Search

Quite a few recent ECJ judgments touch on various elements of territorial rule. Thereby, they raise the profile of the main question this Article asks: Which territorial claims does the EU make? To provide an answer, the present Article discusses and categorizes the individual elements of territoriality in the EU’s architecture. The influence of EU law on national territorial rule on the one hand and the emergence of territorial governance elements at the European level on the other provide the main pillars of the inquiry. Once combined, these features not only help to improve our understanding of the EU’s distinctly supranational conception of territoriality. What is more, the discussion raises several important legitimacy questions. As a consequence, the Article calls for the development of a theoretical model to evaluate and justify territoriality in a political community beyond the state.

Traditional understandings of extraterritoriality have overlooked human consciousness as an intimate province of territorial governance. Whereas traditional approaches to extraterritoriality often ...

Este trabalho expõe e analisa alguns resultados da pesquisa “Governança territorial no Brasil: especificidades institucionais, lógicas espaciais e políticas de desenvolvimento”, guiado pela seguinte questão: as estruturas de governança reforçam a inércia institucional ou, pelo contrário, são indícios de modernização política? Partindo do pressuposto de que a função básica das estruturas é a cooperação, a hipótese poder ser expressa pela seguinte afirmação: a inércia institucional e a tendência à estabilidade presente nas relações entre atores dificultam a cooperação e a participação ao legitimar comportamentos relativamente inadequados na busca pelo desenvolvimento sustentável territorial. Porém, as dificuldades de cooperação também podem indicar um processo de modernização política. A análise dos dados e o desenvolvimento da hipótese foram feitos através de um modelo simplificado da realidade, o jogo, formado pelas interações entre atores e instituições. Mudanças na legitimidade institucional modificam os comportamentos dos atores e podem ser descritos como um processo de modernização política. Entretanto, os dados coletados indicaram que a cooperação e a participação são truncadas no âmbito das estruturas durante o período estudado (2002-2014), sugerindo que o seu funcionamento pode ser caracterizado mais pela inércia institucional e menos pela modernização política.

Starting from the observation of the seriousness of the situation posed by spatial planning conflicts seen in France, this article develops a reflection on the apparent paradox of territorial governance in this country. Breaking with decades of centralism and omnipotent State, France has developed territorial reforms and consultation bodies in order to improve the adjustment between functional territories and institutional territories but without managing to improve relations between political actors and civil society.

Lebanon is a laboratory of cultural and territorial mobilities. The civil war caused the emergence of communal cultures and diverse modalities of locals/visitors encounters dependent on locals’ rel...

This symposium presents the results of a roundtable of well-known European spatial planning scholars critically engaging with Andreas Faludi's The Poverty of Territorialism. A Neo-Medieval View of ...

The relationship between man and space in sociology has always been marked by considerable complexity, due to the multiplicity of interests, elements and actors who interact in it, and who have sometimes common interests, sometimes distinct ones in relation to that common geographic anchor, for Morin 2005, "Is Complex what cannot be summed up in one key word, which cannot be reduced to a law, nor reduced to a simple idea" and it is well the case for a good number of concepts which will be evoked throughout this paper, who tries in an analytical perspective of interpretation, to review some answers to better understand the seeds at the origins of the two concepts with the rich semantics , in our case: "Territorial Intelligence, And Governance". At this level the question who rises is: “What are the possible Junctions between governance and territorial intelligence ?, and how to make from this Creed, a vector of local development? ”, This questioning appeared necessary to us following the identification of the panoply of actors, actions, and specificities of the territories, in addition to the reticular aspect of the local public cases. For this study, we first propose to review 1) The different kaleidoscopic aspects of both “intelligence” as a process, and “territory” as a construct, before evoking the intersection and the rise of "territorial intelligence", and then in the second part we will talk about 2) The emergence of the concept of "governance".

This paper explores the driving forces behind the promotion of new soft spaces of territorial governance in Denmark at the scale of city regions, the so-called ‘business regions’. We interpret the emergence of business regions as outcomes of the most recent round of reterritorialisation in Denmark, producing new spaces for promoting neoliberal policy agendas of competitiveness, job creation and economic growth. We argue that the business regions should not only be understood as products of neoliberalisation, but also as spaces of neoliberal experimentation, contributing to the normalisation of policy agendas of job creation and business development as taken-for-granted planning objectives. We conclude that the new business regions emerging at the scale of city regions constitute new political spaces for reworking the Danish planning culture in the context of neoliberalism. We suggest that this development can be conceptualised as a ‘businessification’ of strategic spatial planning. This paper explores the driving forces behind the promotion of new soft spaces of territorial governance in Denmark at the scale of city regions, the so-called business regions. We interpret the emergence of business regions as outcomes of the most recent round of reterritorialisation in Denmark, producing new spaces for promoting neoliberal policy agendas of competitiveness, job creation and economic growth. We argue that the business regions should not only be understood as products of neoliberalisation, but also as spaces of neoliberal experimentation, contributing to the normalisation of policy agendas of job creation and business development as taken-for-granted planning objectives. We conclude that the new business regions emerging at the scale of city regions constitute new political spaces for reworking the Danish planning culture in the context of neoliberalism. We suggest that this development can be conceptualised as a ‘businessification’ of strategic spatial planning.

This article aims to investigate the relationship among tourism, social innovation and territorial development in the metropolitan area of Bologna. The city is characterized by a civic and innovative tradition, as well as, more recently, by a growth of tourist flows and tourism development projects. Throughout the analysis of three case studies, the authors highlight how tourist development, whenever it is led in such innovative ways, may support the wider dynamics of local development, influencing empowerment process and re-shaping territorial governance.

The aim of this study is to focus on fiscal decentralization and regional financial autonomy in Slovakia. The public administration reform and fiscal decentralization process in Slovakia ought to increase the autonomy of the multi-level governance and to decrease its dependency on state budgeting and other transfers. We argue that regional territorial governance is greatly dependent on financial incentives from central state financing, which limits the expected effect of decentralization and regional fiscal autonomy. By collecting quantitative data on state transfers and revenues to regional governments we demonstrate the limits of spatial, financial and decision-making autonomy within particular regions. The selected time frame 2005-2016 reflects all stages, reforms and changes in the fiscal decentralization of the second level governance in Slovakia.

A fundamental challenge for addressing ‘Brexit and Beyond’ is its multi-faceted and multi-dimensional nature. This is also reflected in the multitude of analytical accounts of its causes an...

Since 2009, the European Union (EU) has started to 'experiment' with new forms of territorial governance: Macro-regional strategies (MRS), such as the one for Baltic Sea Region, seek to mobilize a ...

Brexit presents a major challenge to the territorial governance of the UK. Despite a major overhaul of territorial governance in 1999 when the current devolution schemes were created, and subsequent changes to those schemes, the territorial governance of the UK has not been stabilised. There remained a series of unresolved issues. Eventually, these issues would have to have been faced, but Brexit has not only forced them onto the agenda, it has done so in fraught political circumstances which make them harder to resolve. Brexit highlights already existing tensions in territorial governance, it also creates a new set of problems for the institutions and processes of territorial governance to deal with, including how to implement the changes that Brexit requires in the context of extensive devolution of power. This article, therefore, sets out the difficulties Brexit poses for territorial governance and considers the prospects for resolving them.

Las claves para el desarrollo y la sostenibilidad social del mundo rural de la montaña en el sur de Europa han sido redefinidas por la nueva gobernanza territorial, las movilidades y el impacto de la crisis. Una transformación que ilustra particularmente el caso español. Los resultados de la investigación realizada en el Pirineo navarro, evidencian el papel que juegan las estrategias familiares junto con las asociaciones locales como pilares para la resiliencia. Algo frecuentemente olvidado en las políticas al igual que las formas de gobernanza, pero que en el enfoque sociológico permite documentar como recursos de innovación social decisivos, en contextos particularmente vulnerables y coyunturas desfavorables. The keys for social development and sustainability in the mountain rural world in Southern Europe have been redefined by the new territorialgovernance, the mobilities and the impact of the crisis. This transformation is particularly evinced in the Spanish case. The results of theresearch carried out in the Navarra Pyrenees indicated the role played by the family strategies and the local associations as building blocks for resilience. It is something frequently ignored in the policies as well as in the ways of governance, but, a sociological approach allows documenting them as decisive social innovation resources in particularly vulnerable contexts and unfavorable situations.

The European Union identifies the regional level as the ideal spatial scale for resources’ redistribution, in so doing turning European regions into key spatial development players. This raises challenges due to the heterogeneity of the EU in terms of administrative configurations, and spatial governance and planning systems. The contribution of this article draws on the results of three interlinked ESPON research projects to shed light on the matter. Building on an overview of the institutional variables that may influence successful regional development, it proposes a typology of multi-level regional development governance in the EU and reflects upon the potentials for delivering economic, social, and territorial cohesion.

The article provides an overview of the legal and administrative aspects of spatial governance and planning and of the related challenges. The legal dimension of spatial planning, administrative spatial planning traditions, as well as different frameworks and conditions for the governance of territorial regions are briefly introduced. On this basis, the various contributions that compose the special issue are framed and presented to the readers. In conclusion, a number of directions for further research are identified. Overall, the article serves as an editorial introduction and the various issues it touches upon are further specified in the individual contributions the compose the special issue.

Most studies in territorial governance seem to disregard the importance of the link between territory and identity. Meanwhile, this link is connected to territorial conflicts based on identity differences. Evident from the example of Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H), identity-based territorial conflicts can generate identity-based territorial reconfiguration of the country. After the Bosnian War, B&H became a multilevel system consisting of two entities, ten cantons, and one district. Each entity and canton has its constitution while the district has a statute. The constitutional system rests on three constituent peoples who often act as decentralising and centralising forces. This chapter aims to explore the interplay between sub-national constitutionalism and ethno-territorial politics using B&H as an example. The chapter examines the association between territory and identity and investigates the link between sub-national constitutionalism and ethno-territorial delineation.

The last three decades have seen the Western Balkan Region facing several institutional, economic, social, and territorial transformation. Since the early 1990s, the region has undergone radical changes that have paved the way for a diversity of territorial development models. This chapter identifies and details the main territorial challenges and drivers of change that characterise the region and could affect its future development. To do so, it proposes an historical analysis of the region’s spatial development trajectories, focussing on the role of territorial governance and spatial planning in addressing them and identifying the main challenges that hamper this activity. Finally, particular attention is dedicated to the role that international actors have played and are still playing in shaping territorial development and governance in the region.

This chapter aims to generalise the empirical evidence of the research. Starting with a study of the policy areas of urban regeneration and environmental protection in the three typical case studies in Sardinia, we discuss the descriptive and prescriptive implications for the local development of other peripheral/insular European contexts. Regarding the descriptive implications, in the first part of the chapter, we highlight the empirical findings of the research based on the degree of institutionalisation of the governance system and the quality of territorial policy for each policy area. Regarding the prescriptive implications, in the second part of the chapter, we identify the best practices for territorial governance to improve the chances of local development in Europe’s periphery.

International audience; Sustainable mobility issues in rural areas, compared with urban mobility issues, have so far been poorly covered in the French and European public debate. However, local mobility issues are determining factors in territorial inequalities, regional development and ecological transition. This paper is based on preliminary findings of qualitative socio-anthropological fieldwork carried out in two rural departments of the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region: Drôme and Ardèche. Our objective is to highlight how the question of sustainable local mobility is linked to governance issues and multiple overlapping institutions. We argue that analyzing stakeholders' strategies and territorial governance is key to understanding the contemporary dynamics surrounding a transition towards a more sustainable mobility in rural areas. In order to do so, we show how the debates surrounding the adoption of a law allowing for the transfer of responsibility to local authorities for the organization of mobility services reveals the complexity of local mobility governance in rural areas and provides material for the analysis of the logics of stakeholder engagement, cooperation and conflict within the field of sustainable mobility. Through the case study of the organization of a local public transport service in a rural area, we shed light on the action of multiple stakeholders and their potentially antagonistic objectives.

EnglishDespite the lack of competence on the matter, through time the European Union (EU) developed a number of spatially relevant concepts, initiatives and sectoral directives. An EU territorial governance framework progressively consolidated and the Member States gradually adapted in order to reflect its growing complexity. Building on the results of the ESPON COMPASS project, the article sheds light on this process, often referred to as Europeanization of territorial governance. To do so, it presents and compares the perceived impact that a number of sectoral directives, spatial policies and guidance documents developed at the EU level plays in shaping territorial governance and spatial planning in the 32 countries that participate to the ESPON programme. francaisL'Union europeenne (UE) dispose d'un agenda territorial implicite depuis sa creation. Depuis la fin des annees 1980, la necessite croissante de prendre en compte les impacts spatiaux des programmes de depenses sectorielles a favorise le developpement d'un ensemble heterogene de concepts, d'outils et de processus de planification spatiale a l'echelle continentale. Un cadre de gouvernance territoriale de l'UE, progressivement consolide, a attire l'attention des universitaires et des praticiens. Comment l’UE, malgre l’absence de competences formelles, influence-t-elle les questions de gouvernance territoriale interne et d’amenagement du territoire et pourquoi cela est-il accepte par les pays europeens ? Les processus et les pratiques promus au niveau de l'UE ont declenche un melange complexe d'effets desires et non voulus dans les Etats membres qui ont adapte progressivement leurs systemes d’amenagement. Cette situation correspond a une complexification croissante de la gouvernance territoriale supranationale. S'appuyant sur les resultats du projet de recherche ESPON COMPASS (Comparative Analysis of Territorial Governance and Spatial Planning Systems in Europe), la contribution proposee vise a eclairer ce processus, souvent qualifie d'europeanisation de la gouvernance territoriale. Pour ce faire, elle examine le role que les politiques aux effets spatiaux, mises en place par l'UE au fil du temps, ont joue dans la transformation de la gouvernance territoriale et de l’amenagement du territoire dans les Etats membres. Precisement, elle presente et compare les effets des directives sectorielles (dans les domaines de l’environnement, de l’energie et de la concurrence), des politiques spatiales (politique de cohesion, cooperation territoriale et politique urbaine) et des processus discursifs (document d’orientation general, politique spatiale intergouvernementale, agenda urbain, ESPON) developpes au niveau de l'UE afin d’etablir comment ces differents elements jouent un role dans la gouvernance territoriale et l'amenagement du territoire dans les 32 pays qui composent l'espace ESPON.

This article examines how spatial planning systems have changed in Portugal, Spain, Italy and Greece in times of economic recession and austerity politics, in amid pressures of external actors and local conditions and traditions. We analyse the round of reforms of spatial planning and territorial governance implemented by national governments under pressures by European institutions, as well as local responses to them. On the one hand, we highlight how European institutions have used the conditionalities attached to bailout packages and other instrument of pressure to frame what can be considered an implicit Southern European spatial planning policy developed by the European Union. On the other, we suggest that Southern European planning amid crisis and austerity should be understood, together, as field that problematizes the idea of Europeanization of planning; a space used as ‘prototype’ for new rounds of neoliberalization; and a political space that continuously develops through top-down/bottom-up dialectic conflicts.

All rural areas in the European Union have put in practice neo-endogenous rural development philosophy through LEADER programmes and approach, improving human and social capital, encouraging the participation of local stakeholders and inhabitants in decision-making, and enhancing territorial governance. The combination of territorial capital and social innovation has implied development processes and enrichment of local identities. Thus, successful rural development has required of a combination of top-down and bottom-up approaches, involving both internal and external actors. In this way, cooperation between rural areas has been promoted, supporting to the creation of smart villages. But several problems have appeared, difficulting its implementation: over-bureaucratic framework, low decision-making capacity of Local Action Groups, among others; having a negative impact on the weaker territories and collectives, and the control of funds by local institutional and entrepreneurial actors; in addition, certain territories become winners while others lose out; and finally, the achievements of interterritorial cooperation have been modest. Therefore, one of the actions to improve the implementation of this kind of practices could be the study of its repercussions, as we are trying to do with this publication.

Countries&rsquo, institutional configurations and structural characteristics play an important role in shaping transitions from school to work. Recent empirical evidence shows significant regional and territorial differences in youth unemployment and labor market participation. Along this research strand, we argue in favor of a place-sensitive approach to youth labor market integration in order to address the regional disparities of young people&rsquo, s opportunities. In order to investigate the synergic effect of different contextual configurations, we construct a composite measure, namely, the youth labor market integration (YLMI) index. This considers a wide range of indicators of the access, exclusion, and duration of the transition into employment at the regional level. The YLMI index allows cross-regional and longitudinal comparisons of the European Union (EU) local labor markets and youth employment opportunities.

Este artículo explora la potencialidad de las Juntas de Acción Comunal (JAC), instancias básicas de organización y participación comunitaria en Colombia, para insertarse en redes de gobernanza rural. Se presentan resultados de un estudio de caso múltiple con comunidades rurales de seis municipios del departamento de Nariño. Esta investigación participativa, basada en la comunidad, señala problemas de gobernanza territoriales y retos transversales de las JAC que develan dinámicas intraorganizacionales y la imposición de lógicas sectoriales y burocráticas que, en conjunto, condicionan las relaciones Estado-sociedad y amenazan la organización e incidencia comunitaria en el contexto rural. This article explores the potential of Communal Action Boards (JAC, for its initials in Spanish), basic instances for communities’ organization and participation in Colombia, to engage themselves in networks of rural governance. We present the findings from a multiple case study with rural communities of six municipalities in the Department of Nariño. This community-based participatory research points territorial governance issues and JACS’ transversal challenges that unveil intra-organizational dynamics and the imposition of sectoral and bureaucratic logics that, altogether, affect the state-society relationships and endanger communities’ organizations and their impact in the rural context.

Tourism development has been a particularly intense area of negotiation in the Spanish countryside since the 1990s because of its major role in public policies for the economic restructuring, the regionalisation of policy instruments and its own intersectoral nature. This leads us to examine how the coordination takes place within the actors engaged in the tourist development of Sierra de Albarracín. This research adopts an inductive approach to the social relations that underlie the construction of a tourism project territory. From the meeting between the methodology of the social network analysis and the analytical framework of the School of Proximity, the procedure presented here helps to understand the logics of territorial construction. Cooperation appears more fictitious than the policy instruments of governance envisage. Questioning both cooperative and conflictive proximities offers new clues for the evaluation of public policy instruments.

The European Union (EU) has had a considerable impact on territorial governance in Ireland, including both significant financial and regulatory effects and some examples of domestic institu...

O artigo analisa os Arranjos de Desenvolvimento da Educação como forma de associativismo territorial que, no Brasil, desde os anos 2000, tem sido mais uma alternativa de consorciamento intermunicipal. O objeto de análise são dois casos: o Corredor da Vale (Maranhão) e a Chapada Diamantina (Bahia). A pesquisa foi realizada com base em dados secundários e uma investigação de campo que entrevistou gestores municipais de educação e representantes dos governos estaduais. A seleção dos casos baseou-se na metodologia do diverse cases que analisa, controladas as variáveis, diferentes efeitos da variável independente sobre a variável dependente. O argumento central testado é que os Arranjos de Educação são a variável independente que produz efeito na governança territorial da educação como variável dependente. Concluiu-se que o maior êxito do caso baiano deveu-se aos fatores de liderança regional, controle social e ao contexto e trajetória de sua formação, o que não ocorreu no caso maranhense.

Using social network and proximity-based approaches, this paper analyses the effect of two territorial governance arrangements implemented in the Amazonian region in the framework of ‘The Territories of Citizenship’ programme, which aims to promote interaction and collaboration between the various actors of rural development. In the Amazon region, the great distances between actors made their interactions difficult. Our study reveals, however, that those distances are not insurmountable obstacles to collaboration. Indeed, the measures implemented in the framework of territorial policies promote communication between the different actors of the territories, thus allowing for the development and reinforcement of organized proximity.

The urban-rural interface is structured by intense social, economic, and environmental interdependencies among urban and rural places. Accordingly, we argue that the rural-urban interface should be governed in a new, hybrid manner—one that accounts for both place-based and relational exigencies. The United States lacks a coherent, coordinated approach to multijurisdictional planning and governance, but multijurisdictional governance can and often does succeed through cooperation at the state and local levels. To illustrate this point, and to ground the theoretical discussion, we present three examples of multijurisdictional planning that are effective at the local level, and one example that has failed to accomplish such goals. Governance of the zone of rural-urban interactions will be more effective and accountable if policies and programs involve not only the constituent municipalities located in this space, but also the social, economic, and environmental relationships in which these communities are embedded.

This chapter discusses the organisational setting of regional design in the realms of spatial planning and territorial governance. As a starting point, it argues that rules on how imagined design solutions function in an abstract, simplified ‘planning world’ are an important regional design product. When focusing on these rules, regional design practice resembles discretionary action. As such, it aims to improve planning decisions by judging the implications of planning frameworks when applied to particular situations. This implies that the involvement of actors in design practice requires careful consideration. As in any form of legitimate rule-building, a critical distance between those who initiate practices and conduct design, and those who judge the quality and relevance of design outcomes is essential. On the basis of these considerations, the chapter investigates regional design practices that occurred between the 1980s and the 2010s in the context of Dutch national planning. It shows how they transformed from being a form of professional advocacy, criticising planning, into a practice that was pragmatically used to implement a national planning agenda. The chapter concludes by discussing this institutionalisation of a creative practice in the Netherlands, reflecting upon the implications of these outcomes for territorial governance in particular.

A formação de fóruns, conselhos, colegiados, agências de desenvolvimento e instâncias locais representam modalidades de governança voltadas para processos de gestão descentralizados, no caso estudado, do turismo. A divisão regional do turismo brasileiro criou Circuitos e Polos de Turismo, contudo, independentemente da definição do tipo de regionalização, é necessário que o projeto de desenvolvimento turístico seja formulado através do envolvimento e da participação de variados atores sociais, caracterizando movimentos que podem ser denominados como uma governança territorial. Esses fatores conduzem ao objetivo geral deste artigo que é o de analisar os projetos de governança territorial no estado do Maranhão, destacando as microrregiões da Baixada Maranhense e do Litoral Ocidental Maranhense. Recorreu-se a investigações de documentos elaborados pelo Ministério do Turismo, também àqueles utilizados pela Secretaria de Turismo do estado do Maranhão e à realização de entrevistas com agentes-chave para o projeto de governança territorial no estado, dos Conselhos Turísticos e Instâncias de Turismo. A pesquisa revela que o projeto de governança existe enquanto constituinte organizacional de uma sequência utilizada para o planejamento, embora, na prática, a ocorrência desse processo possa ser considerada como frágil ou apenas para composição documental necessária para atingir o passo posterior do decurso que se pretende atingir. Abstract PUBLIC POLICIES AND TERRITORIAL GOVERNANCE OF TOURISM IN THE STATE OF MARANHÃO The formation of forums, councils, colleges, development agencies and local bodies represent governance modalities for decentralized management processes, in the case studied, tourism. The regional division of Brazilian tourism has created Tourism Circuits and Poles, however, regardless of the definition of the regionalization type, it is necessary that the tourism development project be formulated through the involvement and participation of various social actors, characterizing movements that can be denominated such as territorial governance. These factors lead to the general objective of this article, which is to analyze the territorial governance projects in the State of Maranhão, highlighting the microregions of the Baixada Maranhense and the Litoral Ocidental Maranhense. Documentary investigations were carried out by the Ministry of Tourism, as well as those used by the Tourism Department of the State of Maranhão and interviews with key agents for the territorial governance project in the State, the Tourist Councils and Tourism Instances. The research reveals that the governance project exists as an organizational constituent of a sequence for planning, although, in practice, the occurrence of this process can be considered as fragile or only for the documentary composition necessary to reach the later step of the intended course reach.

As the only Canadian educational jurisdiction established within contemporary memory, Nunavut represents an interesting case in terms of education generally and science education specifically. All territorial governance activities are framed by the eight principles of Inuit Qaujimajatuqangit ( Open image in new window , IQ)—an articulation of Inuit values regarding how to live and be in the world. Within education, IQ principles are positioned as key cross-curricular competencies that support teachers and students in negotiating curricula that are, for the most part, developed in other Canadian jurisdictions. In science, territorial curricula are adapted from programs in the Northwest Territories and Alberta. This chapter describes how the current context for science education in Nunavut developed. It highlights the importance of land and language to the teaching and learning of science in Nunavut and examines how science teaching, learning, and curricula are developing in the context of contemporary northern Canada and IQ.

This thesis offers the first detailed assessment of an event that has hitherto been consigned to the margins of the literature on devolution and territorial reform in the United Kingdom, the Conference on Devolution, 1919-1920. Sitting between October 1919 and April 1920, the Conference on Devolution was arguably one of the two moments in the UK’s constitutional history when the territorial constitution was approached in a holistic fashion by policy makers and political elites (the other occasion being the Royal Commission on the Constitution, 1969-1973). The primary aim of this thesis is to provide the first detailed analysis of the Conference on Devolution, to develop a fuller understanding of why it was established, what it debated and why it failed. Secondary to that objective, this thesis will also assess what relevance the Conference has for students of territorial governance in the UK today, at a time when the UK’s constitution is in flux. In pursuit of these objectives, the thesis utilises the ideas and insights on territorial governance of James Bulpitt and James Mitchell, alongside an extensive catalogue of archival evidence, including the previously unstudied (in the context of the Conference on Devolution) personal papers of the Conference’s Secretary, Gilbert Campion. Using this methodology and archival sources, the thesis offers a considerable revision to previous understandings of the Conference on Devolution. It demonstrates that the Conference’s fatal disagreement on how the devolved legislatures should be composed, was not, as has been previously portrayed, just a disagreement at the latter stages of the Conference’s work, but was instead a cleavage that undercut the entirety of the Conference on Devolution. Finally, the thesis highlights the clear resonance between the issues deliberated by the Conference and many of today’s territorial governance debates.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine whether and how a mega event can be an opportunity for a territory to be developed as a marketing product. The topic is analysed in the pre-event phase, from the point of view of marketing mix and governance. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative method was adopted with a case study on Monza and Brianza province (northern Italy) which is strongly involved in EXPO2015 initiatives. The triangulation among multiple sources such as documents, interviews and observation, allow for deeper data collection. Findings A mega event can enhance development and repositioning also of minor territories. There are, however, two main conditions for benefiting from such an opportunity: to plan the marketing mix, taking into account people and partnerships, and to ensure a vision on territory through coordination with a legacy perspective. Research limitations/implications This study is not representative or generalizable. However, it gives insights into the mechanism of coordination and collaboration between different stakeholders and on how to plan the Monza and Brianza marketing mixes. Practical implications The research has implications for governance mechanisms and for marketing politics both for public and private decision-makers, especially in the pre-mega event phase, but also with some inputs into legacy phase. Originality/value The research is original for three reasons: the context concerns Monza and Brianza province, and so can help understand how mega events can help a minor territory reposition itself; the research looks at the managerial implications of place marketing in this pre-event phase; and in Italy, provinces are being reorganized or abolished: this case study looks at a province and its future.

Resumen El propósito de este artículo es analizar las variables y sus indicadores de gobernanza territorial contenidas en el Informe de la Secretaría Nacional de Planificación y Desarrollo: “Objetivos e indicadores de apoyo al Plan Nacional del Buen Vivir 2013-2017”. Utilizando la taxonomía de Whittingham, se encuentran 37 indicadores de gobernanza territorial (25%), distribuidos en: eficiencia 65%, equidad 13,5%, participación 10,8%, rendición de cuentas 8% y, desarrollo del recurso humano 2,7%; existiendo omisión de importantes indicadores en todas estas variables, carencias en la capacitación del servidor público, subestimación de procesos de rendición de cuentas y de representación de grupos de interés, así como desatención de los mecanismos institucionales de participación ciudadana, revelando un modelo de gobernanza centrado en el Estado. A nivel regional, hubo mejorías en la mayoría de los indicadores, pero estancamiento en el ámbito de la educación superior, comprometiendo a futuro los procesos de generación y transferencia de innovaciones, claves para el desarrollo. Abstract The purpose of this article is to analyze the variables and their indicators of territorial governance contained on National Secretariat of Planning and Development Report: “Objectives and indicators of support for the National Plan for Good Living 2013-2017”. Using Whittingham’s taxonomy, there are 37 indicators of territorial governance (25 %), distributed in: efficiency 65%, equity 13.5%, participation 10.8%, accountability 8 % and, human resource development 2.7%; there is omission of important indicators in all these variables, lack of training for the public servant, underestimation of processes of accountability and representation of interest groups, as well as neglect of the institutional mechanisms of citizen participation, revealing a focused governance model in the state. At the regional level, there were improvements in most of the indicators, but stagnation in the field of higher education, committing future processes of generation and transfer of innovations, which are keys for development.

Territorial governance enables territorial development, moving away from sectorial approaches, towards place-based and highly adaptable models. Most territorial governance studies take a socio-institutional, or spatial planning perspective. Still, territorial governance happens in and through other policy domains, interacting among them and with the territory in various ways, to produce territorial development. The sustainability of the latter is affected by the presence of collective action and socio-ecological resilience, best seen through the study of socio-ecological interactions. As an example to unravelling territorial governance through lenses of other policy domains, this chapter examines ecosystem-based forest commons’ governance. Resilience of forest commons as resources and as institutions leads the society towards sustainable territorial development at local and global scales. The illustration of this account comes through exploring the Albanian model of forest commons within a river basin. The model embodies all ecosystem values besides the merely utilitarian ones and discusses the dimensions of territorial governance for forest commons. It does so through fit-to-context factors for robustness and adaptability. Evidences are collected through visual surveys, interviews, and focus groups systematically researching a number of commons’ variables of endurance and functionality.

International audience; The public and private institutional dynamics in the process of developing territories impacted by large hydroelectric projects have faced challenges over time in different aspects. The challenge is not only how to build participatory governance at different levels, but how to promote democratic and responsible vertical conceptions among actors at each level, considering the sharing of irreversible socioeconomic impacts caused by this enterprises in the Amazon. The construction of new relations between ordinary people and institutions-government, companies, society-forces the constant search for the establishment of strategies to establish social relations for the construction of models of territorial governance still in initial experiences in the state of Pará. To identify impacts, conflicts and territorial governance in areas of major projects: what has literature shown of experiences in the Amazon?

International audience; Territory as Telepower. Bans, Bandits and Banlieues between Zonal and Reticular Territorialities.This chapter is a discussion about different conceptions of “territory”, from a geographer’s point of view. In France, the dominant conception identifies the territory as a continuous area appropriated by an agent, whose power is exercised through the control over one space such as a private piece of land or a particular political-administrative entity (from municipality to State). By contrast, a power that doesn’t correspond to a continuous area is deemed as “non-territorial”. This conventional distinction could be challenged by an alternative conception, opposing and combining zonal and reticular forms in the territorialization of power. While the former leads to the control over a continuous area in order to exercise power on that is inside and against that is outside, the latter connects the discontinuous network of places wherever the subjects or objects submitted to the same power are. These two processes coexist in the social production of space: for example, in contemporary conurbations, the inhabitants’ practices produce reticular or networked territories, while the citizens are governed through political-administrative zonal territories. This theoretical proposal is applied to the long-term analysis of liminal territories to explain their persistent marginalization. It goes from the early spatial dimensions of the medieval “ban”, to the fringes where “banished” and “bandits” where concentrated, and to the contemporary “banlieues” whose urbanity and proper territoriality is repeatedly denied.

Este trabajo pretende ser una primera aproximación a la dimensión del despilfarro de recursos públicos en infraestructuras en España desde 1995 hasta la actualidad en los distintos niveles de gobierno. A partir de algunas precisiones sobre los conceptos de despilfarro y corrupción, se analiza, de una parte, la inversión y los sobrecostes en infraestructuras innecesarias impulsadas y ejecutadas por la Administración General del Estado en el ámbito de sus competencias, y de otra, infraestructuras, proyectos, eventos e inversiones fallidas, vacías o infrautilizadas acometidas por las Comunidades Autónomas y los gobiernos locales. Se abordan los déficit de marco institucional y de gobernanza territorial y se sugiere una posible agenda de reformas a partir de unas conclusiones generales. This work is a first approximation to the dimension of the waste of public resources in infrastructures in Spain from 1995 to the present in the different levels of government. It differentiates between waste and corruption. Waste as the investment and extra costs undertaken for unnecessary infrastructures is analysed. Both for central government and for regional and local governments in relation to their competences, and on the other hand, infrastructures, projects, failed and empty or underutilized investments and events undertaken by the Autonomous Communities and local governments. The limitations and misuse of the institutions and the territorial governance is signaled with some proposals for a reform agenda.

The field of policy transfer is highly complex. This is particularly true when it comes to territorial governance which is a process integrating several context-dependent policy fields rather than a policy per se. The contribution adopts a conceptual framework developed within the project ESPON TANGO to reflect upon this matter. In particular, it conceptualises distinct modes of policy transfer in the EU, explaining many ways through which a certain territorial governance practice in a given domestic context can reach other context(s) that may apply it. The presented framework is expected to help define what to transfer, how and through whom; in other words (i) what territorial governance elements may be effectively transferred, (ii) what interactive resources may favour the transfer and (iii) what 'receiving' stakeholders' group(s) may constitute the target. Building on this assumption, the contribution reflects upon the potential transferability of territorial governance 'features', intended as practical manifestation of good territorial governance in real cases.

Under the conditions of overcoming the post-crisis recession and need of modernization of national economic system, the efficiency of the sphere of public administration should be considered as a significant factor of socio-economic development of territories. Increase of productivity of the system of public administration at the regional level requires introduction of new elements of the transactional mechanism of executive authorities’ activities with simultaneous monitoring of its efficiency by means of modern information methods. This article introduces an approach allowing creating an assessment of the efficiency of territorial governance which includes the same system of indicators for all the regions and highly correlates with the main socio-economic development indicators of a region. The authors use the method of the canonical correlation analysis that allows revealing analytical expression of correlation between indicators of socio-economic development and efficiency of regional executive authorities’ performance.

This article presents the changes that are emerging in the Italian national policies mainly through the discussion of the contents both of the recent metropolitan reform initiative, and the national programming documents for metropolitan cities related to European Programming period 2014–2020. In Italy, which faced severe political difficulty and economic stagnation after 2008 global crisis, the production of the new metropolitan scale became one of the tools for the implementation of austerity measures. The paper examines whether the understanding of the new metropolitan scale in the Italian geography of austerity can be strengthened through a careful engagement with the body of literature on state rescaling and on austerity policies. The paper illustrates how that the apparently neutral emphasis on metropolitan city scale, first can be understood as a crucial tool of an austerity measures; second, it implies a rescaling of public power and, third, it neglects the multifaceted notion of the urban and the trans-scalar territorial governance relationships.

Using a classification of existing approaches in environment economics and ecological economics, this article presents a method of valuing ecosystem services based on perception surveys. It assesses, on one hand, the level of familiarity with services among a diverse array of stakeholders, citizens and/or service users- and, on the other hand, appraises the relative importance of all the services pertaining to a defined geographical area using two indicators, citation frequency and hierarchical ranking of services selected. In accordance with pragmatist principles, the relative nature of the approach is designed to improve the quality of the assessment. The incentive role of information is given priority to identify learning and communication measures that encourage pro-environmental behaviour and voluntary, individual and collective measures in favour of ecosystem service conservation. The protocol proposed also enables additional information to be collected, especially on the rationale behind choices or the level of familiarity with services. An illustration provided by a case study attests to the pertinence and efficiency of the method which can be used as a tool for decision-making support at regional levels and assisting governance and the enhancement of ecosystem heritage.

This article focuses on the model of local regulation of economic uncertainty that can be described as ‘ competitive regionalism’, a governance mode characterized by its own rhetoric, key actors and political economy. The first part of the article presents a contradiction: on the one hand, private actors and market regulation have gained much importance, but on the other this process of marketization has been partly balanced by the role played by local governments, collective actors and other bodies and organizations, although trade unions are playing only a weak role, especially where they do not have a local territorial base. Thus, marketization seems to increase rather than reduce the need for intervention by public actors and collective organizations able to reduce externalities produced by the market. The second part of the article shows the impact of the economic crisis on the model of competitive regionalism and a number of possible policy implications.

This research arises from the need to investigate the phenomenon of the development of wind farms in Puglia and the aspects related to the environmental impact that these systems generate on the territory. This represents a sign of change and adaptation on landscapes for people and local governments. The demand and the need to install renewable energy systems must be mediated by the preservation of the landscape and governed by planning instruments, which in this case should be expanded with a strategic energy planning in the anthropized environment that is being examined. With a careful analysis of the current situation, this paper suggests, a model of integrated development in which technology, landscape and bureaucracy reach an almost perfect balance between the protection of the territory and the incessant vicious speculative and criminal process.

The ESPON DeTeC (Detecting Territorial Potential and Challenges) project has developed five territorial approaches that can support regional stakeholders in revealing and detecting challenges and potential within a wider territorial context from a European perspective. The objective of this article is to present these approaches, which can be used to make ESPON knowledge more tangible and which can help in navigating through the inherent tensions, associated with the policy concept of territorial cohesion. In doing so, the article provides at first a brief introduction to the concept of territorial cohesion, a presentation and discussion of the territorial approaches with a particular focus on how they address exogenous challenges and endogenous potentials, conceptualize regional territories within relational spaces, and finally, how they direct attention towards territorial governance and the fluidity of scales and places. It is a practice oriented article that in conclusion discusses how territorial approaches can provide guidance for strategic local and regional policy making and how they help to open up new perspectives in local and regional development through the application of ESPON knowledge. ESPON DeTeC

Over the last decade, northern Québec (Canada) has been the stage of tremendous changes regarding the active role played by Aboriginal peoples in matters of planning and territorial development. This gradual rise, if incomplete, of the Aboriginal agency greatly impacts, as we shall argue here, on the identities and territorialities of both Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal communities, through new policies, legislation, treaty processes, institutions (public or private) devoted to development, territorial governance or the increasing number of cross-cultural partnerships and investments. The goal of this paper is to offer a critical portrait of the recent changes affecting the relations between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal communities in northern Québec, and discuss the limits of the cross-cultural dialogue in which they are engaged. This argument is an attempt to show how development and planning are rich grounds for understanding the state and the economy as ontological. It will be illustrated through the recent emergence of the Québec government’s Plan Nord (‘Northern Plan’), an ambitious program of development, and the treaty process involving three Innu First Nations in the regions of Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean and Côte-Nord. Conceived of as a dynamic form of cross-cultural dialogue shaped by power relations, the concept of métissage (hybridity) grounds our analysis and highlights the challenges of multicultural territorial planning. If Québec is presently engaging in a renewed cross-cultural dialogue with First Nations, the final result of this dialogue, however, remains uncertain.