. The studied methodology for the unification of territorial communities can be used to predict the further formation of UTCs in Ukraine and can be applied for territorial and administrative reforms in countries with uneven regional development.

The article substantiates the need to study the issues of strategic planning the development of the territories of the Russian Federation in modern economic conditions. The role of state regulation in solving the issues of rationalization in financial resources distribution to create optimum conditions to form the socio-economic environment of regional development is determined. The resource base of regional development is studied. The main problems affecting the formation of the system for regional development strategic planning are identified. Currently, the legislative and regulatory framework for strategic planning and forecasting available in Russia is mainly descriptive, which is a serious obstacle for the formation of a unified territorial development scheme. The problems presented in the article show that in this situation, the task of optimizing the system of centralized regions management advances to the forefront. It is the strategic vision of the formation of the national economic complex in the development of the state that will optimize this system. The most effective directions for the strategic development of Russian regions, forming the general level of state development are proposed. Despite the already established system of relatively independent planning regions' development by the regions themselves, the role of the state in the final determining the direction of socio-economic development in general remains unchanged. It is the state that chooses the methods of regulation. Solving these tasks will enable the state to form and control the system of strategic planning for the development of regions and the state as a whole as efficiently as possible.

Este artigo tem como objetivo o levantamento do conhecimento da população em geral e pelos profissionais da área de saúde, sobre o Sistema Único de Saúde brasileiro, seus campos de atuação e ações praticadas. Tendo em vista a influência e importância do mesmo para o desenvolvimento regional. Inicialmente foi realizada uma breve exposição sobre esses fatores de conhecimentos citados e uma pesquisa de levantamento de natureza aplicada e objetivo descritivo com delineamento transversal, para mensurar o nível de conhecimento do público-alvo. A pesquisa demonstrou que o nível de conhecimento da população sobre o assunto está abaixo do esperado, considerando a relevância do SUS, sua participação social e contribuição para o desenvolvimento regional.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the implementation of policies and conflicts between actors in restoring peatlands in HTI areas in Riau Province. This research method is qualitative. Secondary data is obtained through literature studies, or from other written sources that do not interact directly with the object of research in order to obtain data. Some of the secondary data used by researchers are documentation and data containing information on the theme of policy implementation, both from electronic and print media. The results of the study show that the inhibiting factors for the achievement of BRG's performance are First, overlapping policies related to the restoration area / map between the executors of activities, namely BRG and KLHK, which causes conflict. Second, coordination between central and local governments in the implementation of restoration so that the Riau Provincial Government is not proactive in supporting the restoration agenda. The Riau Province Environment and Forestry Service does not have a significant role in implementing the peatland restoration agenda in Riau. Third, the inactivity of the Riau Provincial Government is indicated by the fear of disruption to the Industrial Plantation Forest (HTI) and Oil Palm sectors due to peat restoration. This is related to the regional development agenda itself. The disruption of these two sectors has implications for the economy of Riau Province as a whole.

This exhibition is dedicated to the regional problems of rural areas in Bulgaria. The European dimensions of the territorial development of rural areas and their role for the socio-economic development of the population are successively considered. Gradually, the focus shifts to Bulgaria, addressing the main challenges facing rural areas. The territorial problems in front of the settlements, the emerging demographic problems accompanied by internal migrations, are presented. An analysis was made about the problems with employment, the deteriorated social infrastructure, and other problems, which show the real picture of the rural areas in Bulgaria. The overall analysis reveals the needs of rural areas and the state of the population in it. Recommendations are proposed for the implementation of targeted policies for regional rural development.

As a result of globalization and integration processes in the world appears a new society – a societyof intellectuals. An intellectually developed society ensures the development of the state. According tothe global trend, there is a need to form an educated, intelligent society in Kazakhstan. For the developmentof an intellectual society, it becomes necessary to assess the current state of the intellectual potentialof the country and its regions. The purpose of this article is to study existing methods for assessingintellectual potential, discussing their advantages and disadvantages, as well as the development of theauthor’s methodology for assessing the intellectual potential in the regions of Kazakhstan. The methodof a complex multifactorial index proposed by the authors makes it possible to assess the intellectualpotential of the regions of Kazakhstan in terms of education and science, innovation and social security.The practical significance of the article is an assessment of the current state of the intellectual potentialof the country and regions and will determine the direction of the development of intellectual potential.The theoretical significance of the article provides an opportunity to serve as a basis for the developmentof methods for assessing the intellectual potential for Kazakhstan and its regions. The study used logicalanalysis, analysis and synthesis, a systematic approach.The developed methodology for assessing the intellectual potential of the region will determine thelevel of the region’s innovative potential, compare the regions with the level of intellectual potential,differentiate the regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan by the level of intellectual potential and developprograms for regional development. Key words: intellectual potential, assessment methods, human capital in the regions.

The study aims to systematically examine the role of infrastructure investment on the quality of economic growth by using the regional panel data of 29 Chinese provinces. A comprehensive index is d...

Дранко Олег Иванович, д-р техн. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, Институт проблем управления им. В.А. Трапезникова Российской академии наук, г. Москва; olegdranko@gmail.com. Логиновский Олег Витальевич, д-р техн. наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой информационно-аналитического обеспечения управления в социальных и экономических системах, Южно-Уральский государственный университет, г. Челябинск; loginovskiiov@susu.ru. Приказчиков Сергей Александрович, младший научный сотрудник, Институт проблем управления им. В.А. Трапезникова Российской академии наук, г. Москва; prikazchikovs@yandex.ru. O.I. Dranko1, olegdranko@gmail.com, O.V. Loginovskiy2, loginovskiiov@susu.ru, S.A. Prikazchikov1, prikazchikovs@yandex.ru 1 V.A. Trapeznikov Institute of Control Sciences of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation 2 South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation Экономический кризис, вызванный пандемией COVID-19, приводит к значительному падению базы начисления налогов и доходов бюджета. Рассматривается экспресс-моделирование доходов регионального бюджета в зависимости от глубины кризиса. Делается оценка по одному из регионов – Челябинской области. Цель исследования. Построение механизма экспресс-оценки доходной части регионального бюджета на основании доступных статистических данных. Разработка комплексной модели прогнозирования показателей финансовой отчетности предприятий региона с последующим прогнозом доходной части регионального бюджета. Материалы и методы. Используются имитационные модели макроэкономических показателей доходов бюджета региона в увязке с моделью финансового прогнозирования показателей предприятий. Для обработки финансовой информации предприятий региона используются методы обработки больших массивов данных. Результаты. Построена модель, увязывающая изменение показателей финансовой отчетности предприятий с динамикой доходных статей регионального бюджета. На основании сценарных допущений проведены расчеты изменения показателей финансовой отчетности, налогооблагаемой базы предприятий региона, а также их вклада в региональный бюджет. Разработанная модель позволила сформировать прогноз доходной части бюджета в условиях коронакризиса. Заключение. Данный подход позволяет объединить мезо- и микроэкономические подходы и проводить моделирование экономического развития региона как многоуровневой системы. Предложенная модель является типовой и может применяться для анализа развития других регионов страны. The economic crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic leads to a significant drop in incomes and tax payments. We consider express modeling of regional budget revenues depending on the depth of the crisis. The assessment is made for one of the Russian regions – the Chelyabinsk region. Purpose of the study. To build a mechanism based on available statistics for express estimation of the regional budget revenues. The comprehensive model for forecasting the region's enterprises' financial results, followed by a forecast of the regional budget revenues, was worked out. Materials and methods. Simulation models of macroeconomic indicators of the region's budget revenues are used in conjunction with enterprises' financial forecasting models. Big Data Analytics was applied to process financial statement data of the regional enterprises. Results. The model links the change in enterprises' financial results with the regional budget revenue dynamics. Based on scenario assumptions, the calculation of the change in financial results and tax bases of regional enterprises was made and the estimation of their contribution to the regional budget. The model allowed to form a forecast of revenues of the budget in the COVID-19 pandemic conditions. Conclusion. This approach combines meso- and microeconomics approaches and simulates the region's economic development as a multilevel system. The proposed model is universal and can be applied to consider the development of any Russian region.

The subject of the research is the relationship between the amount of fiscal equalization grants and the length of transport routes in the regions. The study aims to test the hypothesis that the current formula for intergovernmental equalization creates disincentives for developing the road network in the regions. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that equalizing interterritorial inequality and regional infrastructural development are the most important goals of regional policy, whose instruments should not contradict. The current formula for distributing fiscal equalization grants contains a negative relationship between the length of transport routes in the regions and the amount of the transfer. That is, with an increase in the length of roads, the amount of grants to regions with initially low transport accessibility decreases. The author used the method of simulation modeling to quantify the reduction in grants to regions with low transport accessibility in the case of an increase in the length of roads in 2020 and to assess the potential impact of this decrease on the policy of regional authorities. As a result , the author revealed that while maintaining the current dynamics of road construction, an increase in the length of transport routes will lead to a decrease in the volume of grants to regions within 1%, which is insignificant regarding incentives. However, with an increase in the road network of hard-to-reach regions by one and a half times or more, this decrease may become critical. The work provides the estimate of the minimum additional fiscal revenue required to compensate for the lost income of the region with an increase in the length of transport routes. A further study may provide more details on the impact of the road industry development on the own revenues of regional budgets.

In the current crisis economic conditions, the public-private partnership (PPP) mechanism can be used as one of the key ways to attract extra-budgetary sources of funds for the implementation of investment projects at the regional level. Despite the growing number of PPP projects in Russia, the presence of significant institutional constraints at the regional level hinder the further development of this mechanism. In particular, there is a lack of interconnection of PPP projects with long-term investment and state development programs at the regional level, low sectoral diversity of projects, high dependence of PPP projects on state financial institutions, and insufficient information support of regional PPP practices. The situation is aggravated by the lack of long-term money in the economy against the backdrop of limited private partners’ funds for the implementation of long-term PPP projects, as well as by existing legal restrictions. The practical purpose and scientific value of this article lie in the construction of a holistic and logical vision of solving the identified institutional problems of PPP development at the regional level.

We investigate regional growth regimes in the US states from 1980 to 2014. Based on start-up rates and employment growth as suggested by Audretsch and Fritsch (2002), we classify states into routinized, entrepreneurial, revolving door, and downsizing regimes. The results indicate that there was no significant association between start-up rates and employment growth in the 1980s, but a positive relationship in the 1990s, 2000s, and 2010s. Further, we document that the entrepreneurial and the downsizing regimes are attractor regimes that tend to stick, whereas the routinized and revolving door regimes are transitionary regimes. Importantly, states in the routinized regime predominantly move to the downsizing regime, suggesting that an over-reliance on established companies relative to start-ups in the state may threaten employment growth in the long run.

This study aims to find out the influence of internal control and individual morality on the prevention of fraud on PT. Regional Development Bank of Southeast Sulawesi. The population in this research is all employees of PT. Southeast Sulawesi Regional Development Bank as many as 55 employees and sampling techniques, namely saturated sampling. The results showed that partial internal control has a cynical effect on the prevention of fraud, individual morality has a significant effect on the prevention of fraud and simultaneously free variables, i.e. internal control and individual morality have a significant influence on the prevention of fraud in PT. Regional Development Bank of Southeast Sulawesi. The coefficient test of determination shows the value of R Square of 0.838 this indicates that the ability of dependent variables is able to explain the variable dependency with a coefficient of determination of 83.8% while the remaining 16.2% is explained by other variables that are not studied. This indicates that the better internal control and individual morality applied, the risk of fraud will be small.

The deep inequalities in Latin America require a territorial emphasis on diagnosis and policy recommendations in order to promote human and sustainable development. To contribute to this objective, a composite and multidimensional regional development index appropriate to the particular Latin American context is proposed. The index confirms: 1) the existence of large territorial development gaps; 2) a general situation of medium to low regional development; 3) a heterogeneity in the distribution between regions of the factors that favor or delay development. The index shows potential as a tool to identify specific challenges in each region and, within the framework of a multi-stakeholder and multi-level dialogue, contribute to generating impactful territorial development agendas.

Shared Service Centres (SSCs) may lead to job creation in the professional field in the less developed EU region. By 2015, in the CEE region, the number of employees in this sector exceeded 335 000 and the trend tends to be increasing heavily. Looking at the actual numbers of the sector, the author tries to define the main decision making factors for a SSC to settle down in the region. The paper focuses on the evaluation of possibilities, arguing if the development of the SSC sector can continue creating jobs in this region. KEYWORDS: regional development, education, technological change, economic development, growth, shared service centres. JEL CODES: O10, O30, R11. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15181/rfds.v23i1.1678

To contribute to the debate on the importance of state vis-a-vis inter-firm competition in regional development, this paper examines a representative dataset of the relocation of manufacturing firm...

This study makes two contributions by, first, developing ‘variegated agglomeration of multi-scalar state spatial strategies’ as a conceptual innovation for theorizing the Belt and Road Initiative (...

As the Pacific region has become more strategically contested, regional powers have intensified their use of defence diplomacy. As a result, the number and scale of military Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief (HADR) deployments, exercises and cooperative security ventures being undertaken in the South Pacific have dramatically increased. Yet despite the assumption that defence diplomacy has furthered the political objectives of initiating states and benefitted Pacific Island Countries (PICs), few studies have examined the reality of these claims. This lack of research is concerning, particularly considering the long term impacts these activities may have on regional development, stability and security in the South Pacific. In this paper, we evaluate defence diplomacy in the South Pacific. Comparative case studies were undertaken on Australia, China and New Zealand, as these countries have recently expanded their defence presence in the region.

From a global perspective, higher education institution (HEIs) contribute to regional development through different ways, depending on the local or national context, policy frameworks, and institut...