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In the current study, a Dutch whole school Positive Education Programme (PEP) was investigated. PEP is a bottom-up programme, aimed at shifting teacher’s attention from solely focusing on learning outcomes towards a more comprehensive approach that takes the wellbeing and engagement of students during classes into account. PEP was investigated through a clustered quasi-experimental trial. Four primary schools, 639 pupils, were included, of which two were allocated to PEP. Multilevel analyses showed no significant differences on any of the outcomes. However, the data indicated a trend towards more engagement in the intervention schools (p =.09). Also, at post-measurement, the proportion of sufficiently engaged students was significantly higher in the intervention schools. Although it seems too premature to draw conclusions regarding the effectiveness of such a whole school approach, the findings on engagement are promising and have the potential to engender a wide range of other beneficial outcomes.

Education policies worldwide have encouraged the entry and permanence of nonteaching support professionals in schools. During the last decade, Chilean regulations have allowed a massive incorporation of these professionals—mostly school psychologists and social workers—in publicly funded schools. However, there is scarce evidence regarding the actions of these professionals, including whether and how they align with whole-school approaches. In this study, we constructed and validated scales to assess professional practices aligned with universal prevention and whole-school approaches deployed by nonteaching professionals in schools. Participants were 329 professionals from municipal, private subsidized, and private Chilean schools. Psychometric properties were analyzed through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses for construct validation and with Cronbach’s alpha for internal consistency. The results show that the instruments had adequate psychometric properties in terms of validity and reliability, allowing the assessment of four types of practices: individual socioemotional and academic support, group socioemotional and academic support, leadership practices, and interdisciplinary collaborative practices. We argue that these practices can be theoretically organized based on whole-school prevention and promotion strategies. Preliminary mean comparisons show that the most prevalent practice is through individual supports. We highlight the need to provide sound instruments that may allow comprehensive assessments of the actions deployed by nonteaching support professionals in whole-school improvement efforts.

School improvement has become a goal in many education systems globally, with the mantra of ‘whole school change’ adopted as key to achieving that goal. However, whole school change is complex and interpreted variously. In Australia, a case in point is the drive to lift literacy outcomes. Drawing on qualitative data from a study of literacy teaching practice in one Australian state, this article aims to unravel the multiple meanings and enactments of whole school approaches to literacy. The study established that while most participating schools espoused such an approach to literacy improvement, the ways in which they enacted this approach varied, with different types and levels of change emerging. Combining Cuban’s orders of change framework (focussed on purposes) and May’s phases of school readiness for change (focussed on processes), we developed a three-level framework of whole school change: external, pragmatically driven change; structural and/or nascent cultural change; and internal, culturally driven change. Taking this multidimensional approach to understanding whole school improvement sheds light both on its complexity and on the challenges of sustainability. Two clear implications arise from the findings: the importance of focussing simultaneously on purpose and process, and the necessity of systemic support.

espanolEste texto analiza el sentido y alcance del concepto de «ideario educativo constitucional» del art. 27.2 CE desde el punto de vista de la doctrina y de la jurisprudencia, y lo contrasta con su aplicacion real en las escuelas. Se examinan los cuatro escenarios judiciales en los que ha sido necesario su uso: limite del ideario de las escuelas privadas, ensenanza en casa, asignatura «Educacion para la ciudadania» y ensenanza diferenciada por genero. Se concluye que debe educarse en clase para la democracia, pero tambien que toda la escuela debe organizarse democraticamente a partir del concepto de educacion inclusiva. EnglishThis text analyses the meaning and scope of the concept of «constitutional educational principles» in Article 27.2 SC from the point of view of doctrine and jurisprudence, and contrasts it with its actual application in schools. It examines the four judicial scenarios in which its use has been necessary: limit of the idea of private schools, home schooling, subject «Education for citizenship» and single-sex education. It is concluded that it must be educated in class for democracy, but also that the whole school must be organized democratically on the basis of the concept of inclusive education.

This study describes a number of action research projects conducted by educational managers at a teacher training institution in Uganda. The central research question was: how can we use action res...

This article briefly examines Guidance Counselling in the Irish context. An analysis of the current decision-making climate and context suggests that there is a need to develop responsible decision...

It is well documented that the most effective sexuality education programmes employ a whole-school learning approach. More specifically, when schools and their leaders and teachers embrace such an ...

BACKGROUND As attention to the potential negative outcomes of childhood trauma has grown, so have calls for schools to take an active role in supporting students experiencing trauma. These calls extend beyond efforts initiated by individual schools to include those mandated by state law, which largely focus on teacher training and on screening for adversity. METHODS This article explores the evidence base and limitations for current approaches in state law and explores how policies to address other student health, safety, and wellness issues can help either ameliorate or exacerbate students' experiences with trauma. RESULTS Few trainings for nonclinical staff have rigorous evidence of effectiveness, and based on evidence of teacher trainings on other topics, cannot work in environments that do not actively reinforce and encourage the application of that knowledge. Trainings also largely do not acknowledge the structures and systems, including systemic racism within schools, that may contribute to disparate rates of adversity for black and American Indian and Alaskan Native children. Screening carries several risks, including confounding adversity with experiencing trauma, missing broader contextual adversity, and potentially retraumatizing children. CONCLUSIONS State policymakers need to take a more holistic approach in creating policies to support students experiencing trauma.

The purpose of this study was to examine internal and external supports of an information technology themed (whole school) urban magnet high school located in a low-income urban community within the Southeastern region of the United States. We found the academy to be an exemplary case study for how schools can build a high profile reputation with investment from key stakeholders within the district and school as well as with the community, business/industry, and postsecondary partners. The internal investment of the school was spearheaded by not only the principal, but also district leaders (e.g., superintendent) as well. The career specialist opened the doors to external investment (e.g., business/industry, community members, postsecondary partners). Characteristics that contributed to the academy’s success included effective school leadership, effective communication, and ongoing collaboration.

BACKGROUND The Whole School, Whole Community, Whole Child (WSCC) framework supports the “whole child” across 10 domains. This study assessed state law and district policy WSCC coverage. METHODS Primary legal research was used to compile relevant district policies and state laws for a stratified random sample of 368 public school districts across 20 states for school year 2017‐18. Policies/laws were evaluated on 79 items across the WSCC domains (range: 3‐14 items/domain). Multivariable regressions examined the relationship between state laws and district policies, controlling for district characteristics, and weighted to account for the sample design and non‐response. RESULTS On average, district policies and state laws addressed 53% and 60% of the 79 items, respectively. State law predicted district policy WSCC attention across items (coeff. = 0.26, 95% CI = 0.14, 0.38) and 4 domains: physical activity (coeff. = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.29, 0.86); health services (coeff. = 0.50, 95% CI = 0.39, 0.62); social and emotional climate (coeff. = 0.34, 95% CI = 0.23, 0.45); and family engagement (coeff. = 0.41, 95% CI = 0.28, 0.54). State law was associated with lower district‐level coverage in 3 domains (health education; counseling, psychological, and social services; and community involvement). CONCLUSIONS Although WSCC implementation is locally‐driven, states have an active role to play in setting a policy “floor” for guiding district WSCC attention.

BACKGROUND The Whole School, Whole Community, Whole Child (WSCC) model is an evidence‐based comprehensive framework to address health in schools. WSCC model use improves health and educational outcomes, but implementation remains a challenge. METHODS Working with 6 schools in 2 districts in the Midwest, we used a mixed‐methods approach to determine the people, systems, and messages needed to activate WSCC implementation. We report on social network analysis and message testing findings and research translation to develop the Healthy Schools Toolkit. RESULTS Social networks for both districts included more than 150 individuals. Both demonstrated network densities less than half of the desirable threshold, with evidence of clustering by role and minimal cross‐school relationships, posing challenges for WSCC implementation. Across stakeholder groups, messages that emphasize empathy, teamwork, and action were well‐received, especially when shared by trusted individuals through communication channels that align with stakeholder needs. CONCLUSIONS The Healthy Schools Toolkit provides an example of a translational product that helps to bridge research with practice. With features that highlight 6 design principles, the toolkit provides complementary activities that schools and districts can use as they plan for integration of the WSCC model.

The Comprehensive School Physical Activity Program (CSPAP) is a whole-school model for increasing opportunities throughout the school day for access to physical activity (PA). Opportunities for PA during the school day are an important part of the field of kinesiology and critical to individuals’ developing patterns of lifetime PA. Guided by Guskey’s theory of teacher change, this scoping literature review summarizes findings from 29 studies that collected data concerning the perceptions of stakeholders in a CSPAP. Teachers’ lifelong learning process is the focus, including K-12 classroom and physical education teachers and students, as well as current preservice classroom and physical education teacher education students and education faculty at teacher-preparation institutions. Positive perceptions of CSPAP programs were reported by all stakeholder groups. Although studies often include barriers to implementation, the stakeholders generally shared strategies to overcoming these and focused on benefits to the school setting that the researchers explained in their discussions.

The delivery of a comprehensive career guidance service in secondary schools through the whole school model that equips students with requisite career learning and development competencies has garnered credence in recent years. This article deliberates on the current situation of this type of provision in secondary schools in Ireland and England and the implications for professional practice in both countries. Specifically, it considers the conditions that could support the delivery of a whole school approach to career guidance through the concept of professional capital.

The needs of struggling literacy learners beyond the early years of schooling warrant greater attention. For struggling literacy learners to attain their academic, vocational, and social goals, schools should position literacy as a whole school priority and enhance opportunities for student literacy learning across all learning areas. However, it is not known if literacy is typically supported as a whole school commitment in contemporary secondary schools. This paper draws on survey data from the Australian nation-wide 2019 Supporting Struggling Secondary Literacy Learners (SSSLL) project. Findings suggest that many mainstream secondary school teachers do not perceive that there is a whole-school approach to support struggling literacy learners in their schools, or that there are adequate strategies and supports to meet the needs of struggling literacy learners in their schools. Findings also suggest that regardless of place, school leadership commitment to ensuring that struggling literacy learners have their literacy skills developed across all learning areas may be crucial to the realization of a supportive whole-school culture for struggling literacy learners.

BACKGROUND District wellness policies provide an avenue to advance the Whole School, Whole Community, Whole Child (WSCC) model. The extent to which wellness policies currently align with WSCC is unclear; to-date, tools have been unavailable to examine this issue. METHODS We reviewed written health-focused policies among 37 school districts in Los Angeles County in 2017 utilizing a 54-item tool designed to examine the quality of policies in the 10 WSCC domains. Descriptive analyses explored overall and domain-specific comprehensiveness and strength; simple negative binomial regression models examined differences in the policy quality and structure by legislated status. RESULTS Approximately half of expected policies were present in wellness policies (mean comprehensiveness score = 52.65, ±18.09)

Purpose Supporting the mental health of children and young people is a global priority. The issue is not specific to England. However, evidence suggests that one in ten children and young people in England has a mental health need. This represents approximately three students in every classroom. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the role of schools in supporting children and young people’s mental health. Whilst the paper acknowledges that teachers are not trained health professionals, it is argued that a whole-school approach to mental health can support individuals in schools to remain mentally healthy. The elements of a whole-school approach are identified and discussed and some of the challenges in relation to implementation are considered. Critical to the development of a whole-school approach is the commitment from the school leadership team to promoting student and staff wellbeing. Design/methodology/approach This is a policy paper not an empirical study. Findings This paper has outlined the policy context in the UK in relation to children and young people’s mental health. It has addressed the risk and protective factors which can cause or mitigate against mental ill health and it has outlined the elements of a whole-school approach to mental health. Originality/value This paper explores the contribution that schools can make to supporting students’ mental health. There is limited research which addresses mental health in young people from a non-therapeutic angle.

Systems coaching is a professional development approach focusing on the implementation fidelity of evidence-based practices and whole school reform efforts such as Response to Intervention (RtI). H...

The numerical ability of Irish students in international and national assessments is weaker than for literacy, particularly among higher-performing students. The aim of this study was to design a national teacher professional development programme to encourage teachers at post-primary level to develop numeracy competency across the post-primary curriculum. The project explored how numeracy and mathematics can be integrated meaningfully and constructively in a range of carrier subjects and explore how these subjects can, in turn, influence the manner in which relevant concepts can be addressed in mathematics lessons. The theory underpinning the effective design followed a model of professional development incorporating four strategies. The study was conducted over three school years and the pedagogical approaches adopted by teachers in the cross-curricular integration of numeracy are presented. How the approach supported teachers¿ learning is also presented according to a model of teacher agency in professional development and school reform, examining (i) individual practice (ii) outcomes (iii) perceived work context and (iv) school reform. The discussion points which arise describe the community of practice that evolved and the readiness of the participant teachers to embrace professional development in preparation for curricular reform. peer-reviewed

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the literature on whole school approaches to increasing resilience in pupils. This is pertinent with the increase in children and young people’s mental health needs creating extra pressure on schools to foster young people’s ability to withstand stress and adversity. Whilst previous research works have considered the ways in which schools support their pupils, the extent to which resilience has been reliably measured has varied. Recently, several validated resilience measures have been developed which allows for potentially more robust research to take place. This systematic review therefore summarises and critiques the literature exploring whole school approaches to resilience development only where a validated measure has been used. In total, 11 studies were reviewed and demonstrate that there is a trend between school factors and pupil resilience. The importance of supportive relationships with both peers and staff in school is highlighted in several studies as well as the positive effect of including a robust health promoting school’s agenda situated within local communities. However, the number of limitations identified within the current literature suggests that this review is not able to offer clear recommendations to schools. This review will, however, be helpful to schools, local authorities and the government in allowing them to take more of a critical stance in understanding resilience within a school context.,A total of 11 critically evaluated studies were reviewed and demonstrate that there is a trend between school factors and pupil resilience.,The importance of supportive relationships with both peers and staff in school is highlighted in several studies as well as the positive effect of including a robust health promoting school’s agenda situated within local communities.,However, the number of limitations identified within the current literature suggests that this review is not able to offer clear recommendations to schools. There are no studies in the UK using validated resiliency questionnaires as part of their evaluation and this is a limitation to the literature.,This review will, however, be helpful to schools, local authorities and the government in allowing them to take more of a critical stance in understanding resilience within a school context. This is particularly relevant when considering the needs of evaluation before the implementation of new school programmes.

Structural vulnerability illuminates how social positionings shape outcomes for marginalized individuals, like migrant farmworkers, who are often Latino, indigenous, and/or undocumented. Furthering scholarship on negotiating constraints, we explore how school employees (here, Migrant Advocates) broker health care access for migrant farmworker families. Ethnographic research in central Florida showed that Advocates perform similar functions as community health workers while experiencing similar dilemmas. We propose combining medical anthropological insights with the CDC’s Whole School, Whole Community, Whole Child model, conceptualizing schools as an important site for families’ wellbeing, recognizing brokerage roles of staff, and offering new directions for migrant health scholars.

When the students enter the class room at 8 am. they begin their day with half an hour of silence. Silence in the good, intense way, which signals immersion, practice and contentment. 30 minutes of reading every morning at the start of the school day has meant a great improvement of the reading development amongst Danish students. The outcome is competent and fast readers. Further more the children and young adults maintain their joy of reading and the problem with book droppers is countered. Morning reading is a help to all students: the talented, the weak and the immigrants.

The restructuring of the Library at The Hills Grammar School in 2007, has provided a broader concept that links and connects the whole school community (students, teachers and parents) through research, knowledge and learning involving a wide range of collaborative practices and information communication technologies. A deliberate renaming of both the Library to NEXUS and the title of the Teacher Librarian 7-12 to Faculty Liaison Teacher Librarian was necessary to intentionally shift the mindset of staff away from the traditional Library paradigm to reflect the collaborative nature of the newly established centre and to provide the catalyst for change.

Purpose: The effectiveness of the 14-component evidence-based whole-school reform Success for All (SfA) has been well established, but research on its implementation is limited although fidelity of implementation is vital for the effectiveness of such a program. This review sheds light on this issue. Design/Approach/Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted to acquire an overview of qualitative and quantitative aspects of SfA’s implementation in primary schools as well as to identify stimulating and hindering factors when implementing SfA. Sixteen studies, conducted in the United States and the United Kingdom, were included in this review. Findings: Results indicate that 48% of schools implemented SfA at the minimal level, 45% at a more advanced level, and 7% at an insufficient level. Information on the implementation for each of the 14 components was rare. Most of the factors that affected implementation were hindering factors rather than stimulating ones. For successful implementation of this evidence-based program, the crucial factors appear to be leadership, fulfilling organizational conditions, staff development, and relentlessly implementing all 14 components together. Originality/Value: This review shows that for an evidence-based program to be effective, implementation fidelity is a very serious concern, which needs to be addressed systematically.

Today, the teaching profession faces an unprecedented number of challenges in supporting and retaining high-quality teachers. Burnout, stress, and fatigue impact heavily on the engagement of educators, which in turn impacts on the quality of education students receive. Yet responding to teacher wellbeing remains an ongoing challenge particularly in relation to understanding mechanisms that can support wellbeing at a whole school level. The issue is made more problematic in a system that often prioritises student achievement over physical and mental health, and relationships, both in staff and student communities. There are now a number of initiatives that seek to augment the wellbeing of staff and students, yet little research has been undertaken into the impact of open education mechanisms on developing and enhancing wellbeing within the teaching profession. Thus, this chapter responds by providing a case study of one such open education initiative, the online Wellbeing Toolkit, that has now been undertaken by more than 7000 educators in Australian schools. Based on an extensive analysis of both quantitative and qualitative data sources, this chapter concludes that there are many opportunities for future open education initiatives to learn from the implementation of the Wellbeing Toolkit: an effective whole school intervention that successfully supports the wellbeing of schools regardless of location, resources, or access to funding.

Big data is built on the foundation of today’s horse racing technology. The rise and development of big data has become one of the most typical features of the industry’s Internetization in the new IT era. The data stored in the world has overflowed every database, and industry big data has become the focus of attention of all walks of life. Governments at all levels and all enterprises and institutions hope to dig out high-quality, high-value-added data from big data. Information, and use it to improve their profit and service model, and enhance their status in the public and industry. In the era of big data, for libraries that provide teaching and scientific research services to the teachers and students of the school, they can use efficient and fast information technology, such as big data analysis, to conduct in-depth analysis and analysis of various data in university libraries. Digging, effectively understanding the reading situation of the whole school, and analyzing their reading hobbies and reading habits, the library can effectively use this information to improve the types of books purchased by the library, which can more effectively increase resource utilization.

peer-reviewed Internationally, insufficient physical activity (PA) is a major health concern. Children in Northern Ireland (NI) are recorded as having the lowest levels of PA in the United Kingdom (UK). To date, validated and representative data on the PA levels of NI school children are limited. The aim of this study was to provide surveillance data on self-reported PA, sport and physical education (PE) participation of school children in NI. Differences between genders and factors associated with PA were also examined. A representative sample of primary (n = 446) and post-primary (n = 1508) children was surveyed in school using validated self-report measures. Findings suggest that PA levels are low, with a minority of children (13%) meeting the PA guidelines (primary pupils 20%, post-primary pupils 11%). NI school children have lower levels of PA, PE and sports participation than UK and European peers. A trend of age-related decline across all the domains of PA was apparent. The data presented highlighted that females are less likely to achieve PA guidelines, children from lower socio-economic background participate in school and community sport less often, and that enjoyment and social support are important variables in PA adherence. Policy solutions that would support implementation e.g., mandatory minimum PE time, whole school approaches to PA promotion and targeted investment in schools, particularly in areas of deprivation and for females, are suggested.

In learning and life, there will always be challenges, requiring resilience to overcome, adapt, and persist in the face of adversity. Resilience is a key aspect of mental health and lifelong learning, reflected in the vision, key competencies, and health-related elements of the New Zealand Curriculum (Ministry of Education, 2007). Working on the understanding that schools can and should help learners to develop resilience, this article shares a recent inquiry undertaken by a full primary school in New Zealand (NZ), as part of a Teacher-Led Innovation Fund (TLIF) project. The inquiry approach and main findings are outlined, along with resources, and suggestions for schools striving to build a shared understanding of resilience among teachers, students, and parents. Our inquiry attests to the power of a whole school approach to the learning of resilience, underpinned by relational connections, the language of resilience and cross-curricula integration, as well as informal learning.

Despite the introduction of childcare subsidies in many countries, the cost of childcare is still thought to hinder parental employment. Many governments are considering increasing the generosity of their childcare subsidies, but the a priori effect of such a policy is ambiguous and little is known empirically about its likely impact. This paper compares the effects on parents' labour supply of offering free part-time childcare and of expanding this offer to the whole school day in England using an empirical strategy which, unlike previous studies, exploits both date of birth discontinuities and panel data. We find that the provision of free part-time childcare has little, if any, causal impact on the labour market outcomes of mothers or fathers. Increasing the number of hours of free childcare to cover a full school day, however, leads to significant increases in the labour supply of mothers whose youngest child is eligible, with impacts emerging immediately and increasing over the months following entitlement.

Today, children are less active than previous generations leading to an increased prevalence of morbidity associated with physical inactivity. Globally, full-day preschool is rapidly becoming the norm. Thus, the amount of time that a child spends outside the home is an opportunity for schools and teachers to educate children about the importance of participating in physical activity and making healthy eating choices. One approach to comprehensively offer opportunities for physical activity and healthy eating is called Whole School, Whole Community, Whole Child, which intertwines academic success and promotion of healthy behaviors. Particularly for adolescent children, multicomponent approaches that include both school and family or community involvement have the most significant potential to make meaningful differences in the rate of physical activity participation. For young children, teacher training, resources, and equipment are needed to achieve equity across programs and schools, because these are predictors of physical activity participation. Further, school policies, administrative support, modeling by teachers, and the use of cues and incentives can have a positive effect. The purpose of this paper is to describe the benefits of contemporary, evidence-based models for providing opportunities for health behaviors in school from early childhood to adolescence.

This chapter expands the discussions on value-creating global citizenship education as a pedagogical approach which has been developed by taking the growing, worldwide phenomena of Soka studies in education as a focal point of inquiry. The chapter introduces Soka or value-creating education developed by the Japanese educators, Tsunesaburo Makiguchi (1871–1944), Josei Toda (1900–1958), and Daisaku Ikeda (b. 1928). In considering the pedagogical and ontological contributions made through a study of Asian perspectives, the chapter discusses value-creating global citizenship education and its six themes for praxis that can be used for teaching within formal, non-formal, and informal education settings across a variety of different subjects and disciplines, and most effectively through a whole school approach.

In the current era of disruption, education is demanded to have good quality so that it can improve the ability to compete with school needs. A school has quality when it has good accreditation scores. In Indonesia, school accreditation is referred to in grades A, B, C. School accreditation for: obtaining an assessment of schools that can be used as a tool for coaching, developing, and improving quality; determine the level of eligibility of a school in providing education services. Schools must be able to improve each other's performance by meeting 8 national education standards. In the accreditation process, a school / madrasah is evaluated in its approval with direction and approval, also prepared for the whole school / madrasah as a place of learning. Although various differences occur in schools / madrasas, schools / madrasas are evaluated according to certain standards. Standards are expected to support and create an atmosphere conducive to the growth of education and provide direction to support oneself that is supported, as well as providing incentives to continue to increase the expected achievements. In accreditation schools / madrasas must recognize their strengths and weaknesses and make continuous efforts to increase their strengths and improve their weaknesses.

Blended learning, which is proved to have a promising future, has incomparable advantages in learning and teaching practice. Taking English Department of North China Electric Power University as a case, the status quo of blended learning in college English learning and teaching has been investigated by adopting questionnaires and interviews. The results show that although both students and teachers have rigid demand for blended learning, the satisfactory degree is low. Implications and suggestions are further given to make improvement in terms of multimedia application, teachers, students and managers. By taking both students and teachers into consideration, a comparatively complete description of the status quo of blended learning in English Department of NCEPU has been formed, which set a good example for other departments and at the same time motivates the whole school to update their learning and teaching patterns.

Teachers highlighted the need to work on basic skills like dictionary work, in order for the greater focus on independence to translate into more effective feedback for children. Interviews and feedback throughout the project showed children had mixed views about marking, in much the same way that they had done with the research approach. Due to the differing needs and expectations across school it was decided that a ‘one size fits all’ approach would not be appropriate, so each year group was asked to review and reflect on the marking policy and its appropriateness for their children. Teachers were beginning to reflect on why children marked and how they could change their own practise to ensure feedback was meaningful. Teachers were given a journal and time was set aside at the beginning of each staff meeting to allow them to reflect on the project over the previous week and record any thoughts/positives/negatives.

This study aims to describe the form of religious culture applied in SMA Negeri 2 Sijunjung and how the principal in implementing religious culture. The type of research used is qualitative descriptive. Informant research as many as 8 people. Data collection tools are researchers as key instruments and supporting instruments are interview guides, observation guides, field notes, and hp. Data collection techniques are participatory observation, in-depth interview and documentation study. Data analysis technique using Spradley (1980) model is doing domain analysis, carrying out taxonomic analysis, doing component analysis and doing theme analysis. Techniques of testing the validity of data using triangulation of data and methods. The results showed that starting planning, organizing, implementing and supervising religious programs such as Zuhr prayers in congregation, zikir and prayer, tadarrus al-qur'an, culture 5S, and infak and gebu program applied in SMA Negeri 2 Sijunjung, head the school always involves all the citizens of the school ranging from teachers, education personnel, school committees, and security guards. It is implemented by the school principal and the whole school community through chanting, habituation, giving advice (motivation), and the commemoration of Islamic day (PHBI). So that these religious activities can run well in SMA Negeri 2 Sijunjung.

This paper presents some of the emerging outcomes from the experiences of a Maltese school that decided to embrace the philosophy of inclusion using a whole school approach based on the social model of disability. This was a qualitative study based on focus groups. A thematic analysis was used within an interpretative approach of hermeneutic phenomenology. Most schools in Malta now include ‘inclusive’ settings. This entails the use of a class Learning Support Assistant who is assigned to one or more classes where there are one or more children statemented as having learning difficulties. It is the usual practice for most Learning Support Assistants (LSAs) to follow the same child/children exclusively. All too frequently, teachers work separately. The outcome of the teachers' work has little or no effect on and is not affected by the actions of other educators. Teachers do their own work with their class and LSAs do their own work with the disabled student/s in class. The aim of the research was to generally explore the whole experience of one school in including disabled learners. The specific research questions for this part of the study were the following: 1. How can teaching teams reduce the barriers to education for all learners? 2. What practices within this model support or hinder the inclusion and education of disabled learners in a mainstream environment? Finally, there will be an attempt to expose the idealised notions of the fundamental principle of "schools for all". Social justice, disability, equality and human rights issues that underpin the social model of disability are being responded to within the "Special" Education discourse, creating exclusionary practice and inequalities within education.

Research indicates that involving families in school efforts to prevent and manage bullying behaviour is essential to success. Parents can influence their children's involvement in bullying situations by modelling positive social behaviour, offering advice about appropriate responses to bullying, and encouraging help-seeking. This paper reports family-related findings from the three-year group randomized control trial of the Friendly Schools Friendly Families (FSFF) intervention, which provided training and whole-school, classroom and family resources to build the capacity of schools to prevent bullying victimization and perpetration. Over 1400 parents and carers of Grades 2, 4 and 6 school students completed a survey at baseline and two post-tests. Parents exposed to the FSFF parent component received resources about ways to reduce bullying, build parenting skills and enhance parent–child communication; they also completed home activities with their children; and were encouraged to engage with their children’s school to reduce bullying. Mothers and fathers reported significant increases in the frequency of discussions with their child about bullying. Mothers were more likely than fathers to give pro-social, passive and help-seeking advice compared to fathers, who were more likely to encourage their child to ‘fight back’. The intervention improved fathers’ perceptions of their influence on children’s responses to being bullied. These results highlight the importance of working with both male and female caregivers when addressing children’s bullying behaviour. The findings also demonstrate that a parent intervention can have a positive impact on parent–child communication about bullying when it is an integral part of a whole-school approach.

The Special Educational Needs Coordinator (SENCO) role in England has been formally established since 1994 to support inclusion. In 2009 it became mandatory for every new SENCO in a mainstream school in England to gain a postgraduate qualification in special educational needs coordination within three years of taking up a post, which includes a compulsory practitioner research component. This study examined 100 assignment abstracts from 50 SENCOs submitted as part of the postgraduate qualification delivered in one university in England between 2015 and 2017. Data were analysed using thematic analysis in Nvivo and yielded four principles underpinning SENCO practice at pupil and whole school levels including diversity in SENCO practice, meaningful assessment, evidence-informed practice and evaluating impact. The findings are discussed in the light of developments in policy and practice in the education of pupils with special educational needs and/or disabilities since the Warnock Report in 1978.

Education policy increasingly promotes action groups as a key strategy for student and/or staff participation in school improvement and whole‐school health promotion. Such groups can coordinate multi‐component interventions, increase participation and engagement, and enable local adaptations, but few process evaluations have assessed this. We evaluated fidelity, feasibility and acceptability of action groups as part of a trial of a whole‐school intervention to reduce bullying and aggression and promote health in English secondary schools, which reported multiple health and educational impacts. Action groups involved students and staff, supported by external facilitators, and drew on data on student needs. They aimed to: coordinate implementation of restorative practices and a social and emotional competencies curriculum; review policies and rules; and enact local decisions to modify school environments. Our process evaluation used interviews, focus groups, observations and questionnaires to assess action groups’ fidelity, role in coordination, role in local adaptation, support from external facilitators and data on student needs, and acceptability in engaging members. Fidelity was high in the first two years but lower in the third year when external facilitators withdrew. Student needs data were perceived as useful, but views on external facilitators were mixed. Groups successfully reviewed policies and rules, planned activities and coordinated restorative practices, but were less successful in implementing the curriculum. Success was facilitated by the involvement of school leaders. Members reported high satisfaction and empowerment. Action groups are a promising strategy for leading whole‐school health promotion. Implementation is supported by external facilitation, local data and involvement of senior managers.

This paper analyzes the effect and impact that teachers' practicum experiences in Early Childhood Education and Primary Education bachelor's degrees generate on the people and institutions involved (schools and Faculties of education) in the opinion of students, tutors and institutional leaders. From a qualitative and descriptive perspective, we carried out a multiple case study in 16 schools that host trainee students from the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and the Universitat de Lleida, in their third and fourth course of their bachelor's degree. The data collection process combined semi-structured interviews (N = 102) with coordinators, students and tutors from schools and faculties of both bachelor's degrees, analysis of 28 students' practicum reports and 2 focus groups with institutional leaders for contrasting our findings. The data analysis consists of a mixed codification and categorization process. Results show that the practicum contributes to the development of student capacities and has a positive effect on the professional development of school and faculty supervisors. In contrast, the effect that the practicum could generate in the institutions involved is lower than might be expected. The practicum generates work dynamics that cause an impact mainly on the class level, but not on the whole school; in faculties, it generates an indirect repercussion through the faculty tutors, as long as they update the contents they teach; and professional relationships established by supervisors do not generate synergies between institutions. El presente artículo analiza el efecto e impacto que las prácticas curriculares (Prácticum) de los Grados de Educación Infantil y Primaria generan en las personas y en las instituciones implicadas (escuelas y Facultades de educación) en opinión de responsables institucionales, tutores y estudiantes. Desde una perspectiva cualitativa y descriptiva, se ha llevado a cabo un estudio de casos múltiple en 16 centros educativos que acogen estudiantes en prácticas de tercero y cuarto curso de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona y de la Universitat de Lleida en los ya mencionados casos. La recogida de datos ha contemplado la realización de entrevistas semiestructuradas (N = 102) a coordinadores, estudiantes y tutores de centro y facultad de ambos grados, el análisis de 28 memorias de prácticas y la celebración de 2 grupos de discusión para contrastar y analizar los hallazgos. El enfoque mixto de codificación y categorización ha sido empleado para el análisis de datos. Los resultados informan que el Prácticum contribuye al desarrollo de competencias de los estudiantes e impacta positivamente en el desarrollo profesional de los tutores de escuela y de facultad que tutorizan estudiantes en prácticas. Por el contrario, el impacto que podría generar el Prácticum a nivel de las instituciones implicadas es menor del que cabría esperar. El Prácticum genera dinámicas de trabajo que impactan principalmente en un aula, pero no en el centro; en las facultades, genera un impacto indirecto a través de los tutores de facultad, siempre y cuando éstos actualicen los contenidos que imparten; y se generan pocas sinergias entre escuelas y facultades en el contexto de las relaciones establecidas entre profesionales de ambas instituciones. El presente estudio ha sido financiado por la Agencia de Gestión de Ayudas Universitarias y de Investigación (AGAUR, en sus siglas en catalán), en el marco del Programa de Mejora e Innovación en la Formación de Maestros (Referencia: 2014ARMIF00023).

When considering the management of student behaviour issues, a substantial body of literature, as well as logical common sense, points to the advantages of whole school policy over the individual efforts of teachers. Less is known, however, about the direct or indirect role school leadership plays in the development of well-implemented whole school behaviour management (WSBM) systems and policy in primary schools. This article explores elements of leadership practice likely to promote well-implemented WSBM, using an initial framework developed from related literature and applying it in a study of primary schools. The sample comprised 52 staff members from 31 government and non-government primary schools in 5 states and territories of Australia. Data were obtained from interviews which sought to gather information about how well each school’s WSBM was implemented. Results confirmed the theorised framework of leadership practices that encourage well-implemented WSBM. The article concludes with impli...

Apresentar análise e relato da aplicação de um instrumento comum, conhecido popularmente como panfleto publicitário utilizado como recurso no processo ensino aprendizagem e como norteador de uma proposta transdisciplinar para os alunos e a priori para os professores da (Educação de Jovens e Adultos) EJA. Sendo apresentada como uma proposta metodológica encaminhada como caráter de intervenção pedagógica realizada na Escola Estadual de Ensino Fundamental e EJA Antonio José de Lima. Objetivou-se avaliar a possibilidade de um planEJAmento participativo, respeitando o Projeto Político Pedagógico(PPP) da instituição e os planos de Ensino dos Professores. Fundamentou-se em autores que investigam o tema e em documentos como o PPP e os Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais (PCNs); Buscou-se apresentar e conceituar o que vem a ser transdisciplinaridade e interdisciplinaridade. Temas estes, que muito trazem dúvidas e desencontros de conceitos e, até mesmo certa inquietação por parte dos docentes e toda a comunidade escolar. Embora a proposta tenha sido recebida como um desafio por toda a equipe, após reuniões, estudos, planEJAmento e posteriori aplicabilidade, pode-se dizer que o resultado correspondeu às expectativas haja vista que os envolvidos constataram que a experiência lhes proporcionou analisarem a possibilidade de fazer acontecer e tornar a experiência como uma práxis na modalidade.

This chapter discusses and outlines the research upon which Chapters 4– 6 of the project are based. One of the perceived barriers to an LBP approach to literacy is the perceived gap in many teachers’ knowledge about language, depending upon their own education history touched upon in Chapter 1 and discussed further in this chapter. A challenge in undertaking the research upon which this project is based, was how to develop teachers’ own metalinguistic awareness and that of their pupils’ and students’ at the same time. The approach taken, was to locate and situate developing teachers’ knowledge about language in the context of their own current assessment and curriculum goals, objectives and practices. It discusses how such curriculum intervention was made possible by changes to assessment and curriculum practices in the UK, together with changes to school inspection protocols. Taken together, such recent initiatives have brought the issue of literacy to the fore in secondary education in England in ways that are unprecedented. The chapter draws upon the research undertaken to discuss how teachers’ own metalinguistic awareness is bound up with their own autobiographies and experiences of schooling. Secondary school teachers are expert in the discursive practices that characterise their disciplines, which all too often remain assumed and implicit. It shows that teachers’ implicit knowledge about language can be brought to the surface remarkably quickly, particularly when focused and targeted at their own subject discipline.

Part 1 Principles in the management of education: constructing the vision, changing the culture applying critical ethics quality and effectiveness - links with industrial and commercial practice strategic planning. Part 2 Leading people in educational organizational hierarchies versus heterarchies team leading - primary curriculum innovation team leading - secondary PSE team leading - incorporation in Further Education appraising headteachers women in HE senior management self development. Part 3 The successful school and college: managing resources evaluating a whole school/college - on OFSTED view evaluating school/college effectiveness the effective department the curriculum in 2001 future educational policy.

A learning path supporting the development of Computational Think-ing skills in students of the last years of Primary School was defined and tested in a case study involving a grade 5 class and their teacher for the whole school year. The project aimed at involving all the students regardless of their personal interest, as a standard school activity. The case study proved to be successful with respect to students' interest and their ability to reach the main project's objec-tives. Their skills increased along the project and students demonstrated to be on the right path to develop a complete and autonomous approach to Computational Thinking. Nevertheless, a longer time span would be needed to for students to master deeply the new concepts and tools. Sometimes abstraction can be difficult and concrete activities are needed to introduce new ideas. Furthermore, students showed little autonomy and a limited use of the social aspects of the chosen pro-gramming environment. Devoting a longer time to the learning path would help fostering these skills. Finally, a close integration of the learning path with the school curriculum is envisaged.

Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a participação, sob a perspectiva da gestão democrática, a partir da presença do Programa Mais Educação (PME) na escola. Tendo por referência um estudo de caso realizado em uma escola da cidade de Belém, no Pará, Brasil, foram efetuadas observações e entrevistas, as quais foram submetidas à Análise de Conteúdos. Entre os resultados, destaca-se que o PME vem contribuindo para fortalecer práticas democráticas, na medida em que fomenta a reflexão e o desenvolvimento de atitudes e ações que evidenciam e estimulam a responsabilidade do conjunto da escola para com, por exemplo, a aprendizagem dos alunos. Todavia, a participação vem se dando de forma limitada, uma vez que se faz associar, especialmente, a alguns integrantes da administração escolar, apresentando, assim, como desafio a necessidade de envolver os diferentes segmentos educativos nas ações e decisões associadas não só ao PME, mas também a outros interesses da escola.

My comments today cover three topics. First, I want to introduce and review the four resources model, describing its origins and premises. Second, I want to describe a project my colleagues at Queensland University of Technology and I have undertaken at a low SES Indigenous and migrant/refugee school for the last four years - using the four resources, models of critical literacy and multiliteracies - to try to mobilize school reform and improved conventional achievement (e.g., Luke, Dooley & Woods, 2011). The third topic is the use of these approaches in school reform in Ontario, Queensland and other systems that have sought alternatives to mandated scripted instructional materials used in the aftermath of the American No Child Left Behind federal mandates (Luke & Woods, 2010). Specifically, Ontario and Queensland have used the four resources model as an organizing principle for whole school literacy plans (Luke, 2005). So my comments today will introduce the model, apply it at the level of individual school mobilisation, and then move to issues of policy implementation in literacy reform and school improvement at the state system level.

BACKGROUND Collaborative partnerships are an essential means to concomitantly improve both education outcomes and health outcomes among K-12 students. METHODS We describe examples of contemporaneous, interactive, and evolving partnerships that have been implemented, respectively, by a national governmental health organization, national nongovernmental education and health organizations, a state governmental education organization, and a local nongovernmental health organization that serves partner schools. RESULTS Each of these partnerships strategically built operational infrastructures that enabled partners to efficiently combine their resources to improve student education and health. CONCLUSIONS To implement a Whole School, Whole Community, Whole Child Framework, we need to purposefully strengthen, expand, and interconnect national, state, and local collaborative partnerships and supporting infrastructures that concomitantly can improve both education and health.

Over the past decade and a half, whole school behaviour management systems have been implemented in many Australian schools in efforts to reduce undesirable behaviours and improve outcomes for students with behaviour problems. There is evidence in the literature suggesting that whole school approaches are more effective at managing student behaviour problems than the individual practices of teachers. However, much of the research is concentrated on individual schools or small clusters of schools. This exploratory, mixed methods study, employed qualitative data to develop a schema for assessing the level of implementation of whole school behaviour management approaches, and subsequent quantitative data to examine the association between their level of implementation and perceptions of behaviour problems. Higher levels of implementation were found to be associated with lower levels of perceived behaviour problems. Potential links with job satisfaction and stress were also identified. The article concludes with implications for school leadership and policy.

This department publishes brief news articles, announcements, and guest editorials on current mathematics education issues that stimulate the interest of TCM readers and cause them to think about an issue or consider a specific viewpoint about some aspect of mathematics education. The Whole-school Agreement strategy proposes that all educators in a school community agree that mathematics is better taught when everyone shares in consistent language, symbols and notation, models and schema, and rules that support the developing learner.