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Organizational ratings exude anxiety and allure, but relatively little is known about how managers balance resisting and mobilizing ratings. We explore this duality with a qualitative study on managerial responses to corporate social responsibility (CSR) ratings. Based on interviews focused on CSR ratings with managers of 60 companies, we induce four responses to ratings: grumbling, contestation, cherry-picking and microstatactivism. We further show how managers combine resistance and mobilization in two ambivalent engagement modes. Our analysis contributes to the literature by developing a more nuanced theory of corporate responses to organizational ratings, which demonstrates the importance of ambivalence in managing institutional pressure.

The present study is focused on the phenomenon of cognitive polyphasia in the context of representations of mentally ill people by different groups of society. The authors put at the forefront the problem of finding the conditions for the actualization of cognitive polyphasia. The study was aimed at identifying manifestations of cognitive polyphasia in the structure of social representations (SRs) of the mentally ill in the groups of Orthodox respondents and non-believers. The sample consisted of Orthodox Christians: N = 114 (49 males and 65 females) and non-believers: N = 113 (76 males and 37 females) in the age ranges 18-23, 40-45 and 60-65 years, permanently residing in Moscow. The survey of the respondents at the main stage of the research was carried out using: (1) the authors questionnaire developed on the basis of the results of the search stage and including 29 statements; (2) a scale of self-assessed degree of religiosity; (3) a modified D. Feldes Psychological Distance Scale; (4) a modified sentence completion method; (5) the Bubbles technique and (6) a question pool for obtaining socio-demographic information. The results showed that the emotional component of SRs of the mentally ill changed their modality depending on the survey methods used. When the respondents evaluated the statements of the questionnaire, the core of SRs in both groups contained elements that were extremely sympathetic towards the mentally ill, and the statements revealing negative emotions (the possibility of contracting a mental illness or the need to isolate these people from society) were on the periphery of their representations. At the same time, the data of the projective methods showed that the negative representation background (as compared to the positive one) in relation to mentally ill people significantly predominated among both believers and non-believers. The negative representation of the mentally ill is most pronounced in the group of non-believers and reaches the highest rates in the group of 60-65-year-old respondents. We regard such ambivalence as a manifestation of cognitive polyphasia and, in particular, its variety, i.e., selective prevalence.

OBJECTIVE: As the empirical picture of adults with psychiatric conditions (further referred to as 'patients') requesting euthanasia is still incomplete, this study aims to deepen our understanding of why these patients request euthanasia, how this relates to the option of suicide, and what could have prevented these patients from considering death and requesting euthanasia. METHODS: A qualitative study using in-depth, face-to-face interviews was conducted with 16 patients who had their euthanasia request under assessment in the period 2016-2020. Thematic coding was used. FINDINGS: Most patients were in a state of feeling emotionally worn-out as a result of the many accumulated misfortunes and setbacks, leading to the all-pervasive sense that life is no longer worth living. Whereas some patients reported lifelong adversity, others struggled predominantly in later life. Whereas some patients longed for death strongly, others expressed ambivalence towards death ideation, and some even requested euthanasia to hear of their ineligibility for it, to restore hope and to (re)find meaning in life. patients valued euthanasia over suicide as being more dignified and acceptable, both for themselves and for their inner circle. With regard to preventive factors, patients posited the need for improved accessibility and quality of mental healthcare, as well as a profound change in society's perception of, and support for, these patients. CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed the many complexities of euthanasia in the context of psychiatry, due to the many differences in patients' background characteristics, in their motives for requesting euthanasia, and the multi-layered aspects of mental suffering that go beyond the field of psychiatry. ispartof: JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH vol:144 pages:158-167 ispartof: location:England status: published

Social networks are usually considered as positive sources of social support, a role which has been extensively studied in the context of domestic violence. To victims of abuse, social networks often provide initial emotional and practical help as well useful information ahead of formal institutions. Recently, however, attention has been paid to the negative responses of social networks. In this article, we advance the theoretical debate on social networks as a source of social support by moving beyond the distinction between positive and negative ties. We do so by proposing the concepts of relational ambivalence and consistency, which describe the interactive processes by which people, intentionally or inadvertently, disregard—or align with—each other’s role‐relational expectations, therefore undermining—or reinforcing—individual’s choices of action. We analyse the qualitative accounts of 19 female victims of domestic violence in Sweden, who described the responses of their personal networks during and after the abuse. We observe how the relationships embedded in these networks were described in ambivalent and consistent terms, and how they played a role in supporting or undermining women in reframing their loving relationships as abusive; in accounting or dismissing perpetrators’ responsibilities for the abuse; in relieving women from role‐expectations and obligations or in burdening them with further responsibilities; and in supporting or challenging their pathways out of domestic abuse. Our analysis suggests that social isolation cannot be considered a simple result of a lack of support but of the complex dynamics in which support is offered and accepted or withdrawn and refused. Funding: FORTE; Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and WelfareSwedish Research CouncilSwedish Research Council for Health Working Life & Welfare (Forte) [2016-00987]

Objective: Despite growing interest in female sexual offending, academic understanding of community females who display a propensity towards sexual aggression (PSA) is lacking. Method: Across three vignette studies, we recruited three independent samples of community females (Noverall = 555) to assess the prevalence of female PSA towards males. We also examined whether established risk factors associated with male PSA are valid predictors of female PSA. These included ambivalent sexist attitudes, inappropriate sexual interests, non-sexual aggression, impulsivity, male rape myth acceptance, and sexual preoccupation. Results: Across studies, findings showed that between 26.9% and 44.0% of participants did not emphatically reject an interest in adult male-directed PSA. Key predictors of participants’ non-zero endorsement included an interest in violent sexual activities, rape myth acceptance, and sexual preoccupation. Conclusions: Though lower than their male counterparts (see Bohner, G., Reinhard, M. A., Rutz, S., Sturm, S., Kerschbaum, B., & Effler, D. (1998). Rape myths as neutralizing cognitions: Evidence for a causal impact of anti-victim attitudes on men’s self-reported likelihood of raping. European Journal of Social Psychology, 28(2), 257–268), some community females self-report an interest in perpetrating male-directed sexual aggression. We discuss the implications of our findings on harm prevention efforts with females, alongside avenues for future research.

This article documents, contextualizes, and theorizes the significance of technological divides and inequalities of access, along with diverse accommodations, adaptations, resistances, and alternat...

Integrating paradox theory with work-life boundary theory, we examine how employees’ unethical pro-organizational behavior (UPB) increases work-to-life conflict. Based on the morally paradoxical nature of UPB (unethical yet pro-organizational), we propose that UPB triggers emotional ambivalence by simultaneously inducing guilt (negative moral emotion) and pride (positive moral emotion). This emotional ambivalence produces a state of anxiety, which in turn increases employees’ work-to-life conflict. Our theoretical perspective (UPB → emotional ambivalence [guilt & pride] → state anxiety → work-to-life conflict) was supported by an experience sampling study of hairstylists (Study 1), a vignette experiment of accountants (Study 2), and an experience sampling study of employee-partner pairs (Study 3). In sum, our research demonstrates that unethical behavior intended to benefit the organization may paradoxically hurt employees themselves.

This paper postulates a distinction between two types of discursive aggression in the context of humour production. This theoretical argument is supported by a qualitative (meta)pragmatic analysis of posts on the RoastMe subreddit devoted to an online community's original humorous practice based on jocular insults. The study of emic (community members') and etic (outsiders') metapragmatic evaluations of the content on the subreddit yields divergent insider/outsider interpretations of the practice at hand; it also uncovers some ambivalence in the polysemous folk concepts of roasting and cyberbullying and the relationship between them. “Roasting” and “cyberbullying” are formally distinguished based on the intended form of aggression on which each relies. Also, the points of convergence between humour and aggression are surveyed. First, mock aggression underlies benevolent humour (typified by roasting proper); second, genuine aggression (exemplified by cyberbullying proper) may amuse individuals other than the target of discursive aggression.

Refereed/Peer-reviewed This study examined the prevalence of somatic symptoms in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a population-based military sample (N = 14,445). Descriptive statistics explored somatic symptom endorsement in the entire sample. A latent class analyses was conducted on participants with a posttraumatic stress checklist (PCL) score ≥29 (n = 2433), with class differentiated by somatic symptom endorsement. Multinomial logistic regression explored correlates of latent class. Somatic disorder was more prevalent in probable-PTSD (59.6%) and subsyndromal-PTSD (26.5%) than no-PTSD (5.0%) groups, supporting an intersection of pathophysiological processes between somatic and PTSD symptoms. A 3-class solution of Syndromal (26.7%), Psychological (17.7%), and Somatic (55.5%) classes provided the optimal representation of latent somatic symptom typologies in probable PTSD and subsyndromal PTSD. Differences between classes on key characteristics supported potentially meaningful class distinctions. Class was not predicted by number of deployments nor whether a member had ever deployed. However, class was predicted by life-time trauma, indicating that the PTSD somatic symptom relationship is not confined to combat related PTSD or the effect of toxic exposures on deployment, but that pre-existing pathophysiology related to life-time trauma may drive the relationship. The high degree of coincidence between PTSD and somatic symptoms and the high prevalence of somatic distress in the Syndromal and Somatic classes support somatic symptoms are a ubiquitous aspect of the clinical presentation and should be considered a central characteristic of PTSD and therefore included in the diagnostic criteria, as suggested by the original formulations of PTSD.

Introduction Exceptional experiences of contact with the deceased are the subject of renewed interest in the bereavement clinical practice. Several works have highlighted positive aspects of such experiences, while asking specific questions about their complex links with psychopathology. The rupture model, reinforced by the Freudian theory, promotes the acceptance of loss; while the model of continued bonds favours the maintenance of identifications and relationships with the deceased. The latter model is based on recent investigations of these “necrophanic” experiences, the prevalence of which is between 47 and 82% among the bereaved. Method We analyze 108 testimonies (English and French) from a set of 1004 questionnaires completed online. They correspond to a subset of the sample of respondents who described their experience of contact with the deceased as frightening or negative. Our mixed analysis of closed and open-ended questions sheds light on the content of the messages, the anxieties associated with these experiences, the ways in which subjects shared these experiences, and their aftereffects. Results We proceed to a phenomenological breakdown to requalify 20 cases of encounters with unidentified entities, generally associated with sleep paralysis; and 6 incomplete cases which cannot be categorized. The contents of the messages are mostly positive. The anxieties are rather ambivalent and transitory. Sharing such experiences is easily done with relatives, but is hardly addressed with clinicians. There is a retrospective perception of an almost unchanged religiosity and a significantly increased spirituality, with specific effects generally favourable to the grieving process. Discussion These data on spontaneous, so-called frightening experiences rather suggest that these experiences may be catalysts for non-pathological mourning. In contradiction with the rupture model, these results reinforce the model of continued bonds by suggesting a paradoxical mourning: bearevement is accomplished at the cost of always keeping the relationship with the deceased open and alive. Clinical guidelines of such experiences are presented and discussed. Conclusion Necrophanic experiences are frequent and powerful. Longitudinal investigations seem necessary to evaluate their long-term effects.

This research is aimed to analyze the floating identity from the main character, Ted, represented in Robert Olen Butler’s short story titled “Cricket”. Then, using post-colonialism approach, the identity of the main character, Ted, will be analyzed in relation to the occurrence of ambivalence and mimicry in the short story “Cricket.” The method used to analyze the short story is by using descriptive qualitative method. The author seeks, describes, and analyzes the data. The data is taken from the narration and dialogue of the short story which is related to the research. The theory used in this research is the post-colonial theory from the post-colonial theory expert, Homi K. Bhabha. The occurrence and phenomena of hybridity in form of ambivalence and mimicry in the short story used to determine the main character’s identity reflected in the story, based on Bhabha’s definition of mentioned term. The results of this study show the existence of identity crisis in which the main character, Ted, couldn’t sure which identity he belongs to. Ted has a “defective” identity where he accepted Western superiority but didn’t let go his Eastern roots, trapped in his own dilemma in achieving his identity.

Background: The associations between levels of pregnancy intention and adverse behaviors or experiences during pregnancy and postpartum have not been well described. Materials and Methods: We used ...

Background There may be no competency more shrouded in uncertainty than health advocacy (HA), raising questions about the robustness of advocacy training in postgraduate medical education. By understanding how programs currently train HA, we can identify whether trainees' learning needs are being met. Methods From 2017 to 2019, we reviewed curricular documents across nine direct-entry specialties at all Ontario medical schools, comparing content for the HA and communicator roles to delineate role-specific challenges. We then conducted semi-structured interviews with trainees (n = 9) and faculty (n = 6) to review findings and discuss their impact. Data were analyzed using thematic content analysis. Results Curricular documents revealed vague objectives and ill-defined modes of assessment for both intrinsic roles. This uncertainty was perceived as more problematic for HA, in part because HA seemed both undervalued in, and disconnected from, clinical learning. Trainees felt that the onus was on them to figure out how to develop and demonstrate HA competence, causing many to turn their learning attention elsewhere. Discussion Lack of curricular focus seems to create the perception that advocacy isn't valuable, deterring trainees-even those keen to become competent advocates-from developing HA skills. Such ambivalence may have troubling downstream effects for both patient care and trainees' professional development.

From March to May 2020 in the UK, measures that became known across the world as ‘lockdown’ curtailed personal freedoms in order to curb the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus. While initial criticisms of lockdown focused on the adverse impacts of social isolation on wellbeing, this research article explores how lockdown creates new and altered proximities and intimacies as well as distances. During the initial UK lockdown, the ‘household’ and ‘home’ were deployed in public rhetoric as default spaces of care and security in the face of widespread isolation and uncertainty. However, emergent proximities created by bringing people together in the assumed safety of home also deepened existing inequalities and vulnerabilities. Using anthropological theory, third sector evidence, and ethnographic interview data we explore this process. We argue that understanding proximity and intimacy as fundamentally ambivalent, not normatively affirming, is central to recognising how pandemic responses such as lockdown reinforce and reproduce existing forms of inequality and violence.

Introduction Major barriers in deprescribing are the ambivalence of patients, resistance to change, and poor acceptance of alternative treatments. Objective To investigate older patients’ beliefs, understanding and knowledge, satisfaction with medicine use, health outcome priorities, their attitude toward deprescribing, and to identify associated patient factors. Methods This multi-center cross-sectional, semistructured survey study involved older outpatients (70 years of age and older) with polypharmacy. The survey comprised three validated questionnaires: Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire, Patients’ Attitudes Towards Deprescribing questionnaire, and the Health Outcome Prioritization tool, with additional questions about understanding and satisfaction. The association between questionnaire outcomes and patient characteristics was investigated. Results Fifty participants were included; they used an average of 9 (+/- SD 2.7) medicines. For most participants (82%), the necessity of using medicines outweighed their concerns. Participants could name 35% of their medicines and 43% of the indications. Overall, 76% were satisfied with the effect of their medicines, but 94% would be willing to stop their medication if advised by their doctor. Maintaining independence (46%) and reducing pain (31%) were the most important health outcome priorities reported by the patients; staying alive had the lowest priority (51%). Participants with higher levels of educational attainment had better knowledge and had more concerns about harmful effects. Conclusions Patients are open to deprescribing but would probably not initiate the conversation themselves because they are generally very satisfied with their medicines. Knowledge about their medicines and their indications is poor. If doctors initiate deprescribing, patients are probably willing to follow their advice. Patients’ life priorities should be discussed in deprescribing conversations.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to identify variables that distinguish suicide risk among individuals with previous suicide attempts. METHOD: Using psychological autopsy procedures, we evaluated 86 decedents who had at least one lifetime suicide attempt prior to eventual death by suicide (n = 65) or natural causes (n = 21). RESULTS: The Suicide Death group was more likely to be male, to have alcohol in the toxicology report at time of death, and to have a depression diagnosis, while the Natural Cause Death group was more likely to have personality disorder traits, a polysubstance use disorder, higher reported health stress, and an antidepressant in the toxicology report at time of death. Hopelessness and ambivalence were found to distinguish between groups during the 6 months prior to death. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest important differences between individuals with a shared history of a suicide attempt who die by suicide versus natural causes.

The ascendancy of China’s Cultural Revolution led to a purge of the rightists, including musicians. This article unveils composer Zhao Xiaosheng’s emotional entanglement of fear and suppressed hostility toward the revolution, reflected in the political and artistic ambivalence in his two ballades for solo piano composed after his father’s death.

Throughout Europe, the arrival of irregular migrants in recent years has triggered the expression of nativist anxieties, witnessing a broad recourse to violent rhetoric and the embrace of exclusivi...

A growing literature suggests that generalized distrust mindsets encourage carefully considering alternatives—yet it remains unclear whether this pertains to moral decision-making. We propose that distrust simultaneously increases opposing moral response inclinations when moral decisions pit two moral responses against one another, such as classic moral dilemmas where causing harm maximizes outcomes. Such a pattern may be invisible to conventional analytic techniques that treat dilemma response inclinations as diametric opposites. Therefore, we employed process dissociation to independently assess response inclinations underlying moral dilemma responses. Three studies demonstrated that activating generalized distrust (vs. trust and control) mindsets increased both harm avoidance and outcome-maximization response tendencies. These effects canceled out for conventional relative dilemma judgments. Moreover, perceptions of feeling torn between available response options mediated the impact of distrust on both response inclinations. These findings clarify how distrust impacts decision-making processes in the moral domain.

In this paper, I explore an under-researched aspect of migration, that is, the contradicting emotions experienced by diaspora concerning their original land. Specifically, I consider the ways in wh...

Purpose of the study: In this study, Samuel Beckett's dramatic writings' major aspects and linguistic qualities are examined, focusing on Waiting for Godot. The importance of these texts' linguistic characteristics has also been investigated. The study also looks into whether linguistic interpretations of Waiting for Godot are compatible with Existential readings. Methodology: Computational techniques such as UAMCT, MAT, SUAS, and AntConc were used to analyze the data. However, UAMTC was employed as the primary tool, and the other techniques were only used to verify the results' validity and complement specific areas of analysis that UAMCT lacked. Main Findings: Samuel Beckett's dramatic works are a linguistic paradox, lexically simple but structurally complicated, according to our linguistic analysis. Waiting for Godot's linguistic elements develop themes such as "Pessimism," "Directionlessness," "Skepticism," "Nothingness," "Existence," "Ambivalence," "Boredom," and "Alienation," These topics are consistent with Waiting for Godot's Existential interpretations. Applications of this study: Applications of this study reside on its far-reaching pedagogical consequences for literature and language. It is extremely important for students and teachers of English Language and Literature and syllabus designers who deal with literature. Originality/ Novelty: The play has a linguistic spontaneity of Existential themes. In a nutshell, in Waiting for Godot, Beckett has not told the predicament of Existence but made it happen linguistically.

Health practices are shaped by gender relations and constructs. Utilising qualitative data, this study explores a shift in medication practices among gay men living with HIV (GMLH) in light of changing HIV/AIDS responses in Taiwan. In the 1980s and 1990s, the mobilisation of moralising discourses forged a gender hierarchy that subordinated HIV-positive gay males. In the 2000s, new state programmes on HIV/AIDS were implemented to enhance patients' adherence to treatment, but GMLH often expressed ambivalence towards medication, which could lead to HIV disclosure and, consequently, social exclusions under the gender hierarchy. Starting in the 2010s, the knowledge of HIV 'treatment as prevention' and a policy on early treatment have offered a new path for GMLH to navigate gender power dynamics and to strive towards an inclusive social life by taking medicine and optimising health, which facilitates a biomedicalisation of subordinated masculinity. This study contributes to the scholarship on HIV/AIDS by underscoring the significance of biomedicine for configuring masculine identities and practices among a subordinated group of men, as well as by highlighting the gender power relations and everyday 'nonbiomedical' negotiating practices that legitimise biomedicalisation.

Family caregivers of home hospice cancer patients often experience burden and distress, which can be mitigated by perceived social support. However, less attention has been paid to the non-family sources of support within social networks, or to how sources of support may also be sources of stress. We describe support and stress in social networks of hospice family caregivers and identify caregiving characteristics associated with classes identified in our data. We collected demographic and psychosocial self-report data from family caregivers providing in-home hospice care for advanced cancer patients (N = 90). Caregivers also reported perceived support and stress from specific family and non-family relationships. We identified three classes with unique patterns of stress and support within caregivers’ support networks using a latent class analysis. Classes include: (1) high support, low stress across family and non-family network members (“supportive”; 53% of caregivers); (2) high support, high stress across family and non-family network (“ambivalent maximizers”; 26%); and (3) high support, high stress across family network only (“family-focused ambivalent”; 21%). Caregivers in the ambivalent maximizer class reported more burden than caregivers in the supportive class ( p = .024). This is one of the first studies to systematically explore the role of non-family support, as well as how stress and support co-occur within relationships and across networks. As informal support networks of hospice family caregivers are complex and multifaceted, understanding the patterns of support and stress across various network members is essential to offer services to more effectively manage caregiver burden.

Although cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a highly effective treatment for individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), a portion people with OCD do not benefit fully from CBT due to ambivalence about participating in treatment, nonadherence to exposure exercises, and dropout. This paper reviews the promising evidence for motivational interviewing (MI) as a therapeutic approach that is well suited to address these issues and potentially improve treatment outcomes. It will also provide a discussion of MI processes that may enhance CBT for OCD which can foster a collaborative relationship that integrates a patient's own goals and values into exposure planning, helps resolve ambivalence or reluctance to engage in exposure exercises and builds and supports patients' intrinsic motivation to participate in treatment. The review will conclude with a case report describing the use of pre-CBT MI for an individual with OCD.

The author considers the problem of translation in relation to the Latin word traducere, transporting elsewhere, transferring on to another person. The countertransference, in these cases, is intensely activated. The author thus considers in greater depth this utilization of the word traducere by evoking the case of a patient who, from the very beginning of her treatment, aroused countertransference affects in the analyst resulting in experiences of intrusion, strange familiarity, and the double. The question of the double, its dimension of uncanniness, anxiety in connection with ego-disorganization and persecutory experience, is evoked. As the sessions unfold, the patient develops an idealizing transference, followed by feelings of disappointment that she links to an interpretation of the analyst. She then begins to recognize her ambivalence, a first attempt at psychic elaboration which permits the translation-transformation of her unconscious thoughts. Thus the transition from a narcissistic cathexis to a cathexis where homosexuality has a structuring effect is envisaged as a incipient translation opening towards otherness.

Objectives: Older adults' greater susceptibility to mortality from COVID-19 may have meaningful psychological implications not only for them, but also for their children. In this study, we focused on daughters of older women and examined the intergenerational relationships as a correlate of daughters' anxiety, depressive symptoms, and psychosomatic complaints.Method: Data were collected from 456 daughters of older mothers (M(age) = 40.82) during the first wave of the COVID-19 outbreak in Israel, when a relatively strict lockdown was enforced, separating mothers and daughters.Results: Findings suggest that while mothers' objective risk factors (age and morbidity) were mostly not associated with their daughters' distress, the daughters' concern about their mothers, and their perceived ambivalence in the relationship with the mother, as well as structural and affectual solidarity, were.Conclusion: We conclude that the mother-daughter relationship is an important correlate of daughters' reactions to this health crisis. Practically, it suggests that some daughters to aging mothers could be at a greater risk for emotional distress following the COVID-19 outbreak.

Background: Researchers have questioned the accuracy of retrospective measures of unintended pregnancy, which ask women whether they wanted a pregnancy before it was conceived. Objective: We investigated whether pregnant women's retrospective recollections of their pre-conception desires for pregnancy were shaped by intimate relationships, their own reactions, and their perceptions of their partners' reactions to their pregnancies. Methods: We used the Relationship Dynamics and Social Life (RDSL) study, which included weekly survey interviews with 971 young women, of whom 175 experienced 203 pregnancies during the 2.5-year study period. We estimated logistic regression models of whether women’s retrospective recollections of their pre-conception desires were stable, shifted positive, or shifted negative compared to their prospectively reported desires, along with formal mediation tests of potential mechanisms. Results: Women were more likely to remember their undesired pregnancies as desired before conception if they themselves reacted happily to the pregnancy, they were married or engaged, or they perceived their partner as reacting positively. The association with perceiving her partner as positive was mediated by her own happiness about the pregnancy. Conclusions: Retrospective recollections of pre-conception desire at least partially represent women's current feelings about a pregnancy. Post-conception happiness about a pregnancy may identify mothers and children whose health and well-being are at risk, but prospective measures are necessary to evaluate whether women got what they wanted. Contribution: This paper directly demonstrates that a woman's feelings about a specific pregnancy change over time alongside her experiences with the father of her pregnancy after conception.

The declaration of an overdose public health emergency in Vancouver has generated an “affective churn” of intervention across youth‐focused drug treatment settings, including the expanded provision of opioid agonist therapy. In this article, I track moments when young people became swept up in the momentum of this churn and the future possibilities that treatment seemed to promise. I also track moments when treatment and what happened next engendered a sense of stagnation, arguing that the churn of intervention ensnared many youth in rhythms of starts and stops that generated significant ambivalence toward treatment. The colonial past and present deepened this ambivalence among some Indigenous young people and informed moments of refusal. Youth's lives unfolded through but also around treatment programs, in zones of the city where drug use could generate a sense of momentum that was hooked not on futures, but on the sensorial possibilities of the now. [North America, overdose, drug treatment interventions, youth, affect]

This study aims to explore the lived experience of mothers who are caregivers for mentally ill adult children displaying aggressive behavior. This study used a qualitative research design with an interpretative phenomenological approach to explore mothers' experiences in facing aggressiveness from their adult children with mental disorders. Ten participants were recruited by using purposive sampling and data were collected through in-depth interviews. This study reveals two themes, namely emotional bonding as the trigger for an ambivalent response and the conflict between mothers' love and hatred toward adult children with mental illness. The aggressiveness of people with mental illness causes emotional ambivalence among their mothers. This research may serve as reference material to develop nursing interventions focusing on caregivers who care for adult children with aggressiveness, especially helping them to adapt with their ambivalent responses.

This research analyzes attitudes towards pornography on the basis of the perception of individuals for gender roles and attitudes of hostility towards men. 671 participants, 400 women and 271 men participated in the study by the web. Attitudes toward Pornography Scale were used to measure attitudes towards pornography, Gender Roles Attitude Scale was used to measure attitudes towards gender roles. The Hostility toward Men subscale of Ambivalence toward Men Inventory were used to measure attitudes hostility toward men. According to independent samples t-test findings, mens attitudes towards pornography were more positive than womens. Gender role attitudes and attitudes toward pornography were found to be significantly correlated. In the moderated regression analyzes, it was found that sex has no moderate effects on gender role attitudes and attitudes toward pornography. Hostility toward men has moderate effects on the relation between gender role attitudes and attitudes toward pornography for both women and men. Findings are interpreted as sexist violence, which is thought to be involved, affects attitudes towards pornography at different levels.

The following article discusses a collaborative, reenactment film made with the residents of a drug rehabilitation center in Iquitos, Peru. In so doing, it raises questions about narratives of recovery from addiction, and the tensions that emerge between these narratives and the often-ambivalent feelings of the people who tell them. Practices of filmmaking and reenactment generate a collaborative theorization of lived experience-in this case, the multifaceted natures of both addiction and recovery. At the same time, these practices are also attentive to the embodied memories and complex feelings of the film's actors. Further engagement with the filmic materials demonstrates how the film became an active exploration of the ongoing nature of recovery, complicating the therapeutic trajectories of a group of actors struggling to reconcile ambivalent feelings as they attempt to craft new narratives of self.

Sciatica is a common back problem with a generally positive natural course. This interview study was performed to gain increased insight into ambivalent and reluctant medicalization on the interactional level regarding the perceptions of Dutch patients and physicians about sciatica and its treatment options as a case study. While the concept of medicalization was introduced decades ago, nuanced perspectives on medicalization on the interactional level—ambivalent and reluctant medicalization—were added recently. Interviews were conducted with 10 patients and 22 clinicians and analyzed using these perspectives. The findings show that patients and clinicians share the problem definition of sciatica, which is stated to be the essence of medicalization. They differ from each other regarding the preferred course of action after diagnosis. Ambivalent and reluctant medicalization both highlight that medicalization in practice is often an uncertain and contested process, with medical intervention as a compromise result. In this case, the problem was not in the diagnosis but in reaching a treatment compromise, considering how much discomfort due to sciatica a patient could handle.

This article presents a study of Norwegian prisoners’ experiences with anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) and other drugs. An intervention »Ren trening« was conducted by Antidoping Norge2 in the fall of 2019. Fieldwork was carried out at two drug treatment units with a total of 25 prisoners, 11 of which were interviewed. A bottom-up approach to the analyses of the data resulted in rich narratives that give a unique insight into prisoner experiences with AAS. Further analyses showed extensive use of AAS in combination with other narcotics, especially amphetamine. According to a typology developed by Christiansen et al. (2017), the uncritical use of AAS, without any consideration for its potentially serious side effects, can be understood as »YOLO – You Only Live Once«. Ambivalence surrounding the use of AAS, even if respect for clean exercise without the use of AAS is high, can be linked to pleasant experiences with these drugs. The body remembers these experiences and prisoners recall them with nostalgic undertones. The seriousness of the problems associated with the use of AAS, including criminal activity, indicates the importance of addressing these issues in prison.

Objective Decision-making around tracheostomy placement and chronic respiratory support in children is complicated. Families often seek support and advice from outside the medical care team, including from social media. We undertook this study to characterize the content and nature of online resources created and managed primarily by caregivers of children living with tracheostomy and chronic mechanical ventilation. Design/setting We used a "grey literature" search methodology to identify internet resources created by caregivers of children with tracheostomy. We included only publicly available, nonindustry associated, English language, North American websites updated at least once in 2019. We then applied inductive content analysis to establish central themes, patterns and associations. Measurements/main results We identified six blogs/forums that met our search criteria. We identified four main themes: (1) Uncertainty, (2) Lived experience-wants, needs, and emotions, (3) Seeking context and meaning, and (4) Advice/information sharing/support. Two patterns of coping were identified on the basis of the relationships between codes. The "Acceptance pathway" is associated with a sense of self-actualization, mastery, satisfaction, return to normalcy, and ultimately acceptance. The "Resignation pathway" is associated with a sense of lack of control, frustration, burnout and stress, persistent lack of normalcy, and resignation to the tracheostomy as a negative but necessary outcome. Conclusion Caregivers often come to see themselves as experts in the care of children with tracheostomy, though many still express ambivalence about their knowledge and skills. Those early in the experience express a desire for community and can potentially benefit from online resources.

WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: Previous studies on leadership in psychiatric care have focussed on a diversity of staff and on different healthcare settings. Nurses in both Sweden and internationally, working with patients newly diagnosed with psychosis and addiction, describe an overwhelming workload. Existing research points out that experience and leadership training are the most important factors to exert a good nursing leadership. In Sweden, requirements for leadership exists already from the first day of a nurse's career. The relationship and communication between nurses in psychiatric care and members of the staff is decisive for whether the leadership will work. WHAT THE PAPER ADDS TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE: The study adds knowledge regarding the challenges leading the nursing care for patients diagnosed with psychosis and addiction. Ambivalence in the leadership role is prominent among nurses in psychiatric care and feelings of responsibility and meaningfulness are mixed with feelings of powerlessness and uncertainty. Swedish psychiatric nurses lack mandate to lead psychiatric nursing care. This may increase the feelings of uncertainty in their leadership role. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE?: A mandate to lead as well as a leadership guidance in communication and teambuilding will enhance the leadership, especially among newly graduated nurses. Heightened awareness within the healthcare organization about nurse's experience of difficulties in leading the psychiatric nursing care of the most severe psychiatric illnesses could increase the right prerequisites for leadership. ABSTRACT: Introduction Research shows that psychiatric nursing care puts additional demands on the nurse as a leader due to the psychological complexity of care. Experience and leadership training are most important to exert leadership. In Sweden, demands for leadership exist already at the beginning of a nursing career, and in psychiatry, it may lead to an overwhelming workload. Aim/Question The aim of the present study is to highlight nurses' experiences of leading the psychiatric nursing care in an adult psychiatric context. Method A qualitative interview study of eleven registered nurses within psychiatric inpatient care. Content analysis was used for analysis. Results Leading with combined feelings of both meaningfulness and uncertainty were the theme arising from the result. Discussion Findings from Swedish and international studies stress special demands on leadership in psychiatric care. The result shows that nurses perceived an ambivalence of their leadership in terms of both meaningfulness and uncertainty. Implications for Practice An official mandate to lead as well as leadership guidance in communication and teambuilding will enhance leadership, especially among newly graduated nurses. Heightened awareness within healthcare organizations about difficulties in leading psychiatric nursing care could increase the possibility to create right prerequisites for leadership.

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced a new reality on the delivery of psychotherapeutic services. Therapists have had to rapidly adapt to telehealth therapy using various video conferencing technologies while working from spaces that were not necessarily designed for delivering therapy sessions. While COVID-19 continues to be present in therapists' lives and shapes how they provide services, answering the question of whether to meet with clients in person again is a decision laden with complexity and ambivalence. In this mixed-method study, surveys with 169 therapists and interviews with 17 therapists were used to determine the factors that currently influence their attitudes toward resuming traditional in-person psychotherapy in light of COVID-19. We focused on the therapists' personal and professional characteristics to assess their plans to continue with telepsychotherapy or return to a traditional psychotherapy setting. Our findings suggest that positive attitudes toward telepsychotherapy, the lack of an effective vaccine, clients' satisfaction with telepsychotherapy, insurance reimbursement for telepsychotherapy, and negative attitudes toward wearing masks during sessions influenced therapists' decisions on whether or not to return to traditional in-person psychotherapy in the age of COVID-19.

Update and practical advice for travel vaccinations and consultations in primary care Abstract. Health issues during travels are common. Infections are amongst the most frequent problem besides accidents and cardiovascular events. Prevention is based on avoiding risks, drug prophylaxis and vaccinations. This article focuses on travel vaccinations and aims to provide a general update and practical advice for travel consultations in primary care. Vaccine-preventable infections are systematically summarized, including a specific risk assessment for children, general vaccination indication, vaccination schedule, and information particularities of specific vaccines. Updating the vaccination status is often neglected in regular GP consultations for adult patients. Appointments for travel advice are therefore an ideal and important means of checking and completing the recommended basic and booster immunizations. Travel immunizations typically aim at providing an individual protection from infection. In contrast, basic vaccinations also consider altruistic aspects such as herd immunity. Since ambivalence or skepticism about vaccination is widespread, this discrepancy may result in discussions. Travel consultations may therefore generate opportunities to clarify general ambivalences towards vaccinations. Based on the concept of "Motivational Interviewing", we show communicative possibilities to reduce ambivalence and resistance and ideally to promote the willingness to vaccinate through shared decision-making.

Patients who experience difficulty making medical decisions are often referred to as "ambivalent." However, the current lack of attention to the nuances between a cluster of phenomena that resemble ambivalence means that we are not always recognizing what is really going on with a patient. Importantly, different kinds of "ambivalence" may call for different approaches. In this paper, we present a taxonomy of ambivalence-related phenomena, provide normative analysis of some of the effects of-and common responses to-such mental states, and sketch some practical strategies for addressing ambivalence. In applying lessons from the philosophical literature and decision theory, our aim is to provide ethicists and clinicians with the tools to better understand and effectively intervene in cases of ambivalence.

There is often a superficial veil that divides those willing to discuss the construct of race and those participating in racial ambivalence or color blindness. Talking about race, racism, and the traumatic effects of racism is a discussion that society is still learning how to navigate. This qualitative study, utilizing the narratives of 13 social workers, was the first to question how social workers, in the role of justice system advocates, engage with the construct of racism-based trauma experienced by the incarcerated person. Data analysis revealed that participants conceptualized racism-based trauma as an often unbeknownst and persistently stressful reaction to a covert or overt racially oppressive situation potentially accentuated by place or locale. Results highlight the importance of increasing knowledge in the construct of racism-based trauma to be beneficial in practice while confronting white privilege and allyship were identified challenges. Participants, varying in their education, indicated having received no training on racism-based trauma. An engagement with one’s racial identity before and during a critique of racialized systems was also posited as being beneficial. The aims of engaging with construct ultimately strengthen and diversify social work pedagogy, training, and policies regarding marginalized groups.

This article investigates the intimate cultures of Finnish influencer mothers. Through in-depth qualitative interviews with four Finnish influencer mothers and online observation of their social media accounts, the article asks how influencers negotiate the feeling rules that govern maternal femininity on social media and attempt to cope with the emotional weight of precarious social media work. The article argues for using the affective practice of anxiety as a theoretical concept to explore the influencers’ routinized emotional behaviour in their attempts to decrease the discrepancy between their emotions and cultural expectations. The article suggests that although anxiety can be considered a negative side effect of stressful social media work, sharing it on social media can also be understood as a tactic that plays a central role in the lifestyle influencer industry. Drawing on Loveday’s analysis of the ‘neurotic academic’, the article suggests that the construction of an entrepreneurial influencer self is underpinned by anxiety. This argument is formulated through the figure of the ‘neurotic influencer’ that is the embodiment of the ambivalent nature of gendered influencer work.

Purpose Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a growing public health concern. Continued NSSI is often associated with negative outcomes, yet the behaviour usually serves a purpose for individuals who self-injure (e.g. emotional relief). As such, individuals who self-injure often experience ambivalence about the behaviour. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the importance of recognising ambivalence as a natural and expected part of the recovery process. Design/methodology/approach This paper draws on literature regarding NSSI recovery, ambivalence towards stopping the behaviour and challenges for both clients and health professionals. Findings This paper argues that ambivalence towards self-injury can be challenging for both clients and health professionals. Clients may feel shame and sense of failure if they experience a setback; health professionals may experience frustration towards clients who continue to self-injure despite treatment. Originality/value Validation of the clients’ experience can have significant positive outcomes in treatment and help-seeking behaviours. Acknowledgement of client ambivalence during the recovery process will serve to validate clients’ experience and facilitate rapport. Health professionals who accept ambivalence as a natural part of the recovery process may experience less frustration with clients who continue to self-injure.