1. Management of tinea capitis in Israel: A comparative study
- Author
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Hadas Grunwald, Avner Shemer, Mary A Bamimore, Eran Galili, Ralph Daniel, Renata Farhi, Riad Kassem, and Aditya K. Gupta
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Antifungal Agents ,Itraconazole ,Dermatology ,Naphthalenes ,medicine.disease_cause ,Griseofulvin ,030207 dermatology & venereal diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Israel ,Child ,Tinea Capitis ,Trichophyton tonsurans ,Retrospective Studies ,biology ,business.industry ,Arthrodermataceae ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,Betamethasone valerate ,chemistry ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Dermatophyte ,Terbinafine ,Tinea capitis ,business ,Fluconazole ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background Tinea capitis is a common fungal infection in Israel, most commonly caused by the dermatophyte Trichophyton tonsurans. Objectives To investigate the effectiveness of oral antifungal monotherapy in producing clinical or complete cure. We also evaluated the impact of topical therapy (bifonazole 1% shampoo and/or betamethasone valerate 0.1% solution), prior to oral treatment, on patients' likelihood of clinical or complete cure. Methods A retrospective chart review was conducted. Patients with mycologically confirmed tinea capitis were treated with one of four regimens: (1) terbinafine (greater than 40 kg: 250 mg/day, 20 to 40 kg: 125 mg/day, less than 20 kg: 62.5 mg/day), (2) itraconazole 5 mg/kg daily, (3) fluconazole 6 mg/kg daily, or (4) griseofulvin 20 mg/kg daily. We used generalized linear models (GLM) to determine whether there was a significant association between the odds of cure and choice of treatment. Results The causative species was Trichophyton tonsurans in all but 6 cases that grew T violaceum. For pediatric patients, the odds of having complete or clinical cure within 6 weeks was greater if they used terbinafine compared to itraconazole, fluconazole, or griseofulvin (odds ratio [OR] = 9.06, P = .047). The likelihood of complete or clinical cure within 8 weeks of oral therapy was lower if topical steroids were previously used compared to if topical antifungals were used prior to systemic treatment (OR = 0.29, P = .046). Conclusions Our findings substantiate prior literature demonstrating that terbinafine is non-inferior to griseofulvin, itraconazole, and fluconazole in the therapy of pediatric tinea capitis caused by T tonsurans. more...
- Published
- 2021
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