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Background: Chest ultrasound (US) and color Doppler sonography play important roles in the diagnosis and charac-terization of different pathologies of peripheral lung lesions, especially in the emergency setting. Aim of Study: The aim of this study is to assess the role of chest US and Doppler examination in the assessment of peripheral lung lesions in comparison with chest CT, which is the gold standard for chest diagnosis. Subjects and Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 120 patients who underwent chest CT examination, full chest US, and Doppler. Results were assessed blindly and compared with CT. Results: The main lung lesions assessed by US and Doppler were lung collapse, consolidation, interstitial lung changes, and peripheral pulmonary nodules, with the estimated sensi-tivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of detection ranging from 63.9%-76.9%, 94%-95%, 79.2%-95%, 85.9%-91.5%, and 85%-93.3% re-spectively. There was a significant correlation between US and Doppler in comparison with CT. Conclusion: Chest US proved its value as a complementary tool for the diagnosis of peripheral lung lesions, with high specificity and accuracy. This finding was enforced by Doppler, history, and clinical suspicion, although the use of CT to obtain the final diagnosis would be more applicable.

Early infantile epileptic encephalopathy (EIEE) is a severe form neurological disorder of age-related epileptic encephalopathy. Characteristically, it presents with tonic spasms within the first 3 months of life. The spasms can be generalized or focal and hemi-convulsions, it can be in clusters or singly which occur hundreds of times per day, not related to sleep cycle, leading to psychomotor impairment and death. Some cases of EIEE are due to metabolic disorders or brain malformations that may or not be genetic in origin. The genetic origin of EIEE are usually related to brain dysgenesis or neuronal dysfunction. Early infantile epileptic encephalopathy-39 (EIEE39) is a result of homozygous mutation in the SLC25A12 gene (603667) on chromosome 2q31. Here it was described a homozygous nonsense variant of the SLC25A12 gene in our 7 years old child, which was not reported in the literature so far.

Background Coronary artery disease is the most important cause of death in industrialized countries. Diabetes mellitus is one of the most important modifiable risk factors of coronary artery disease. It increases the risk of coronary artery disease by 2 to 4-fold. Interestingly, this increased risk is not confined to patients with DM, but non-diabetic patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) also may have an increased incidence of cardiovascular complications. Moreover, increased admission glucose levels may be related to a higher mortality rates in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), regardless of diabetic status. Objective To assess the prognostic impact of admission HbA1c in patients without known diabetes mellitus who were admitted with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction, on outcome of 1ry PCI and short-term outcome of adverse cardiac events. Material and Methods This is an observational, this study was conducted at Coronary care unit & coronary catheterization lab unit of cardiology department in Ain Shams University & specialized hospitals. The study period was 6 months (From 1-9-2018 till 1-3-2019). Results 100 patients without prior diagnosis of DM were included in our study population Three categories of patients were created according to HbA1c level: Group 1 (< 5.7%): 46 patients (46%); Group 2 (5.5 to 6.4%): 38patients (38%); Group 3 (>6.5%): 16 patients (16%). Baseline characteristics of the study population are shown in Table 1. The mean age of our sample was 55.06 ± 11.73 years and 96% were males. There was highly statistically significant difference found between DM groups regarding SYNTAX score with P-value (0.002) & another highly significant difference in EF between the 3 groups. Conclusion The present study showed that admission higher HbA1c level in non-diabetic patients presented by acute STEMI is associated with more severe CAD, lower rate of complete revascularization TIMI 3, and higher incidence of adverse cardiac events and mortality. Introducing measurement of HbA1c in the CCU seems to be a simple method to obtain important information on mortality risk.

Melatonin (N-acetyl-methoxytryptamine) is secreted from a part of the brain called suprachiasmatic nuclei. The biological clock of the body or the circadian rhythm is regulated through the secretion of hormones such as melatonin and cortisol. The dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) was optimized for the determination of human salivary melatonin. Different variables including the nature of extracting and dispersing solvent, their volumes, sample pH, ionic strength, extraction and centrifugation times were screened using One Factor At a Time design and then, the significant variables were selected as optimum values. Accuracy and precision of the optimized method were evaluated at concentrations of 50, 100, 250 pg/mL by achieving CV% for day-to-day and within-day reproducibility. Considering the appropriate results of the study, DLLME procedure can be used for the determination of melatonin hormone in saliva samples.

Leptin serves as a signal to the central nervous system with information on the critical amount of adipose tissue stores that is necessary for activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis.To document the histological and ultrastructural changes that occur in the ovarian follicles of immature albino rats treated with leptin when compared with controls. Furthermore, the endometrial histological and immunohistochemical, and vaginal cytological changes suggestive of ovulation were assessed.The study was carried out on 50 immature female albino rats aged 22 days; 24 of them were injected with 5 microg leptin daily and 26 rats were taken as controls. Vaginal smears were taken daily, three animals were sacrificed every 2-4 days from each group, ovaries and uteri were dissected and specimens were prepared for electron microscopic, histological and/or immunohistochemical assessment. The research project was approved by The Histology Department Committee of Alexandria Medical School, which is licensed for animal care and use.Electron microscopic and histological examination confirmed the occurrence of maturational changes in various ovarian components from 26 days of age in leptin-treated rats, with ovulation occurring from the age of 30 days. The granulosa, theca and stroma cells showed signs of steroidogenesis, with increased mitosis within granulosa cells. The ooplasm showed an increased number of organelles, and annulate lamellae were demonstrated. The zona pellucida revealed microvilli, adhering junctions and gap junctions. Similarly, the endometrial histological and vaginal cytological maturational changes were detected in leptin-treated rats from 26 days of age. Furthermore, there was high expression of estrogen receptor-alpha in almost all columnar and stroma cells of the endometrium. However, the control rats ovulated around the normal age of maturation, i.e. 42 days.We documented ultrastructural, histological, immunohistochemical and cytological evidence that leptin accelerates the onset of puberty in female albino rats. The potential role of exogenous leptin, in cases of impaired reproductive function in humans, needs to be elucidated.

A fracture mechanics model has been developed to estimate the fretting fatigue strength and the service life of structural components. Integrated in this model is a contact problem solver that is automated to deal with the geometric and material nonlinearities of the problem. A three-dimensional interface element was developed to model the constitutive laws of the interface. The results demonstrated the capability of the model to predict the conditions under which small fretting-induced fatigue cracks are arrested. The model was validated by predicting the S-N curves produced experimentally for Inconel 600 at high temperature. The prediction of the fretting fatigue limit was found to be in excellent agreement with the experimental results.

Abstract Field BY Coiled Tubing (CTU) Operation comprised of 2 wells to be cleaned out and perforated that are A1 and A4. These two wells target reservoir was untapped and has good potential of increasing gas production rate from BY Field. Well A1 is an infill well while A4 is a workover well, which both operations were commenced in October 2009 using a jack up drilling rig. Problem started when these wells experienced held up as there was solid restriction inside the liner, which prevented further movement of the wireline tool and as such, perforation can't take place. After considering the escalating daily spread cost, in February 2010, decision was made to release the rig and temporarily suspend the wells for future well intervention. Few options were available for the intervention job. After assessing all risks, the drilling team has decided to deploy CTU operation with Catenary system. This operation was considered unique and the first for Drilling Departrment. The challenge was high for the inexperienced team in handling the CTU Catenary operation. With shear determination and commitment, the drilling team managed to deliver the operation, where both wells were successfully cleaned out, perforated and flowed exceeding the minimum target. This paper discusses the challenges faced by the drilling team in carrying out the CTU operation and lessons learnt throughout the operation. Introduction Upon suspension of well A1 and A4, the drilling team has started to look for solution to carry out the intervention job. Factors like cost, rig availability, effectiveness and offshore/weather condition played important roles in making the decision. Based on detail technical discussion, the team had decided to use Rig-less CTU Catenary system. Instead of rig, a workboat was required to support the operation. It allowed Catenary system equipments (Coiled tubing Reel, Catenary System Power Pack, and Coil Feeder) to be positioned on a workboat and at the same time provided space for temporary storage of other major equipment such as tank and silos for clean-up fluids storage. Other major equipment were CTU Power Pack, Control Cabin, Injector Head stack up and flying Gooseneck were positioned on platform deck. Besides that, the platform was loaded with Well Testing equipment to control the flow by choke manifold and disposal of return from the wells by flaring through Burner Boom. On the other hand, a Slick line and Wire line equipments were placed on the platform deck for the purpose of tubing clearance check and perforation operation respectively. Using a workboat essentially saved the overall project cost because the daily charter rate for a workboat package including one support vessel is a quarter of a standard jack up rig daily cost.

A new class of 7-azaindole analogs of MK-7246 as potent and selective CRTH2 antagonists is reported. The SAR leading to the identification of the optimal azaindole regioisomer as well as the pharmacokinetics and off-target activities of the most potent antagonists are disclosed.

Objective. To determine the prevalence of the vaccine-preventable diseases caused by varicella, measles, rubella, and hepatitis A and B viruses in a multinational healthcare workforce. Design. Prospective cohort study. Setting. A 750-bed tertiary care center located in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods. In compliance with hospital policy, newly recruited healthcare workers (HCWs) were enrolled in the study from September 2001 to March 2005. Serum samples were collected from all HCWs during the initial hiring process and tested for IgG antibodies against each of the 5 viral agents. Nonimmune HCWs were subsequently vaccinated at the earliest opportunity. Results. A total of 4,006 newly hired (international and local) employees were included in the study. All underwent serologic testing for IgG antibodies against varicella, measles, rubella, hepatitis A, and hepatitis B viruses. Of the total, 63% were female and 37% were male. Middle Eastern employees comprised 47% of the total, followed by employees from the Far East (35%), the West (10%), and Africa (8%). Forty-two percent were nurses, 27% were in administration, 18% were medical technicians, and 13% were physicians. Among the 4,006 newly hired HCWs, 14% had negative IgG antibody test results for varicella virus, 13% for measles virus, 10% for rubella virus, 33% for hepatitis A virus, and 43% for hepatitis B virus. More women than men were susceptible to hepatitis A (40% vs. 24%; P< .001), whereas more men were susceptible to hepatitis B (55% vs. 35%; P< .001). Varicella susceptibility was more common among HCWs from the Far East (19%), whereas susceptibility to measles, rubella, hepatitis A, and hepatitis B was highest among HCWs from the Middle East. Both relative youth and male sex were associated with lack of antibodies against hepatitis B virus and rubella virus. In contrast, female sex and younger age were associated with lack of antibodies against hepatitis A virus (P< .001). Conclusion. Seroprevalence surveys of vaccine-preventable diseases among HCWs, although labor intensive, are invaluable in caring for a multinational workforce.

Sandstone samples from the Temple of Karnak, Luxor, Egypt, were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), thin-section analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Physical, mechanical and thermal properties were determined before and after treatment with six different consolidants. The data were confirmed by SEM examination. Methyl trimethoxy silane (MTMOS) gave the best results in the consolidation of the Karnak sandstone.

An experimental histopathological and histochemical work carried out in thirty guinea-pigs of an average weight of 475 gm. receiving oestrogen in the form of ethynyl oestradiol in a dose of 10 microgram/animal/day and aiming at a study of the effects of oestrogen on the respiratory nasal mucosa. The histopathalogical lesions of the respiratory nasal mucosa were in the form of squamous metaplasia and spongiosis of the lining epithelium, with oedema of the underlying corium, glandular hyperplasia submucosal cellular infiltration, increased vascularity and some vascular changes in the form of endothelial proliferation with intimal thickening. Histochemical enzymatic alterations were in the form of increased succinic dehydrogenase activity in the epithelium as well as in the hyperplastic submucous glands, intensified reaction of the acid phosphatase in the cells of the corium, and the appearance of alkaline phosphatase activity in the apical parts of the cells lining the glands, indicating increased secretory activity. All the changes obtained in the histopathological and histochemical studies can be attributed to hormonal stimulation of the nasal mucosa.The histopathological and histochemical effects of 10 mcg/day of eth inyl estradiol (EE) on the nasal respiratory mucosa were studied in 30 female guinea pigs. Histopathological changes observed after treatment were: 1) squamous metaplasia, 2) spongcosis and edema of the corium, 3) glandular hyperplasia, 4) cellular infiltrations, 5) increased vascularity, and 6) vascular changes in the form of endothelial proliferation with intimal thickening. The observed histochemical changes were: 1) increased succinic dehydrogenase activity in the epithelium and hyperplastic submucous glands, 2) an intensified reaction of acid phosphatase activity in the cells of the corium, and 3) alkaline phosphatase activity in the apical areas of the cells lining the glands. All of the observed changes are attributed to the stimulation of the nasal mucosa by EE.