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Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma is a rare and aggressive tumor with an extremely poor prognosis. In the vast majority of cases, this tumor can not be resected due to its rapid local growth. Correct morphological diagnosis is impossible without a thorough differential diagnosis between sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma and a number of lowgrade tumors of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Very few case reports and retrospective studies on sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma have been published so far. No unified widely accepted guidelines on sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma treatment are currently available due to the lack of statistically significant data from randomized clinical trials. The optimal treatment strategy should be based on an aggressive multimodal approach involving radical surgery, precision radiation therapy, and intensive chemotherapy. The benefits of systemic targeted therapy for patients with sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma are still unclear. The best results can be achieved by employing tailored treatment approaches preferably in multidisciplinary cancer centers, where healthcare professionals experienced in managing patients with head and neck tumors can be involved. In this article, we report a case of complete radiological response after induction chemotherapy with docetaxel and doxorubicin and proton radiation therapy for the primary tumor area in a 53‑year-old female patient with non-resectable platinum-resistant sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma.

Purpose: to conduct a preliminary analysis of the safety and effectiveness of hifu-therapy with a lowenergy hifu-2001 device (shenzhen Huikang Medical apparatus Co., ltd) performed concurrently with chemotherapy in pancreatic cancer patients who are not suitable for surgery or chemoradiotherapy.Material and Method. The study included 24 pancreatic cancer patients who were treated at the Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research institute in the period from 2016 to 2019. There were 17 (71 %) women and 7 (29 %) men. The percentage of patients in the elderly group was 79 %. Stage iia pancreatic cancer was diagnosed in 3 (12.5 %) patients, stage ii in 5 (21 %) patients, stage iii in 9 (37.5 %) patients, and stage iv in 7 (29 %) patients. All patients received combination therapy, including systemic chemotherapy and hifu-therapy. Results. The most frequent adverse events of treatment were skin burns (n=6), with third-degree burns occurring in 2 (8.3 %) patients. Local sclerosis of subcutaneous adipose tissue was observed in 4 (17 %) patients; development of asymptomatic pancreatic pseudocysts in the area of hifu exposure was observed in 1 (4 %) patient. Pain control was achieved in 17 (85 %) patients, and local tumor control was achieved in 19 (79.2 %) patients. The follow-up time ranged from 5 to 30 months with a median time of 14.5 months. The median total life expectancy of patients was 16 months, and the median time to progression was 9 months. The overall 6-month survival rate was 100 %. The 1- and 1.5-year survival rates were 75.0 % and 41.7 %, respectively. The 2-year survival rate was 17.2 %. The 6-month and 1-year disease-free survival rates were 62.5 % and 12.5 %, respectively. Conclusion. The short- and long-term outcomes were consistent with those described in other studies, which indicated that a combination of systemic drug therapy and hifu-therapy is an appropriate approach for the treatment of patients with pancreatic cancer.

Combination of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy with subsequent total mesorectum excision and 6-months of adjuvant chemotherapy remains a standard approach to treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer (T3 or T4 and / or N1–3; M0) for more than 15 years, which is reflected in practical guidelines of most leading oncological societies. However, recent data suggests possibilities of more individualized treatment conceptions with a potential of further improvement of long-term therapy outcomes and patient’s quality of life. In this paper we present review of results of clinical trials which investigated new approaches to treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer.

Detailed, systematic review of the world literature data, including all aspects that reflect the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the oncological practice was conducted. The information sources were taken from Pubmed, MedLine, Scopus, Web of Science, and RSCI systems. The data from retrospective and prospective clinical trials have been analyzed. This review presents current data on the impact of COVID-19 on cancer patients, mortality and prognosis of cancer patients infected with COVID-19, treatment options for COVID-19, as well as the case report of the cancer patient with rare atypical COVID-19 course of disease. To date, the groups of increased risk of being infected with a new coronavirus have been identified. These groups include cancer patients. Despite the pandemic, treatment of cancer patients must be continued, since the presence of a tumor process does not allow the therapy to be delayed. The world cancer community is actively continuing to develop recommendations for optimal management of cancer patients in the context of the pandemic. The most relevant of them are described in this article.

The results of the clinical studies have a direct impact on clinical practice. The main criteria for the effectiveness of treatment method are increasing the overall life expectancy and improving its quality. In the treatment of common forms of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, induction chemotherapy can be used, including platinum drugs, preferably in combination with cetuximab. Next immuno-oncological drugs should be prescribed. In the future, in the 1st line of therapy, it is possible to replace cetuximab with pembrolizumab or monotherapy with pembrolizumab, which allows to increase the effectiveness of treatment and reduce its toxicity. The article presents 3 clinical observations that demonstrate the possibility of integration the results of clinical research in practice.

Although many currently known molecular targets are characterized by organ specificity, they can be found in various types of tumors. Molecular diagnostic techniques can be used to help select patients who are most likely to benefit from target therapy. Case presentation . We describe the case of a 38-year-old patient with advanced gastric cancer with peritoneal dissemination. On december 11, 2014, the patient underwent palliative subtotal gastrectomy followed by 18 cycles of chemotherapy (xelOx) and radiotherapy. On February 2, 2017, percutaneous transhepatic cholangiostomy of the left lobe bile duct was performed. in May 2017, the stent was inserted into the common bile duct due to bile duct stenosis. three months later, disease progression (multiple liver metastases) occurred, and chemotherapy with paclitaxel was given in a weekly schedule. therapy with crizotinib was administered 3 months after determining the alK mutation. the duration of treatment was 8 months with satisfactory tolerability. Conclusion. target therapy with krizotinib seems to be an effective treatment for alK-positive tumors.

The study objective is to provide a rationale for the development of an individual treatment plan for patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx, hypopharynx, and oropharynx by selecting different regimens of induction chemotherapy according to biological characteristics of the tumor and functional status of the patient. Materials and methods . We developed an individual treatment plan for a patient with stage IV moderately differentiated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (cT4N2M0) characterized by extensive local distribution, pronounced clinical symptoms of respiratory failure, and bilateral conglomerates of metastatic lymph nodes. The treatment scheme included paclitaxel (80 mg/m 2 ), carboplatin AUC 2, and ce-tuximab (400 mg/m 2 loading dose, then 250 mg/m 2 ). The treatment was initially palliative. The patient received 6 injections once a week. Results. After a six-week course, we observed tumor resorption by more than 50 %, which allowed the second stage of treatment that included radical chemoradiotherapy with cetuximab. After summarizing our own experience, we found that the majority of patients with initially unresectable tumors, but in good overall physical condition responded to docetaxel, cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil (TPF) — based chemotherapy. Approximately half of them had complete tumor resorption, whereas 14.2 % of them had stabilization of the tumor process. Research literature shows that up to 30 % of patients receiving chemoradiotherapy with cisplatin fail to complete the planned treatment due to its toxicity; replacement of cisplatin with carboplatin and 5-fluorouracil results in mucositis and thrombocytopenia. By contrast, chemoradiotherapy with cetuximab significantly increases both 3-year and 5-year survival and demonstrates good tolerability. In patients with .severe nutritional deficiency, concomitant cardiac diseases, polyneuropathy, and impaired liver function, the preference should be given to less toxic treatment regimens. Conclusion. Cetuximab-containing chemotherapy regimens are the most effective treatment option in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma They can be used in patients with different functional status depending on the clinical situation.

Carcinoma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses is a rare malignancy. Due to non-specific symptoms, up to 75% of patients with paranasal sinus cancer present with advanced disease, when the tumor affects different vital structures. This circumstance determines a poor prognosis and low survival rate. We report the case of the patient who presented with stage 3 maxillary sinus cancer and underwent three-modality therapy: induction chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery. The patient’s follow up period is 7 years and she remain disease-free.

Objective: to assess safety, responses rate and duration, progression-free and overall survival in patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma receiving vinflunine as second-line therapy in routine clinical practice, after additional patient recruitment.Materials and methods. This retrospective observational multicenter study included medical data of 34 patients with verified advanced urothelial carcinoma receiving vinflunine for tumor progression after first-line chemotherapy in 11 Russian clinical centers from March 23, 2013 to June 3, 2017. The median age of the patients was 60 (44–81) years. ECOG performance status was 0 in 2 (5.9 %), ECOG 1 – in 21 (61.7 %), ECOG 2 – in 9 (26.5 %), and ECOG 3 – in 2 (5.9 %) patients. Visceral metastases were present in 14 (41.2 %), non-visceral – in 20 (58.8 %) cases. Anemia was recorded in 20 (58.8 %) patients. According to Bellmunt scale 2 (5.9 %) patients had none risk factors, 6 (17.6 %) had 1 risk factor, 18 (52.9 %) and 8 (23.5 %) had 2 and 3 risk factors, respectively. Initial vinflunine dosage was 320 mg/m2 in 6 (17.6 %) patients, 280 mg/m2 in 22 (64.8 %) or 250 mg/m2 in 6 (17.6 %). Patient received a median of 4 (1–10) cycles of therapy.Results. Adverse events (AE) were recorded in 33 (97.1 %) cases. The most frequent were general (70.6 %), hematologic (58.8 %), and gastrointestinal AE (41.1 %). Most AE were grades I–II and well-controlled. There were no deaths caused by adverse events. The best response was assessed as complete in 1 (2.9 %), partial – in 5 (14.7 %), stabilization – in 19 (55.9 %), and progression – in 9 (26.5 %) of the 34 patients. Complete response duration was 9.0 months, median partial response duration was 8.0 months (95 % confidence interval (CI) 5.5–13.0); median stabilization duration – 3.5 months (95 % CI 0.7–12.8). Median progression-free and overall survival were 3.9 (95 % CI 3.5‒4.3) and 6.4 (95 % CI 0.1–17.0) months, respectively. Univariate analysis indicated that the low somatic ECOG status and the initial vinflunine dosage of 250 mg/m2 had adverse impact on overall survival.Conclusion. The efficacy and safety of vinflunine as second-line therapy for first-line chemotherapy-resistant advanced urothelial carcinoma in unselected patients are similar to the results of Phase III randomized trial and early results of the Russian observational study.

At present, aggressive surgical approach in combination with perioperative chemotherapy allows to extend indications for surgical intervention in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, since only a radical liver resection provides better long-term survival. Contrast enhancement imaging techniques are important before considering treatment options to identify patients with resectable and potentially resectableliver metastases. Our study evaluated the qualitative and quantitative parameters of thedynamic enhancement pattern of liver metastases. This review will be analyzed the results of liver contrast-enhanced ultrasound studies in 104 patients with secondary colorectal liver metastases before primary tumor resection, as well as the monitoring of systemic chemotherapy and post-ablation follow-up to access treatment respond.

Objective: to investigate the safety of vinflunine, the rate and duration of its treatment response, progression-free and overall survival rates in patients receiving this drug in routine clinical practice for first-line chemotherapy (CT) – resistant disseminated transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary tract. Materials and methods. This retrospective observational multicenter study included data on 25 patients with verified disseminated transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary tract who took vinflunine for tumor progression after first-line CT performed in 11 Russian clinical centers in 23 March 2013 to 26 June 2016. The median age of the patients was 60 (44‒81) years. Their baseline somatic status was rated as ECOG 0 in 1 (4.0 %) patient, ECOG 1 in 13 (52.0 %) patients, EGOG 2 in 9 (36.0 %), and ECOG 3 in 2 (8.0 %). The most common sites of tumor foci were bones (n = 14, 56.0 %), lymph nodes of different groups (n = 14; 56.0 %), and lung (n = 9; 36.0 %). Results. Adverse reactions were recorded in 24 (96.0 %) cases. The most common types of toxicity were asthenia (n = 19; 76.0 %), anemia (n = 18; 72.0 %), neutropenia (n = 13; 52 %), and nausea (n = 12; 48.0 %). Most adverse events were grades I–II and well controlled. There were no deaths due to adverse events. The best treatment response was regarded as partial in 6 (24.0 %) patients; stabilization and progression were observed in 10 (40.0 %) and 9 (36.0 %) patients, respectively. The median duration of partial response was 5.1 (95 % confidence interval (CI), 0.6–15.0) months; that of stabilization was 3.4 (95 % CI, 1.2–6.3) months. In all the 25 cases, the median progression-free and overall survival rates were 3.7 (95 % CI, 2.1‒5.3) and 6.5 (95 % CI, 5.2‒7.8) months, respectively. The somatic status was a predictor of overall survival (p < 0.0001). Conclusion. The efficacy and safety of vinflunine in second-line therapy for first-line CT-resistant disseminated transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary tract in unselected patients agree with those previously observed in Phase III randomized trial.