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Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of manual versus mechanical glide path (GP) on the surface changes of two different nickel-titanium rotary instruments used during root canal therapy in a moderately curved root canal. Materials and Methods: Sixty systemically healthy controls were selected for the study. Controls were divided randomly into four groups: Group 1: Manual GP followed by RaCe rotary instruments, Group 2: Manual GP followed by HyFlex rotary instruments, Group 3: Mechanical GP followed by RaCe rotary instruments, Group 4: Mechanical GP followed by HyFlex rotary instruments. After access opening, GP was prepared and rotary instruments were used according to manufacturer's instructions. All instruments were evaluated for defects under standard error mean before their use and after a single use. The scorings for the files were given at apical and middle third. Statistical Analysis Used: Chi-squared test was used. Results: The results showed that there is no statistical difference between any of the groups. Irrespective of the GP and rotary files used, more defects were present in the apical third when compared to middle third of the rotary instrument. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that there was no effect of manual or mechanical GP on surface defects of subsequent rotary file system used.

Background: Advancement in medical sciences with socioeconomic improvement across the country have led to increased life expectancy among Indians, which has resulted in increased old age dependency ratio. Indian health care delivery system is more deviant towards productive age groups and has side lined the veterans who constitute about 7-8% of our population. Morbidities among elderly are largely preventable and treatable if detected at early stages. Sleep disturbances, cognitive impairment and functional limitation are commonly neglected by elderly and often overlooked, whereas these conditions can severely impair the living status and quality of life among elderly. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in the Urban field practice area of Department of Community Medicine, JSS Medical College, Mysore for a period of three months. Details regarding Sociodemographic characteristics, sleep disturbance using STOP-BANG tool, Functional status using IADL Scale and cognitive impairment using MINICOG tool were collected in a pretested structured survey schedule by interview technique. Results: Among 102 of Geriatric subjects included in the present study, majority were in the age group 60-69 years- 72 (70.6%) and least 7 (6.9%) were 80 and above. 48 (49.1%) were males and 54 (52.9%) were females. Majority 43 (42.1%) were having Intermediate risk of sleep apnoea and 27 (26.4%) were having high risk. 44 (43.2%) were found to have subclinical cognitive impairments. Functional status scores will significantly lower among subjects with sleep and cognitive disturbances compared to their normal counterparts. Conclusions: There is a higher burden of sleep apnea, cognitive impairment among elderly which have significant influence on their functional status. Thus there is a need for evolving a strategy to include these screening procedures in the regular health check-up among elderly.

Introduction: Demographic and epidemiological transitions have increased the life expectancy of people in India. This has resulted in higher burden of morbidities related to aging. The National Health programmes have focused mainly on the health of women in reproductive age groups and neglected their health thereafter. Thus, there is a need to explore the bio-social correlates of menopausal symptoms among women, which can influence their quality of life. Subjects and Methods: This cross-sectional community-based study was conducted in the urban slum of Mysore for 3 months. A total of 100 postmenopausal women in the age group of 40–65 years residing in the field practice area of Urban Health Training Centre were selected by simple random sampling method from the database of households. Details regarding socio-demographic characteristics, postmenopausal symptoms, and factors associated with them were collected in a pretested structured pro forma by interview technique. Results: Among 100 women included in the present study, mean age at menarche and menopause was 13.45 ± 1.72 and 46.7 ± 5.2 years, respectively. The most common postmenopausal symptom was joint pain (92%) followed by physical and mental exhaustion (84%), depression (76%), irritability (73%), hot flushes, and night sweats (65%). There was a significant positive correlation between age of the women, duration of life after menopause, and postmenopausal symptoms. Conclusion: There is a high burden of postmenopausal symptoms which have shown an increasing trend with advancement of age. This calls for establishment of specific health interventions for postmenopausal women in the health-care settings.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate awareness regarding interdental aids in medical population. Materials and Methods: This study included 337 medical professionals living in Davangere district, Karnataka, India. A dental health questionnaire was distributed to all subjects consisting of 18questions. Results: Total 337 people with 187 females and 150 males who were of mean age 27.6±9.0 years participated in the study. The significant positive response (

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a multisystem disorder associated with number of complications. If patients are to contribute to the effective control of diabetes, awareness and practices can assist in reducing the incidence of its complications.Methods: A cross-sectional study of 200 type II diabetic patients at JSS Hospital, Mysuru was conducted, assessment of health seeking behaviour using semi structured questionnaire was done. Quality of life was assessed using WHO QOL-BREF Questionnaire.Results: Among 200 study participants 53.5% belongs to age group 41-60, 57.5% were males, 44.5% were having family history of diabetes, 68.5% were on oral hypoglycemic agents. 163 (81.5%) were anxious when they were diagnosed as diabetics, 123 (61.5%) were influenced by themselves to go for investigations, 68 (34%)were influenced by Doctors, 131 (65.5%) had no money as the barrier to attend hospital for check-up, 186 (93%) visit hospital once in less than 3 months, 180 (90%) of them believed oral drugs are the treatment for diabetes, 188 (94%) prefer Allopathic medicine. Association between initial response on diagnosis and interval for regular monitoring with Quality of life of diabetic patients was statically significant (p≤0.05).Conclusions: Health seeking behaviour is an important determinant of controlled glycaemic status and Quality of life of people living with diabetes.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of brain α1-adrenergic receptor binding in the rat model of pancreatic regeneration using 60–70% pancreatectomy. The α1-adrenergic receptors kinetics was studied in the cerebral cortex and brain stem of sham operated, 72 h pancreatectomised and 7 days pancreatectomised rats. Scatchard analysis with [3H]prazosin in cerebral cortex and brain stem showed a significant decrease (P

The importance of muscarinic receptors in proliferation of different cell types and in insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells has been extensively studied. However, the role of pancreatic muscarinic receptors during pancreatic regeneration has not yet been studied. For the first time, the functional status of the muscarinic M1 and M3 receptors in regeneration of the pancreas is investigated here. It is observed that the number and affinity of high-affinity muscarinic M3 receptors increased at the time of regeneration. The low-affinity M3 receptors also showed a similar trend. In the case of muscarinic M1 receptors, the receptor number increased with a decrease in affinity. We also observed an increase in the circulating insulin levels at the time of active regeneration. The in vitro studies confirmed that muscarinic receptors are stimulatory to insulin secretion. Our results suggest that the increased muscarinic M1 and M3 receptor subtypes stimulate insulin secretion and islet cell proliferation during the regeneration of pancreas.

The primary factor causing recession is the morphology and anatomy of the dentition. The facial bony plate overlying the root is usually very thin. The complete absence of bone over the facial root surface is referred to as dehiscence. Such buccal bone defects in case of implant dentistry threaten the survival of dental implant. Many surgical techniques are introduced to enhance alveolar bone volume for placing the dental implants. Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is one such established surgical technique for correcting buccal dehiscence defects, along with the use of various barrier membranes for the same. This case report describes an implant placement in the maxillary left lateral incisor region showing dehiscence on the labial cortical plate, along with bone graft and GTR membrane.

Background: Type II diabetes is a major public health problem in India. The epidemiological shift of the disease towards younger and middle aged individuals has resulted in longer duration of life with diabetes among the patients. Diabetes being a lifestyle disease, requiring robust behavioural and social adjustments influences the quality of life of an individual to a largest extent.Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted among 200 type II diabetic patients attending JSS Hospital, Mysuru for a period of one year. Information regarding socio-demographic characteristics like gender, education, occupation was collected in a pretested proforma by interview technique. Assessment of Quality of life was done using the WHO BREF questionnaire. Glycemic status of subjects was assessed using glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1C) levels. The Data entry and Statistical analysis were done using Microsoft Excel and SPSS 22version. Descriptive statistics like mean and standard deviation of QOL calculated and analysed with Sociodemographic variables, inferential statistics like Chi-square and Man-Whitney U test was done.Results: Among 200 study participants majority, 53.5% belonged to age group of 41-60 years, 57.5% were males, 67.5% belonged to lower socio economic class according to BG Prasad classification, 85% were married, 51% were Obese, 44.5% were having family history of diabetes, 48% were having Hypertension, 68.5% were on oral hypoglycemic, 10.5% were on Insulin, 20.5% were on both oral hypoglycaemic and Insulin. Overall Quality of Life was poor in 114 (57%), 114 (57%) had Poor Physical QoL score, 109 (54.5%) had poor psychological QoL score, 108 (54%) had poor social QoL score and 113 (56.5%) had poor environmental QoL score and 87 (43.5%). Median score of overall score of QoL was less in uncontrolled diabetes when compared to controlled diabetes status, this difference was statistically significance (P value- 0.04).Conclusions: Patients with type 2 diabetes have a substantially lower quality of life. QOL was poorer in subjects with uncontrolled glycemic status compared those with good diabetic control.

It has long been recognised that the presence of dental plaque leads to gingivitis and periodontal disease, as well as dental caries. Today tooth brushing is the most widely accepted method of removing plaque. Hence this present clinical study was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of an ionic toothbrush on oral hygiene status. For this study, 20 dental students in the age group of 18-20 years were included. All the subjects after undergoing dental prophylaxis were then provided with ionic toothbrushes, either active (equipped with lithium battery) or inactive (without lithium battery). Plaque index and gingival bleeding index were examined at 7th, 14th, and 21st day. Microbial assessment was done for detection of colony forming units (CFU) from the plaque samples which were collected on 0 day and 21st day, both before brushing and after brushing. Results shown a significant reduction in all the parameters and the reduction was more significant in active and inactive ionic toothbrush users. It was concluded that both active and inactive ionic toothbrushes reduced the plaque index and gingival bleeding index scores significantly and active ionic tooth brushes were more effective as compared to inactive ionic toothbrushes. There was no soft tissue trauma following the use of both type of toothbrushes, which showed that ionic toothbrushes were equally safe for regular long-term use.

Background: It has been long known that the clinical appearance of healthy marginal periodontium differs from subject to subject and even among different tooth types. Many features are genetically determined; others seem to be influenced by tooth size, shape and position and biological phenomena such as gender, growth and age. Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the thickness of facial gingiva among Indians and its association with age, gender and dental arch. Methods: The study group included 16 males and 16 females with an age range of 16–38 years. Gingival thickness was assessed in the maxillary and mandibular anteriors by transgingival probing. Results: It was observed that the younger age group had significantly thicker gingiva than that of the older age group. The gingiva was found to be thinner in females than males and, in the mandibular arch than the maxilla. Conclusion: In the present study, it was concluded that gingival thickness varies according to age, gender and dental arch.

A decided attitude of expectation among many patients has given a new perspective to regenerative and plastic periodonta surgery. With authors emphasizing on the importance of gingival thickness, attempts are being made to obtain necessary information atraumatically and rapidly. Hence in the present study an attempt has been made to compare the two methods of assessing gingival thickness i.e transgingival probing and ultrasonographic method and also assess the gingival thickness in relation to central incisor lateral incisor and canine in Indian population. The gingival thickness was assessed in patients with healthy gingiva by both the methods. It was observed that transgingival probing method significantly over estimated the thickness of gingiva than the ultrasonographic method and the thickness of gingiva varies with morphology of the crown. It was concluded that compared to transgingival probing ultrasonographic method assesses gingiva thickness more accurately, rapidly and atraumatically.